有限厚度砂床对波浪载荷的响应

本文采用水-土两相介质混合物的连续介质力学理论分析了有限厚度砂床对波浪载荷的响应。土床看作饱和孔隙弹性介质,用Biot理论来描述流动和变形的耦合效应,波浪用线性水波描述。在上述假设下得到了描述土床对波浪载荷响应的基本方程。用解沂-数值方法给出了土床中位移、应力和孔隙水压力的分布并将理沦计算结果与波浪-砂床模型试验的实验资料进行了比较。文章还对影响土床对波浪响应的参量特性进行了分析和讨论。根据参量研究、理论计算与实验资料比较的结果,可以得出结论:本文所提供的理论模型和计算方法能用来估算海床对波浪载荷的影响。     

瞬态温度场作用下冰载荷计算

给出了关于冰的粘弹性微分本构模型的广义变分原理和冰载荷计算的有限元方法。修正的增量粘弹性矩阵有效地加速了迭代过程，计算了瞬态温度场下冰内压应力分布及对结构物作用力。其结果与实测数据定性吻合。     

西班牙Quinton海洋水生命元素测定及功能评价

目的应用电感耦合等离体子质谱(ICP-MS)检测法测定西班牙Quinton海洋水中的生命元素(该文特指人体所需的宏量元素和微量元素)。方法建立电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICPMS)法同时测定Quinton海洋水中21种生命元素含量的分析方法。结果方法检出限为0.01~0.10μg/mL,元素加标回收率为94.12%~104.35%,相对标准偏差为0.3%~12.2%。结论方法简单、快速、准确,适用于海洋水中多元素含量同时测定。并用元素含量评价Quinton海洋水的特性和功能。     

Screening the thermal stability of carotenoids-α lactalbumin complex by spectroscopic and molecular modeling approach

Sea buckthorn is a natural food ingredient rich in carotenoids, tocopherols, sterols, flavonoids, lipids, vitamins, tannins and minerals. In this study, we investigated the themostability of the complex formed between α-lactalbumin (α-LA) with carotenoids from sea buckthorn berries extract (CSB) in the temperature range of 25°C to 100°C. The heat induced conformational changes of the α-LA-CSB complex were studied by using fluorescence and molecular modeling techniques. Phase diagram indicated the presence of more than one structurally distinct species as an indicator that temperature influenced the conformation of α-LA. Intrinsic fluorescence studies revealed that carotenoids trapped into the core of α-LA do not bind in locations close to tryptophan (Trp) residues. The synchronous spectra indicated that the interaction between α-LA and CSB had no apparent influence on the local conformation of Trp and tyrosine (Tyr) microenvironments within protein structure. Quenching studies with acrylamide showed that Trp residues had the highest exposure at 80°C, being least accessible to quencher at 60°C. In agreement with the fluorescence spectroscopy observations, the in silico analysis at single molecules level indicated a significant increase of 46.42 Å² and 80.07 Å² of the total accessible surface area of Trp and Tyr residues, respectively with the temperature increase from 25°C to 90°C. Concerning the thermodynamic properties of the α-LA-β-carotene model, the molecular modeling results indicate that the thermal treatment is not favorable for preserving the stability of the complex.     

Micro‐ and Nano‐Liquid Phases Coexistent with Ice as Separation and Reaction Media.

Ice has a variety of scientifically interesting features, some of which have not been reasonably interpreted despite substantial efforts by researchers. Most chemical studies of ice have focused on the elucidation of its physicochemical nature and its roles in the natural environment. Ice often contains impurities, such as salts, and in such cases, a liquid phase coexists with solid ice over a wide temperature range. This impure ice also acts as a cryoreactor, governing the circulation of chemical species of environmental importance. Reactions and phenomena occurring in this liquid phase show features different from those seen in normal bulk aqueous solutions. In the present account, we discuss the chemical characteristics of the liquid phase that develops in a frozen aqueous phase and show how novel analytical systems can be designed based on he features of the liquid phase which are predictable in some cases but unpredictable in others.     

Variation in the wave resistance of an amphibian air-cushion vehicle moving over a broken-ice field

The nonstationary rectilinear motion of an amphibian air-cushion vehicle (AACV) on a water surface covered with finely broken ice is considered for various modes of velocity variation. The influence of the water depth, flotation parameters, and mode of motion on the wave resistance of the vehicle is analyzed. Maneuvering methods for increasing or decreasing the wave resistance of AACVs are proposed. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 97–102, January–February, 2007.     

Mathematical Modeling for One New Method of Breaking Ice Cover

The spatial problem of determining the stress-strain state of an ice plate of finite thickness broken by a patented method is solved using the theory of small elastoplastic strains and a proven numerical method. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 139–146, March–April, 2006.     

斜面结构冰荷载的动荷效应

利用改进的刚性梁模型进行了斜面结构冰荷载的动荷效应，推导了冰力的动荷系统，算例得到了与模型试验值和数值解相近的结果，依据分析对试验观察到的规律给出了理论上的证明和定性的解释，给出了准静态冰力条件的判别式。     

Role of nonlocal exchange in molecular crystals: The case of two proton‐ordered phases of ice

We present a periodic density functional theory investigation of twoproton‐ordered phases of ice. Their equilibrium lattice parameters,relative stabilities, formation energies, and densities of states havebeen evaluated. Nine exchange‐correlation functionals, representativeof the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), global hybrids,range‐separated hybrids, meta‐GGA, and hybrid meta‐GGA families havebeen taken into account, considering two oxygen basis sets. Althoughthe hydrogen‐bond network of ice is well reproduced at the B3LYP,M06‐L, or LC‐ wPBE levels, formation energies are only correctlyevaluated with the two former functionals. Band gaps on the other handare only quantitatively reproduced at the B3LYP level. These resultsindicate that this last functional, a de facto reference formolecular calculations, gives in average the most accurate results forthe considered ice properties. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011