Quantum Fourier Transform-Based Arithmetic Logic Unit on a Quantum Processor

This study proposes and construct a primitive quantum arithmetic logic unit (qALU) based on the quantum Fourier transform (QFT). The qALU is capable of performing arithmetic ADD (addition) and logic NAND gate operations. It designs a scalable quantum circuit and presents the circuits for driving ADD and NAND operations on two-input and four-input quantum channels, respectively. By comparing the required number of quantum gates for serial and parallel architectures in executing arithmetic addition, it evaluates the performance. It also execute the proposed quantum Fourier transform-based qALU design on real quantum processor hardware provided by IBM. The results demonstrate that the proposed circuit can perform arithmetic and logic operations with a high success rate. Furthermore, it discusses in detail the potential implementations of the qALU circuit in the field of computer science, highlighting the possibility of constructing a soft-core processor on a quantum processing unit.     

面向车路耦合的6x6轮式机器人动力学分析

为了准确的描述采用6个轮边电机独立驱动的双减震轮式机器人的响应特性以及轮胎的动载荷,通过构造适合不同等级路面的6x6轮整车13自由度垂向动力学模型进行仿真。该模型包含了双边六个车轮垂向位移,车身质心垂向位移,车身四角垂向位移,车身俯仰运动以及车身侧倾运动,并且将左右轮在行驶过程中的相干性以及行驶过程中左右轮地面信号输入的不同的情况考虑在内;同时利用三角级数法构造并验证了仿真所需的各级路面时域信号,可以模拟在任何等级路面下的运动情况;建立了利用MATLAB/Simulink平台求解该动力学模型,获得响应特性及轮胎动载荷的研究方法。结果表明,在F级路面下的整车13自由度垂向动力学模型的可行性以及准确性。可见,该动力学模型可为以后6x6双减震轮式机器人相关参数(例如悬架优化,有限元分析,轻量化设计)的优化提供参考。     

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The discriminatory processor sharing queues with multiple classes of customers (abbreviated as DPS queues) are an important but difficult research direction in queueing theory, and it has many important practical applications in the fields of, such as, computer networks, manufacturing systems, transportation networks, and so forth. Recently, researchers have carried out some key work for the DPS queues. They gave the generating function of the steady-state joint queue lengths, which leads to the first two moments of the steady-state joint queue lengths. However, using the generating function to provide explicit expressions for the steady-state joint queue lengths has been a difficult and challenging problem for many years. Based on this, this paper applies the maximum entropy principle in the information theory to providing an approximate expression with high precision, and this approximate expression can have the same first three moments as those of its exact expression. On the other hand, this paper gives efficiently numerical computation by means of this approximate expression, and analyzes how the key variables of this approximate expression depend on the original parameters of this queueing system in terms of some numerical experiments. Therefore, this approximate expression has important theoretical significance to promote practical applications of the DPS queues. At the same time, not only do the methodology and results given in this paper provide a new line in the study of DPS queues, but they also provide the theoretical basis and technical support for how to apply the information theory to the study of queueing systems, queueing networks and more generally, stochastic models.     

基于差分算子的薄层弱信号检测方法

随着石油勘探程度的提高,新勘探的目标更加隐蔽,表现出圈闭规模小,储层厚度薄等特点,特别是砂泥岩薄互储层,地震反射信号微弱,常规地震资料难以准确识别,制约了精细构造解释、精细储层预测及圈闭落实程度。为了解决实际地震资料中的薄层弱信号检测问题,发展了一种能增强弱信号能量且不会抬高高频噪音的差分算子技术。该方法利用原始地震道的高斯平滑衍变地震道抬升薄层弱信号的低频段能量,利用原始地震道的偶数阶衍变地震道抬升薄层弱信号的高频段能量,并将输出地震道经过完全总体经验模态分解(CEEMD)算法处理以压制高频的衍生干扰信息。数值模拟以及实际资料均验证了该方法的高效性。     

在线传感器突变信号的检测与区分

为了准确区分传感器突变信号产生的原因,提出了基于数学模型的小波频带分析法. 针对工业流程中的测控系统,分析了输出突变信号的频率组成与突变原因的关系. 用小波频带分析技术,将高低频信号分离,并进行能量统计,根据高低频信号能量比例的变化,判断出突变信号产生的原因. 经典型控制系统的计算机仿真和恒压供水系统实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地诊断出传感器是否发生故障.     

近红外微弱光信号检测镜头的研制

运用ZEMAX设计了一款大孔径、小畸变微弱光信号检测镜头,与高灵敏近红外CCD图像传感器匹配,实现了对微弱单态氧¹O₂信号的实时、快速、高准确度的检测.检测镜头相对孔径1:0.86,半像高为6.3 mm,光谱范围为1 250~1 290 nm,放大倍率为1X,畸变小于0.1%.运用AutoCAD设计光学系统的机械结构,采用双高斯对称式结构以降低成本,手动聚焦、直插式滤片切换机构方便实验的调节,检测镜头研制成功并在实验中采集到较好的微弱单态氧¹O₂信号.     

线性调频信号激励过阻尼双稳系统的随机共振现象研究

线性调频信号是工程中常见的一种信号, 由于其为非周期信号, 无法以频域信噪比作为衡量其是否产生随机共振的测量手段, 故鲜有文献研究以线性调频信号为激励信号的随机共振现象. 本文利用线性调频信号在最优分数阶Fourier变换域上的能量聚集性, 首次提出以最优分数阶Fourier变换域上定义的信噪比作为测量手段, 研究了线性调频信号叠加高斯白噪声激励过阻尼双稳系统的随机共振现象, 且发现了以线性调频信号为激励信号时产生的新现象, 即随着信号频率的增大, 随机共振将逐渐减弱, 并给出了合理的解释.仿真的结果与理论分析一致, 验证了本文所提出方法的有效性. 关键词： 线性调频信号 分数阶Fourier变换 随机共振     

A Review of Signal Enhancement and Noise Reduction Techniques for Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy

Abstract: Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), as a noninvasive spectroscopic method, permits high-resolution, high-sensitivity, fast, in situ absorption measurements of atomic and molecular species and narrow spectral features in gaseous, solid, and liquid phases. Advances in new diode laser sources and laser spectroscopic techniques generally have triggered an increasing application of TDLAS in various disciplines (for example, atmospheric environmental monitoring, chemical analysis, industrial process control, medical diagnostics and combustion monitoring, etc.) over the last four decades. This article reviews some important developments in TDLAS, from its basic principles as a spectroscopic tool to the demonstration of gas absorption measurements, emphasizing signal enhancement and noise reduction techniques developed for improving current TDLAS performance.     

混沌直接序列扩频信号盲解调的硬件电路实现

提出了基于现场可编程门阵列 (FPGA) 技术的混沌直接序列扩频信号盲解调的硬件电路实现方法. 设计了混沌直接序列扩频信号发射机与接收机. 发射机可产生10种不同的混沌直接序列扩频信号. 为方便接收机的硬件电路实现, 对无先导卡尔曼滤波混沌拟合盲解调算法进行了简化, 在简化模型的基础上设计了接收机硬件结构. 提出了一种动态调整偏移因子的新方法, 使接收机能实时适应混沌映射的变化. 通过高斯白噪声信道及多径信道条件下的盲解调实验, 验证了盲解调算法硬件实现的抗噪声与抗多径性能, 以及对10种不同的混沌直接序列扩频信号的自适应破译效果. 关键词： FPGA 混沌直接序列扩频通信 盲解调     

MR动态增强联合扩散加权成像技术在乳腺疾病诊断中的价值

目的探讨乳腺MR动态增强扫描联合扩散加权成像技术在乳腺疾病影像诊断中的价值。方法对48例女性乳腺患者进行MRI检查,先进行双侧乳腺常规MRI平扫,再进行双侧乳腺扩散加权平面回波（EPI）序列扫描,最后行乳腺动态增强扫描。通过后处理,得到病灶处表观弥散系数（ADC）值及时间-信号强度曲线。结果根据时间-信号强度曲线特点及ADC值,结合常规MRI形态学特点进行良、恶性病变诊断。MRI诊断为恶性肿瘤19例,良性病变29例。手术或活检病理结果证实MRI诊断为恶性肿瘤的19例患者中,18例为恶性肿瘤,另外1例为良性肿瘤（旺炽性腺瘤）;MRI诊断为良性病变的29例患者,手术或病理活检均证实为良性病变。MRI区分乳腺良、恶性病变的准确率为97.9%（47/48）,与手术或病理活检准确率（100%）比较差异无统计学意义（字2=0.044,P=0.834）。结论动态增强扫描联合扩散加权成像技术,可提高乳腺疾病影像诊断准确率。