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71.
72.
Fluorescence has been the preferred choice for data quantification in biomedical microarray formats since their earliest days. As much as the formats have grown and evolved over the years, the methods in optical analysis have become ever more sophisticated and complex in order to produce more and better output. This review will provide an insight into the most common methods and the state-of-the-art of all areas in microarray fluorescence analysis. Starting with an overview on microarray formats with a focus on their demands on the readout, the most common and useful organic fluorescent stains are discussed before proceeding on to other approaches; the use of semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots), polymer and silica nanoparticles and fluorescent proteins. Ways to enhance the intrinsically low signal on biochips have become increasingly important as they offer a sound approach towards the detection of low concentration sample content. The three main categories are presented: amplification using DNA, enzymes, and dendrimers. As much diversity as on the microarrays themselves can be found at the detection device. Standard optical microarray detectors, and non-standard methods using fluorescence anisotropy, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. 相似文献
73.
This work describes a hybrid procedure for eliminating major interference sources in aqueous near-infrared (NIR) spectra, that include aqueous influence, noise, and systemic variations irrelevant to concentration. The scheme consists of two parts: extension of wavelet prism (WPe) and orthogonal signal correction (OSC). First, WPe is employed to remove variations due to aqueous absorbance and noise; then OSC is applied to remove systemic spectral variations irrelevant to concentration. Although water possesses strong absorption bands that overshadow and overlap the absorption bands of analytes, along with noise and systematic interference, successful calibration models can be generated by employing the method proposed here. We show that the elimination of major interference sources from the aqueous NIR spectra results in a substantial improvement in the precision of prediction, and reduces the required number of PLS components in the model. In addition, the strategy proposed here can be applied to various analytical data for quantitative purposes as well. 相似文献
74.
铕对小麦根细胞钙调素及NAD激酶的影响研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了Eu对小麦根细胞内钙调素的含量和活性以及对受钙调素调控的专一性酶NAD激酶的影响。结果表明,Eu^3+有类似Ca^2+的作用,影响受Ca^2+浓度调控的信号系统关键蛋白——钙调素的活性和含量变化。从而引起钙调素调控酶NAD激酶的活性改变,最终影响细胞内生理生化过程。认为稀土离子对生物体的Hormesis效应町能与稀土离子对细胞信号传递系统的影响有关,稀土离子可能通过影响细胞信号系统来调节细胞内的各种生理生化变化,形成稀土元素生物效应的多样性特征。 相似文献
75.
76.
Based on the theory of stochastic resonance, a new method carried on the quantitive analysis to weak chromatographic signal of glyburide in plasma, which was embedded in the noise background and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of HPLC-UV is enhanced remarkably. This method enhances the quantification limit to 1 ng ml−1, which is the same as HPLC-MS, and makes it possible to detect the weak signal accurately by HPLC-UV, which was not suitable before. The results showed good recovery and linear range from 1 to 50 ng ml−1 of glyburide in plasma and the method can be used for quantitative analysis of glyburide. 相似文献
77.
《Arabian Journal of Chemistry》2020,13(2):4082-4091
In present study, an investigation was carried out to develop and validate an analytical method for the selective extraction and determination of griseofulvin (GSF) from plasma samples. For this purpose, a rational approach was made to synthesize and characterize the surface molecularly imprinted polymers (SMIPs). The SMIPs were utilized as solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbents. The SMIPs were prepared by using GSF as template molecule on the surface of modified silica particles through a non-covalent technique. The particles demonstrated high adsorption capacity (119.1 µg/mL), fast adsorption equilibrium time (30 min) and good recognition selectivity for the template drug. The scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy were used to explain the structural and morphological characteristics of the SMIPs and surface non-imprinted polymers. The SPE method was combined with HPLC for plasma analysis. The method validation results demonstrated that the established method possessed good linearity for GSF ranging from 0.1 to 50 µg/mL (R2 = 0.997). The limit of detection for this method was 0.02 µg/mL for rat plasma samples. The recoveries of GSF from spiked plasma samples were (90.7–97.7%) and relative standard deviations were (0.9–4.5%). Moreover, the SMIPs as selective SPE sorbent can be reused more than 8 times which is a clear advantage over commercial SPE sorbents. Finally, the usefulness of the proposed strategy was assessed by extraction and detection of GSF in real rat plasma samples. 相似文献
78.
可变2n点流水线FFT处理器的设计与实现 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
设计一种可以连续计算N点复数序列傅里叶变换(FFT)的流水线结构处理器,其序列长度N(为2的幂)可变.流水线结构由乒乓存储器将基本运算模块级联而成,对输入数据的顺序以及流水运算的级数加以控制便可计算不同长度序列FFT.给出了由序列长度控制输入数据倒序、旋转因子寻址以及数据输出的实现方法.数据采用块浮点表示,提高了运算精度.用硬件描述语言VHDL在寄存器传输级(RTL级)进行描述,并在单片FPGA上实现.该芯片可工作在80 MHz,连续计算时,处理长度为1 024点的序列仅需12.8 μs. 相似文献
79.
OSC-PLS算法在近红外光谱定量分析中应用的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
提出一种新的光谱预处理方法--正交信号校正,并将正交信号校正与偏最小二乘法相结合的OSC-PLS方法应用于固体含能材料中挥发份的定量分析.利用正交信号校正,对光谱数据进行预处理,剔除光谱矩阵中所含的各种噪声信号,将去噪后的光谱矩阵作为新的自变量矩阵,再利用偏最小二乘方法建立校正模型.结果表明:用OSC-PLS方法建立模型与用传统偏最小二乘法所建模型相比精度明显提高,这对近红外光谱分析在该领域的应用具有重要的理论意义和实际推广价值. 相似文献
80.
基于TMS320C5409的语音处理系统 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了一个基于DSP(TMS320C5409)的语音采集、编码、回放系统实例,对于DSP与CODEC芯片如何连接和配合工作提出了较为详细的解决方案,并从硬件、软件两个方面做出了说明. 相似文献