基于Ni@Pt燃料电池型甲醛电化学传感器的研究

通过热裂解和氢还原制备了Ni纳米颗粒,并在酸性溶液中通过液相置换合成了核壳 Ni@Pt-800。采用喷涂法将催化剂作为阴极涂层附着在质子交换膜上,阳极涂层为商业Pt/C。采用透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪、X射线衍射仪对催化剂结构进行表征。结果表明,Ni@Pt-800对甲醛的响应分别是Ni@Pt和其他干扰气体的4.95倍和25倍。在0～135×10^?6范围内,甲醛的氧化峰电流与浓度有着良好的线性关系,其线性回归方程为：△i=0.00103×10^?6－0.006 61,相关系数为0.98。     

Screening an In-House Isoquinoline Alkaloids Library for New Blockers of Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels Using Voltage Sensor Fluorescent Probes: Hits and Biases

Voltage-gated Na⁺ (Na_V) channels are significant therapeutic targets for the treatment of cardiac and neurological disorders, thus promoting the search for novel Na_V channel ligands. With the objective of discovering new blockers of Na_V channel ligands, we screened an In-House vegetal alkaloid library using fluorescence cell-based assays. We screened 62 isoquinoline alkaloids (IA) for their ability to decrease the FRET signal of voltage sensor probes (VSP), which were induced by the activation of Na_V channels with batrachotoxin (BTX) in GH3b6 cells. This led to the selection of five IA: liriodenine, oxostephanine, thalmiculine, protopine, and bebeerine, inhibiting the BTX-induced VSP signal with micromolar IC₅₀. These five alkaloids were then assayed using the Na⁺ fluorescent probe ANG-2 and the patch-clamp technique. Only oxostephanine and liriodenine were able to inhibit the BTX-induced ANG-2 signal in HEK293-hNa_V1.3 cells. Indeed, liriodenine and oxostephanine decreased the effects of BTX on Na⁺ currents elicited by the hNa_V1.3 channel, suggesting that conformation change induced by BTX binding could induce a bias in fluorescent assays. However, among the five IA selected in the VSP assay, only bebeerine exhibited strong inhibitory effects against Na⁺ currents elicited by the hNav1.2 and hNav1.6 channels, with IC₅₀ values below 10 µM. So far, bebeerine is the first BBIQ to have been reported to block Na_V channels, with promising therapeutical applications.     

Partial P-Type Metal Ions Doping Induced Variation of Both Crystal Structure and Oxygen Vacancy Within Cu/SnO2 Metastable Solid Solution Nanofibers for Highly Sensitive C2H2 Sensor

Partial P-type metal ions doping(PPMID) is an alternative method to further enhance the gas sensing performance of N-type metal oxides(NMOs) in contrast to that of P-N metal oxides heterojunctions, but the influences of the introduction of PPMID on the grain size and oxygen vacancies of NMOs have been rarely investigated. Herein, a simple and effective route has been demonstrated to address this problem with Cu²⁺-doped SnO₂ metastable solid solution nanofibers(CSMSSNs) as model and C₂H₂ as target molecule by combining electrospinning and calcination technique. It seems that the introduction of PPMID can also affect crystal structure and oxygen vacancies of NMOs, proven by combining X-ray diffraction(XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectra(XPS). Thus, PPD, crystal structure and oxygen vacancies have been combined to clarify the enhanced sensing performance of Cu-doped SnO₂ metastable solid solution nanofibers angainst C₂H₂.     

混合动力汽车电机驱动系统传感器故障重构控制

针对混合动力汽车感应电机驱动系统可能存在的传感器故障模式,设计了一个主动容错重构控制系统.该系统能充分利用无故障的传感器信息,最大限度地维持驱动系统的控制性能,并在重构切换过程中,考虑电机转矩和转速的平滑过渡问题.此外,为提高车用感应电机驱动系统的性能,基于传统磁场定向控制(FOC)思想设计出一种新型鲁棒性PI控制器来实现电机转矩跟踪;利用滑模控制技术,设计了转子磁链-速度自适应观测器.为进一步提高交流电流传感器故障状态下电机驱动系统的容错能力,提出了用直流电流重构交流相电流的新思路.仿真研究表明,在发生传感器故障时,所设计的电机驱动系统仍能有效地保证车辆行驶过程中的转矩和速度跟踪性能以及系统的稳定性.     

线性激光位移传感器的结构优化设计

根据被测物体的表面反射模型,采用光线追踪法对用于自由曲面数字化的线性激光位移传感器进行了计算机仿真,利用复合形法进行了传感器结构参数优化,使用单片球面透镜替代非球面透镜获得了较好的线性关系。实验表明,采用该方法可以缩小传感的结构尺寸、提高精度,降低成本。     

基于SPR的液体折射率检测研究

精确的折射率测量可以深入的了解介质微小的物理或者化学变化。提出一种基于Kretschmann棱镜结构的SPR折射率检测方法。首先利用Mathematica软件重点分析Kretschmann模型结构下待测样品折射率变化对表面等离子体共振吸收峰的影响,得到吸收峰随样品折射率的变化关系。在此基础上,构建Kretschmann模型并进行了酒精与水混合溶液的折射率测量。最后得出该方法能够有效检测到样品反射谱曲线,且与理论曲线趋势基本一致,在1.33~1.36折射率范围内检测的灵敏度可达86.88 deg/RIU。本研究方案对研制表面等离子体共振折射率传感器具有良好的价值。     

船用智能无线测温系统

为克服船舶复杂电磁环境,实现信息高效传输,该文提出了一种基于TinyOS操作系统的船用智能无线测温系统设计方案,将ATmega128L主控芯片、CC2420射频芯片和DS18B20温度传感器组合设计了无线传感网络节点,实现了温度的精确采集和无线传输,同时通过上位机软件对其进行实时监测、处理、存储和报警.对设计的船用智能无线测温系统进行测试,结果表明该系统能够稳定、准确、快速地获取待测点的温度,而且系统结构简单、节点布置灵活、抗干扰性强,适用于复杂和空间有限的船舶环境.     

数字式温度测量系统的设计

采用单片机和数字式温度传感器DS18B20,设计一种温度测量系统.介绍51单片机和温度传感器DS18B20,以及温度传感器DS18B20的工作时序.给出温度测量系统的硬件电路和软件程序设计的方法,以及51单片机对DS18B20的初始化程序,读、写等相关程序.实现了对测量温度的采集和显示.实验表明,该系统具有测量精确,测量范围大,体积小,便于控制及结构简单、抗干扰能力强、适用范围广等优点.     

波导全息指纹图像传感器实验研究

为解决传统的光电指纹图像传感器尺寸、重量和功耗过大的缺陷 ,提出了一种新型基于波导全息元件、光纤束及 CMOS图像传感器等微光学器件的指纹图像传感器。介绍了波导全息指纹图像传感器中的波导全息元件、成像系统及计算机接口部分设计制作原理。实验研究的结果表明仪器中微光学元件的应用显著地降低了尺寸、质量和功耗 ,使指纹图像传感器更易于集成和应用 ,波导全息指纹图像传感器还能获取更高质量的指纹图像     

磁阻式与霍尔式接近开关性能比较

介绍了磁阻式接近开关和霍尔式接近开关的工作原理及信号处理电路,并对二者的动态特性进行了测量和分析.实验表明:磁阻式接近开关动态特性优于霍尔式接近开关,该接近开关灵敏度高,稳定性好,且成本低,可替代霍尔式接近开关,用于铁磁性材料检测和控制.