七号信令监测系统及其应用

介绍了我国七号信令网的维护管理现状,阐述了七号信令集中监测系统的原理和功能及其在电信网络中的一些具体应用。     

Phosphodiesterase 4 and compartmentalization of cyclic AMP signaling

Cyclic AMP (cAMP), as a second messenger, plays a critical role in cellular signaling transduction. However, it is not clear how this apparently identical cAMP signal induces divergent physiological re- sponses. The potential explanation that cAMP signaling is compartmentalized was proposed by Buxton and Brunton twenty years ago. Compartmentalization of cAMP signaling allows spatially distinct pools of protein kinase A (PKA) to be differently activated. Research on cAMP signaling has regained impetus in many fields of life sciences due to the progress in understanding cAMP signaling complexity and functional diversity. The cAMP/PKA signaling compartments are maintained by A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) which bind PKA and other signaling proteins, and by PDEs which hydrolyse cAMP and thus terminate PKA activity. PDE4 enzymes belong to PDE superfamily and stand at a crossroad that allows them to integrate various signaling pathways with that of cAMP in spatially distinct com- partments. In the current review, the nomenclature, taxonomy and gene expression of PDE4, and the system and region of its effect are described. In addition, the idiographic molecules, mechanisms, and regulation models of PDE4 are summarized. Furthermore, the important roles PDE4 plays in the matu- ration of rat granulosa cells and cAMP signaling compartmentalization are discussed.     

Nitric oxide: A potential key point of the signaling network leading to plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis

The endogenous signaling network of plants plays important roles in mediating the exogenous factor-induced biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a key signaling molecule in plants recently. Numerous studies demonstrated that the main signaling molecules such as salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and NO were not only involved in regulating plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis but also interacted to form a complex signaling network by mutual inhibition and/or synergy. The recent progress in the signal network of plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis has been discussed in this paper. Furthermore, we propose a hypothetical model to show that NO might act as a potential molecular switch in the signaling network leading to plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis.     

FAK及FAK在心肌肥大信号传导中的作用

粘着斑激酶是一种在体内广泛表达且结构高度稳定的非受体型酪氨酸激酶。研究发现。FAK不仅在各种细胞生理活动中发挥重要作用，而且在许多疾病的发生机制中同样占有重要地位。本文从FAK在心肌肥大信号传导中的作用入手，阐述了FAK在心肌肥大的适应性重建信号传导过程中的作用，以及磷酸化的FAK还能转移至核内参与肥大基因的转录与调控。全面总结了FAK在心肌肥大发病机制中的最新进展。     

REMARKS ON UNIVERSAL COEFFICIENT THEOREMS FOR GENERALIZED HOMOLOGY THEORIES

Abstract

New proofs of universal coefficient theorems for generalized homology theories (cf. ∮ 2, ∮ 3) including L. G. Brown's result, relating Brown-Douglas-Fillmore's Ext (X) with complex K-theory are presented. They are all based on a theorem asserting the existence of a chain functor for a generalized homology theory (cf. ∮ 1), which was originally designed for the construction of strong homology theories on strong shape categories.     

Analyzing Telephone Network Data

Abstract

As our reliance on computer networks grows, it becomes increasingly important that we understand the behavior of the traffic that they carry. Because of the speeds and sizes involved, working with traffic collected from a computer network usually means working with large datasets. This article describes our experience with traffic collected from the common channel signaling (CCS) network. I will briefly describe the data and how they are collected and discuss similarities with and differences from other large datasets. Next, I will describe our analysis tools and outline the reasons that they have been found useful. Finally, I will discuss the challenges facing us as we strive for a better understanding of more data from faster networks. Although my emphasis in this article is on the CCS network, it has been my experience that both the problems and the solutions generalize to data from other networks.     

β淀粉样蛋白来源的扩散性配体对胞外信号调节激酶活性的影响

β淀粉样蛋白来源的扩散性配体降低细胞外信号调节激酶的磷酸化水平,免疫印迹结果显示在培养的海马神经元上,给予500 nmol/L的可溶性β淀粉样蛋白寡聚体,作用不同时间均降低了胞外信号调节激酶的磷酸化水平;可溶性β淀粉样蛋白寡聚体对细胞不同部位胞外信号调节激酶磷酸化水平影响不同,并且对细胞质、细胞膜、细胞核中胞外信号调节激酶磷酸化水平的影响在时间上呈现明显的差异;β淀粉样蛋白来源的扩散性配体通过突触外N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体影响胞外信号调节激酶信号通路,单独激活突触外的N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体或给予β淀粉样蛋白来源的扩散性配体后再激活突触外的N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体,胞外信号调节激酶的磷酸化水平均明显降低;水迷宫实验显示,转入淀粉样前体蛋白基因的小鼠要花更多时间找到目标平台,其海马胞外信号调节激酶磷酸化水平显著降低.     

Magnetic beads as versatile tools for electrochemical DNA and protein biosensing

Magnetic beads (MBs) are versatile tools in the separation of nucleic acids, proteins and other biomacromolecules, their complexes and cells. In this article recent application of MBs in electrochemical biosensing and particularly in the development of DNA hybridization sensors is reviewed. In these sensors MBs serve not only for separation but also as a platform for optimized DNA hybridization. A hybridization event is detected separately at another surface, which is an electrode. The detection is based either on the intrinsic DNA electroactivity or on various kinds of DNA labeling, including chemical modification, enzyme tags, nanoparticles, electroactive beads, etc., greatly amplifying the signals measured. In addition to DNA hybridization, other kinds of biosensing in combination with MBs, such as DNA-protein interactions, are reviewed.     

三角形欧拉圆的高维推广

采用笛卡儿直角坐标法,定义了高维共球有限点集的"欧拉超球面"(它是三角形欧拉圆的高维推广)、"2号心"等概念,并揭示了它们的一系列基本性质.     

Plant grafting and its application in biological research

Grafting is widely used for various aspects of plant biological research. We reviewed grafting methods and graft development processes for herbaceous plants. We introduced also methods of investigating the development of graft union and compatibility, and the application of grafting in understanding translocation of substances and long-distance signaling in plants.