季节性河流水中基础工程的施工方法——以邵永高速湘江大桥水中桩基及承台的施工为例

介绍了邵永高速湘江大桥水中桩基及承台的施工中的总体思路，施工现场临时设施的布置及主要的施工方案。得出了施工季节性河流水中基础工程的一些经验．     

大鼠不完全性视网膜缺血的组织学变化

采用双侧颈总动脉阻断血流（２ＶＯ）的方法，造成大鼠不完全性视网膜缺血，用组织学方法观察了不同缺血时间（３０、９０ｍｉｎ，４、７、３０ｄ）的缺血后再灌注与不再灌流对视网膜变化的影响。结果显示：缺血３０和９０ｍｉｎ再灌流４ｄ后，内炕网膜（包括外网层、内核层、内网层、节细胞层、神经纤维怪和内界膜）明显增厚；其他不再灌流的缺血组，厚度趋向减少。节细胞计数随缺血时间延长逐渐减少；缺血４ｄ后明显减少。提示不完     

A THEORETICAL APPROACH TO P_(co_2) EVOLUTION IN THE ATMOSPHERE BASED ON ASSOCIATIONS OF SEDIMENTARY MINERALS

Based on the theory of pH evolution of sea water and the balance between the seawater and the atmosphere the authors discussed the problems about (i) the method ofcalculating P_(CO_2) in the ancient atmosphere with the associations of sedimentary miner-als; (ii) the evolution of P_(CO_2) values in the geologic history; (iii) the relations of thepH evolution of sea water with carbonate precipitations; and (iv) calculation of the pHlimit for some associations of sedimentary minerals and its corresponding P_(CO_2) valuesin the atmosphere. The authors pointed out that though carbonates had deposited little in the Archaean,the content of CO_2 gas in the Archaean atmosphere was very high and was gradually go-ing up to form a thick CO_2 atmosphere. Up to 2600 Ma ago, the P_(CO_2) had reached a gradeof 10- 50 atm. There was a general trend of evolution that from the early Proterozoicera to the present the depositional horizon of carbonate layers was gradually risingand finally surpassed the horizons of clay min     

人类学与瑶族研究——人类学学者访谈之三十一

人类学确实是一门综合性的学科 ,它综合了很多学科的研究成果 ,从整体来认识人类社会与文化 ,比单一学科来认识人类要深刻得多。用人类学的理论方法来解读瑶族的历史文化是张有隽教授一生孜孜以求的事业。瑶族是一个传统的民族 ,又是一个开放的民族。瑶族社会强调人与自然的和谐与平衡。现代社会强调以人为本是有所片面性了。     

长江口崇明东滩风况统计分析

本文基于长江口崇明东滩气象站实测资料,给出逐月平均和主导风速及风向.观测资料和统计结果表明,从1月至12月,各月平均风速分别为4.2、4.6、4.9、4.9、4.7、4.4、4.9、4.9、4.5、4.0、4.1和4.3 m/s,平均风向分别为N、NE、NE、SE、SE、SE、S、SE、NE、NE、N和N.统计给出了各月第一、第二风向频率风,最大平均风速所在方位风,强风风向优势和风速优势风的风向、频率和平均速度.总体来看,长江口具有春夏季盛行东南风、秋冬季盛行偏北风的亚热带季风特征.强风频率有明显的季节性变化,3、4月和7、8月明显高于其他月份,且3、4月明显低于7、8月份,分别达到了0.8%和1.52%,相对应的平均风速为11.5和12.4 m/s.     

太平洋内区经向热输送的季节变化分析

为刻画整个太平洋内区经向热输送的基本特征及其季节变化,并初步探讨变化的原因,基于Argo温盐资料,利用P矢量法反演了太平洋的绝对地转流(AGC),并结合Ekman流,分析了年平均和季节平均的经向热输送。结果显示,在13°S~13°N,经向热输送主要由Ekman经向热输送控制,季节变化显著,且南北半球变化相反,北半球1-3月有北向输送最大值,8-10月当经向热输送转为南向时,Ekman经向热输送达到最小;南北太平洋经向热输送的季节变化存在显著的不对称特征,北太平洋的明显强于南太平洋,低纬度海域的明显大于高纬度海域。分析表明,经向热输送的季节变化与纬向风应力的变化直接相关,由于未能有效包含西边界流及赤道区域,对比前人的研究结果后推测,西边界流和赤道流在维持南北太平洋经向热输送的平衡中扮演了重要角色。     

儿童麻疹肺炎胸部CT影像学特点

目的:分析儿童麻疹肺炎的胸部影像学表现特点,提高对该病的影像学诊断能力及其远期并发症如闭塞性细支气管炎(BO)的早期识别能力.方法:91例患者均行胸部CT扫描,总结其CT及高分辨率CT(HRCT)资料,分析该病的影像学特点.结果:胸部CT表现:肺间质损害91例;片絮影57例,其中受累肺叶数≥3者32例;肺实变34例,累及肺叶数≥3者18例;磨玻璃影54例,胸膜增厚24例;纵隔气肿5例,气胸2例.63例患者存在小气道病变,其中,细支气管壁增厚52例,马赛克灌注征26例,小叶中心结节影22例,树芽征9例.17例重症麻疹肺炎患者在随访过程中,5例患者胸部HRCT一直显示有小气道病变.结论:儿童麻疹肺炎以肺间质损害合并双肺多灶性斑片影为主要改变,常常伴有磨玻璃影、胸膜病变;合并小气道病变常见,如出现小气道改变,尤其是重症患者,应进行临床及胸部HRCT随访除外闭塞性细支气管炎.     

Structures, IR, NMR Spectra and Thermodynamics Properties of Halogenated Compounds X-1-ZB11H10 (Z=O, S, Se;X=F, Cl, Br): A DFT Study

The halogenated compounds of twelve‐vertex closo‐1‐ZB₁₁H₁₁(Z=O, S, Se; X=F, Cl, Br) have unusual stability. The structures of halogenated isomers obtained by DFT method indicate that the halogen atoms are more likely to attack the meta vertexes. The chemical thermodynamic properties show that the halogenations are spontaneous and exothermic. The result that both the optimized and experimental cages of closo‐thiaborane have not changed after chlorination indicates that the substitution of a chlorine atom for a hydrogen atom of closo‐thiaborane happens at outer of the cage. The calculated electronic structures show that the three‐dimensioned aromaticity of cage would like positive chlorine atoms to attack. The halogenations by elemental halogen in the presence of metal halides were proved to belong to the electrophilic substitutions and the mechanism was discussed in details. The suggested transition state interpreted the experiments. The thermal rearrangement which was supposed early according to experiments was verified by the thermodynamic properties of chlorination theoretically. The IR and ¹¹B/¹H NMR isotropic chemical shifts were calculated and compared with the experimental data to reconfirm the structures of chlorinated closo‐thiaborane. Furthermore, the predictions on the halogenated closo‐oxaborane and closo‐selenaborane are significant for the syntheses.     

Spectrofluorimetric study on the interaction between antimicrobial drug sulfamethazine and bovine serum albumin

The interaction between the antimicrobial drug sulfamethazine (STM) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been studied using steady state and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence emission data revealed that BSA (2×10⁻⁶ M) fluorescence was statically quenched by STM at various concentrations, which implies that STM-BSA complex has been formed. The fluorescence emission data was analyzed via applying the Stern-Volmer analysis in combination with thermodynamic investigation, where obtained results revealed that quenching is static with quenching constants of 2.371, 1.658, and 0.916×10⁵ M⁻¹ at 298, 304, and 310 K, respectively. Binding constants and number of binding sites at different temperatures were also determined by applying the Scatchard method, which in turn were used to construct the van't Hoff plot in order to estimate the enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy changes (ΔS) for the complexation process. An average of 1.00±0.17 was estimated for the number of sites of BSA, which indicated that STM binds to BSA with stoichiometric ratio of 1:1. The values that were estimated from the van't Hoff plot for ΔH and (ΔS) were −36.8 kJ mol⁻¹ and −14.9 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively, which indicate that the STM-BSA complex is stabilized with hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. Synchronous fluorescence data was obtained at Δλ of 15 and 60 nm, where obtained results confirmed that STM binds to BSA at the tryptophan residue (Trp. 213). In addition, the distance between STM and the Trp. 213 was estimated via employing the Förster's non-radiative energy-transfer theory, and was found to be 2.73 nm, which in turn indicated that STM can bind to BSA with high probability.     

当代问候语变迁的心理基础透视

语言是生活的一面镜子 ,是社会的全息影像 ,问候语的变迁折射出社会巨变下人们心理动荡激变的轨迹。从问候语称谓、内容、语调、格调的变化 ,我们可以看到社会变迁及人的思想观念、价值取向的变迁