大气对星载盐度计辐射传输特性及盐度反演的影响研究

利用MPM93模型, 根据微波辐射传输方程, 仿真不同天气情况下的L波段大气辐射参数及盐度计观测亮温, 并用最大似然估计法反演海表盐度, 研究不同天气情况对海表盐度反演值的影响。仿真结果表明: 考虑了悬浮液滴影响的云、雾及霾情形的大气辐射参数与晴空时差别不大, 可以忽略天气的影响。然而, 降雨对大气辐射参数的影响不可忽略, 并且随着降雨率的增加, 盐度反演误差明显增大。在降雨率不变的情况下, 盐度反演误差随着海表温度增加而减小, 在盐度低值时误差较小。盐度反演误差随海表气温的升高呈现先变大后变小的趋势, 受海面风速、海面气压以及海面水汽密度的影响极小。     

全天候海冰气象监测系统可靠性研究

目的】为了减少海冰对平台生产所造成的影响,JZ9-3海域首次引用了全天候海冰气象监测系统。为了确保系统的正常运行,需要对系统进行可靠性评估。【方法】采用动态模糊故障树法,对全天候海冰气象监测系统的可靠性进行评估,同时提出初步的预防措施。【结果】通过应用动态模糊故障树对系统可靠性进行评估,获取了系统的薄弱环节,并提出了有效措施对薄弱环节加以控制。【结论】通过研究,有效地提高了系统的可靠性,这也是动态模糊故障树在国内的首次应用,为未来动态模糊故障树的广泛应用奠定基础。     

Monitoring of Fe,Mn, Cu,Pb and Cd levels in two brown macroalgae from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast

Heavy metal contents (Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Cd) were determined in two brown macroalgal species (Cystoseira crinita and Cystoseira barbata). Samples were collected during six seasons from spring 1996 to summer 2000 from five different sites of the Bulgarian Black Sea coastal zone – Tuzlata, Ravda, Sozopol, Ahtopol and Sinemoretz. The local and seasonal metal distribution and their variations were examined.

The data obtained indicate that the two investigated species demonstrate various degrees of metal accumulation and can be used as indicators for the type and quantity of anthropogenic contamination in marine ecosystems.     

Polyhydroxamic Acid Sorbents for Uranium Recovery

Crosslinked polyacrylamides were synthesized by solution polymerization using benzoyl peroxide as the radical initiator. The water–insoluble polymer obtained was functionalized by reacting with hydroxylamine to convert the amide group into hydroxamic acid group. The resultant functionalized polymer was characterized in terms of moisture uptake, elemental composition, IR spectra, thermal stability, exchange capacity and heavy metal sorption. The sorbent, obtained in particulate form, was investigated for its sorption properties with respect to uranium from uranyl nitrate solutions under unstirred batch conditions. This paper will concentrate on preparation, characterization and performance evaluation with respect to uranium sorption as a function of concentration, time, solution pH and temperature. The potential of this sorbent for uranium and other heavy metal ion recovery from sea water is ascertained.     

利用伪速度方法压制浅海鬼波

采用基于用传统方法获取的海上单分量地震资料, 估算出同一位置速度的垂直分量(伪速度), 再与单分量压力数据联合, 达到压制鬼波的目的。将稀疏约束的反卷积方法作为鬼波压制的关键环节, 使得在浅海环境下, 由海水表面引起的检波器端上、下行波干涉产生的陷波问题得到改善, 同时低频能量得到增强, 提高了数据的分辨率。该方法可用于海上单分量压力数据的再处理, 拓宽数据的频带范围。     

北海航道班轮运输排班模型的构建与求解

首先,以拟开通的大连港至鹿特丹港北海航道班轮航线为研究对象,以油耗和运营成本最小化为优化目标,将官方已有记载的北海航道通过的货船航速数据输入Eureqa软件,得到航行最高速度f(x)与进入北海航道时间t的拟合度最好的函数公式.在此基础上,构建了北海航道班轮运输排班的数学模型;其次,在仿真实例分析中,选用了5000TEU的集装箱船作为计算参数,将捕食搜索算法运用到数学模型求解之中,并且运用MATLAB软件进行求解,在最快航速受限的前提下,得到单艘班轮最佳往返时间和相同型号班轮的最低配置数目以及在服务周期内班轮公司所要付出的最低运营成本;最后,通过比较研究,得出结论是:最快航速的提高,对于降低北海航线班轮运输的运营成本将起较大作用.     

Novel marine-based gold nanocatalyst in solvent-free synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives: Green and sustainable protocol

We report an ecofriendly synthetic approach for the fabrication of biogenic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using electron-rich sea cucumber extract as a bio-reductant and stabilizing agent in reducing gold cations into AuNPs at the optimal conditions. The produced AuNPs are spherical in shape with an average particle size of 11 ± 1.5 nm in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and exhibited a crystal structure of face-centered cubic in X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Our results indicated that bioinspired AuNPs demonstrate superior catalytic activity in the safe and facile one-pot synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives under solvent-free reaction conditions. This green route encompasses multiple benefits including highly recyclable bioinspired catalyst (5 cycles), short reaction times, convenient workout, high to excellent product yields (82%–97%), and nonhazardous conditions.     

海堤渗压神经网络分布模型的建立及规律分析

为有效揭示海堤渗压的分布特征,掌握其在临海工作环境下的特殊规律,在利用神经网络建模优点的同时,采用多测点渗压监控信息,并将测点坐标因素加入到输入层,综合前期潮位因子、积分型降雨因子、时效因子,形成海堤渗压神经网络安全监控分布模型结构,以实测信息进行建模训练计算;在获得合理训练结果基础上,根据输入层因子补充插入坐标样本,获得不同位置的渗压模型值及渗压分布曲线.文中以广义回归神经网络为例,结合浦东海堤实测资料,以实例说明以上述方法在神经网络不提供显式的情况下,建立可获得分布曲线的监控模型,并以此对海堤渗压分布规律特色加以分析.     

南大西洋至几内亚湾冬季海浪传播特性

为解决南大西洋至几内亚湾海域的海浪组成成分、传播特性及来源这3个该海域一直需要解决的问题，建立SWAN （Simulating WAves Nearshore）双层嵌套海浪模型对南大西洋至几内亚湾冬季海浪时空分布进行模拟分析，结果表明：南大西洋海浪有效波高呈高纬度区（30°S以南）向低纬度区（30°S以北）递减的趋势 ，高纬度区海浪传播方向与风场关系密切，低纬度区则与风场差异明显；南大西洋涌浪波高与混合浪波高分布高度相关，涌浪在混合浪中所占比例较大，尤其在风速较小的低纬度海域更为显著；南大西洋中部至几内亚湾存在相对固定的S-SW涌浪系统，其能量在二维海浪谱上分布集中，空间方向上分布范围较窄；模拟时段内几内亚湾呈明显的涌浪主导状态，通过对有效波高最大时刻的一次涌浪过程溯源发现，影响几内亚湾的涌浪可追溯至约6.5天前南大西洋咆哮西风带海域的强风浪。     

特殊地理形态下的胶东传统民居——以烟台养马岛古村落为例

民居的形成和发展受到很多因素的制约,如自然因素、社会文化因素、经济因素和技术因素等.其中对于一些特殊地理形态下的民居,自然因素的影响就更为明显,以烟台养马岛为例,通过对胶东传统民居在山、海、岛的特殊地理形态下所形成的独具一格的建筑形态的描述,从"山地"、"滨海"、"岛居"3个方面分析自然环境对于民居形成与发展的重要影响...