Synthesis of monodispersed organic-inorganic hybrid spheres

This paper describes the attempt to prepare a new group of monodispersed silica-polymer hybrid particles, which consists of silica and amide polymer: poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(2-ethyloxazoline) (POXZ). Preparation method is based on the growth of hybrid seeds by the addition of TEOS-polymer solution.Monodispersed PVP-silica hybrid particles of 1.24 µm in diameter were prepared by growing the hybrid seeds of 0.54 µm by the addition of TEOS-PVP solution with ammonia catalyst. In the case of POXZ-silica particles, addition of TEOS-POXZ solution to the solution containing 0.54 µm seeds resulted in monodispersed POXZ-silica hybrid particles and four times repetition of the addition for particle growth gave the hybrid particles of the diameter of 1.6 µm.Improvement of mechanical properties of hybrid particles was observed when the particles were heated at 100 200°C.     

Optimization of a New Extraction Technique for Analysis of Verbenone and cis-Verbenol in Pine Seeds

Results from a systematic study of the factors affecting extraction of cis-verbenol and verbenone from pine seeds are presented. Five extraction conditions were investigated: extraction solvent, method of extraction, extraction temperature, volume of solvent, and the ratio of the mass of sample to the amount of extraction solvent. The resulting optimized method uses magnetic-stirring-assisted extraction of pine seeds (5 g) with ethyl acetate (75 mL) for 20 min, at room temperature. RSDs were less than 5% for both compounds. GC–FID was used for quantification of cis-verbenol and verbenone in the extracts.     

Purification and biochemical characterisation of acid phosphatase-I from seeds of Nelumbo nucifera

Acid phosphatase-I (Apase-I) from seeds of Nelumbo nucifera was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation, size-exclusion and ion exchange chromatography. SDS-PAGE of purified Apase-I gave a single band with molecular mass of 80 kDa under reducing and non-reducing conditions, indicating that the enzyme was a monomer. The purified enzyme showed maximum activity at 50°C and at pH 5. The Km, Vmax and Kcat for p-nitrophenyl phosphate were 132 μM, 10 μmol/min/mg and 6.7/sec respectively. Apase-I activity was strongly inhibited by Zn²⁺, W²⁺; weakly inhibited by Cu²⁺, Mo²⁺ and Cr⁶⁺ and moderately activated by Mg²⁺. The enzyme was shown to be thermolabile as it lost 50% of its activity at 50°C after incubation for 1 hour. The amino acid analysis of enzyme revealed high proportion of acidic amino acids, which is very similar to that of tomato Apase-I and lower than potato Apase.     

Neutral lipids from seeds of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cercis siliquastrum,Sapium sebiferum</Emphasis>, and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Koelreuteria paniculata</Emphasis>

The chemical composition of neutral lipids from seeds of Cercis siliquastrum, Sapium sebiferum, and Koelreuteria paniculata were studied. Characteristic features of their individual classes were established. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 318–319, July–August, 2007     

GC-MS法测定粮谷及油料中55种有机磷农药残留量

采用ASE-300快速溶剂萃取仪提取样品中农药残留量,提取液经二氯甲烷液-液分配、凝胶色谱柱（GPC）净化,固相萃取柱（活性炭）再净化,浓缩定容后,用气相色谱-质谱仪（GC-MS）测定,外标法定量.采用选择离子检测进行阳性确证.选择玉米、糙米、大豆、花生为实验样品、敌敌畏等55种农药添加水平在0.5～2.00 mg/kg时,该方法回收率为68%～117%;精密度为4.04%～11.76%;方法测定低限为0.005～0.100 mg/kg,各项指标均满足有关要求.     

Evaluation of synthesized green carbon catalyst from waste date pits for tertiary butylation of phenol

The present study is intended to adopt a facile method for preparing a sulphonated green carbon catalyst from date pits biomass. Catalyst synthesis involves in situ carbonization and sulphonation and it has been characterized by following techniques such as XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, FTIR, TGA, and BET. Surface and internal morphology results exhibited that the synthesized sulphonated carbon material possesses a mesoporous structure, while activated carbon possesses a microporous structure. Furthermore, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirmed the presence of acidic groups (OH, COOH, and SO₃H) in synthesized sulphonated carbon material. Sulphonated carbon material exhibited high acidity (4.7 mmol/g) and good thermal stability. The application of this catalyst for the tertiary butylation of phenol without using any solvent has been investigated. The phenol alkylation reaction showed maximum conversion at reaction condition: temperature (140 °C) with 2 bar (nitrogen gas) pressure with maximum phenol conversion 79.27 wt%, with 68.01% selectivity towards 4TBP+2,4TBP, which is used as an intermediate in antioxidants. The catalyst exhibits comparable catalytic performance up to five reaction cycles. Thus it can be concluded that waste date pits can be successfully employed for green catalyst synthesis and used for reactions involving large molecules.     

三种消毒剂对番茄种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

三种消毒剂灭菌的番茄种子，其发芽系数差异明显，氯化汞的最高，其次为双氧水，次氯酸钠最低，而苗高、苗重、子叶重、子叶开度，叶绿素含量则相反，依次为次氯酸钠、双氧水、氯化汞。三种消毒剂灭菌的子叶，离体培养时也有明显区别。     

Contents and distribution of rare earth elements in wheat seeds

Contents of 15 rare earth elements (REEs) in the seeds of 60 breeds of wheat have been analyzed by the inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The distribution pattern of contents of REEs in wheat seeds has been observed and compared with that in soils. Comparison with literature data has also been made. The results show that the background of REEs in wheat seeds is 10-11-10-8 g.g-1, 3-4 levels lower than in soils. The distribution pattern is light REEs higher in contents and slight Eu-anomaly, similar to that in soils. The data obtained in this study can accurately represent the background content of REEs in wheat seeds.     

镧、铈、钕、镨浸种处理对油菜吸收铬量及生物产量的影响

使用单一稀土—La、Ce、Nd、Pr对油菜种子进行浸种处理 ,以盆栽方式 ,明确了浸种处理后 ,油菜对Cr吸收、积累及生物产量的影响。结果表明 ,在不同程度Cr污染土壤上 ,4种单一稀土浸种处理均抑制了土壤中重金属Cr向油菜地上可食部分的吸收和转移 ,其抑制效果因土壤Cr污染程度不同而异。影响Cr累积率降低幅度大小均以Ce处理表现最佳 ,同时均不同程度地提高了油菜中干物质的积累     

蒲葵籽活性单体的分离及其抗癌活性研究

通过乙醇浸提、乙酸乙酯萃取、减压蒸馏得到蒲葵籽乙酸乙酯相,经过硅胶色谱柱及TLC分离、结晶及重结晶等方法,获得7种主要的单体化合物,质谱表征结果显示分别为豆甾醇、薯蓣皂苷元、棕榈酸乙酯、小麦黄素、芹菜素、β-胡萝卜苷和正十六酸,其中薯蓣皂苷元首次从蒲葵籽乙酸乙酯相中获得。对分离出的单体化合物进行MTT法抗肿瘤实验,结果表明:薯蓣皂苷元及β-胡萝卜苷对肝癌细胞株Bel-7402、宫颈癌细胞株Hela及胃癌细胞株SGC7901的生长具有明显的抑制作用,是蒲葵籽抑制癌细胞功能的主要有效成分。