The topology of energy hypersurfaces III. The fundamental group of reaction mechanisms on potential energy hypersurfaces

The family of all possible reaction mechanisms on a potential surface has an algebraic structure with potential applications in quantum chemical molecular design and synthesis planning.Transformation properties and equivalence relations of reaction paths on potential energy hypersurfaces lead to a topological definition of reaction mechanisms. The family of all fundamental reaction mechanisms on the hypersurface has a group structure,the fundamental group of an appropriately defined topological space. Isomorphism and homomorphism relations between fundamental groups of reaction mechanisms are used to characterize the chemically important topological properties of various subsets of a hypersurface, or those of different excited state hypersurfaces.     

Anaerobic reduction of a sulfonated azo dye, Congo Red, by sulfate-reducing bacteria

The capacity for anaerobic decolorization of a sulfonated azo dye, Congo Red, by a strain of a sulfate-reducing bacterium was evaluated. After optimizing the growth rate of the bacteria on a simple carbon source and terminal electron acceptor pair, lactate and sulfate, respectively, the effect of the dye concentration on their growth rate was analyzed. The decolorization rate was affected by the dye concentration in the growth medium. The azo-bond cleavage mechanism of reductive decolorization with the formation of benzidine was consistent with the results, as this metabolite was identified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Several fractions of the culture medium, including lysed cell extracts, were examined for the capacity to reduce the azo dye. This reduction capacity was found in the culture medium in which the cells had previously grown. The results showed that the mechanism of reductive decolorization of this sulfonated azo dye was extracellular and nonenzymatic, consistent with the production of sulfide anion by the microorganisms while growing on lactate and sulfate. The sulfide anions were the cause of the reduction leading to the disappearance of color in the medium. To increase the rate of decolorization, the presence of ferrous ion was also necessary together with the lactate and sulfate substrates.     

公路网现状综合评价

为了提高公路网现状综合评价在实际应用中的可操作性和有效性，针对公路网现状优劣判断的相对性，探讨了公路网综合评价的相对性，研究了用于横向比较和纵向比较的综合评价体系。以吉林省2002年现状公路网方案综合评价为例，讨论了两种不同评价尺度的公路网现状综合评价体系，并使指标选择、评价结果的表现形式与评价目的相互适应。结果表明，该评价方法用于公路网现状综合评价能够客观反映现状公路网的总体状况，为公路网规划提供有效的决策信息。     

纵轴式悬臂掘进机断面成形控制基础研究

以EBJ-132A型纵轴式悬臂掘进机为例,在分析其截割部主要构造和工作特点的基础之上,建立了悬臂式掘进机在截割作业时,其主要工作机构参数与巷道断面尺寸之间的数学模型,并针对实际生产中几种常见的巷道断面形状,分别编制了相应的工作机构参数计算程序,同时在计算机上显示出了和实际情况相符合的截割头截割作业包络线图,验证了数学模型的正确性。     

Matlab在区域大气环境规划中的应用

通过具体案例研究了Matlab软件在大气环境质量现状评价、高架点源污染物扩散高斯模拟、城市能源系统优化等领域的应用，展示其在区域大气环境规划中的应用潜力．最后总结了该软件在区域大气环境规划研究中的优势及今后进一步研究的方向．     

情景模型法及其在坐便器设计中的应用

介绍了情景模型研究法及其在产品设计中的应用，并提供了坐便器的设计案例，在其设计中情景模型方法起到了指导作用。情景模型法为产品设计者提供了分析与研究人的因素的有效辅助手段。情景模型是对传统人机工程学方法有价值的追加，是有效的标准研究模型与交流工具。在启发以使用者为中心的设计思想、从使用者的角度评价设计方案、在使用过程中展示产品的角色等方面都十分有效。尤其在产品设计的早期阶段，这样的努力将有助于确立以使用者为中心的设计。     

从德国城乡建设的经验看江苏省城市化战略的实施

通过对德国城市化历史过程探究,以及对德国城市规划指导思想和规划管理架构的研究分析,结合德国目前的城市现代化的最新发展,从中寻找出一些规律.提出城市化的实质是人的现代化,是人的生产方式、生活方式、价值观念的现代化.结合江苏省的省情和城市化实践,提出了对江苏省城乡建设的十点启示和建议.     

新时期区域城镇体系可持续发展规划初探

区域城镇体系随着经济发展不断进行着演变.主要分析了经济飞速发展的新时期,可持续发展理念下区域城镇体系规划的原理和思路、方法,提出了区域城镇体系规划在可持续发展理念下的实现目标.     

统筹城乡经济社会发展:解决“三农”问题的重大战略

统筹城乡经济社会发展是解决“三农”问题、实现城乡经济良性循环的必然选择;是解决“三农”问题的重大创新;是全面建设小康社会内在要求的深刻体现。我们要通过深化改革,改变城乡二元结构,建立平等和谐的城乡关系,推进城乡经济社会统筹发展。     

我国建设生态居住社区的对策

生态居住社区是近年来提出的概念 ,是我国当代居住社区发展的一种新趋向 .为此 ,分析了生态居住社区的内涵 ,并在借鉴国内外最新研究成果的基础上 ,从设计和规划方面提出了建设生态居住社区的对策