沙田柚和酸柚花粉壁蛋白的双向电泳分析

采摘沙田柚(Citrusgrandisvar.shatinyuHort)以及野生酸柚(CitrusgrandisL.)盛花期的雄花,将两者的花粉放入冷的pH6.7,1%NaCl缓冲液[10%蔗糖,0.45mmol/LCa2+(CaCl2·6H2O),1.63mmol/LB(H3BO3)],分别在5,10,20,30,40,50,60,180min时间提取后抽滤,滤液含壁蛋白.双向电泳(IEF/SDS-PAGE)对沙田柚和酸柚花粉壁不同时间蛋白提取物进行比较分析.结果表明,两者的蛋白质分布格局明显不同:沙田柚花粉壁的蛋白质斑点主要分布于pH7.2～5.8之间,而酸柚的花粉壁蛋白质斑点密集于pH8.0～6.5和pH5.8～4.0两个区域范围之间;就相对分子质量分布区域而言,沙田柚花粉壁的蛋白质斑点主要密集于14.4～43.0ku,而酸柚在20.1～43.0ku和66.2～97.4ku两个区域内分布有较多的蛋白质斑点.     

A new abietane diterpenoid glycoside from ajuga ovalifolia var. calantha

A new abietane diterpenoid glycoside, ajugaside B (1), along with three known compounds (2–4), were isolated from the whole plants of Ajuga ovalifolia var. calantha. The structure of the new compound (1) was elucidated by means of spectroscopic analyses (HRESIMS, IR, NMR and ECD). All of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antitumor activities against MGC803, MCF-7, A549, HT29 and HepG2 cell lines. Compounds 3–4 showed moderate cytotoxicity against all tested cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 1.8–7.3?μM.     

A new indole-type alkaloid from the roots of Clematis florida var. plena

One new indole-type alkaloid, α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D- glucopyranosyl 6-methoxy-3-indolecarbonate (1), together with three known alkaloids (2–4), one aromatic acid (5) and five known saponins (6–10), was isolated from the roots of Clematis florida var. plena. Their structures were established by NMR spectroscopic analysis and acid hydrolysis. In in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, n-butanol extract was found to be potent against ear edema in mice, with inhibition rate of 48.7% at a dose of 800?mg/kg. Furthermore, compounds 8 and 9 obtained from the n-butanol extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities with inhibition rates of 50.9% and 54.7% at a dose of 200?mg/kg.     

毛葱的镉吸收积累及亚细胞分布特征

采用营养液培养法、亚细胞组分差速分离技术和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱技术(ICP-AES),研究不同浓度Cd2+(1、10、100μmol/L)胁迫下,毛葱幼苗不同部位Cd、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn等金属元素吸收积累的特点,以及根和叶中Cd的亚细胞分布状况.结果表明:(1)随着营养液中Cd2+浓度的增加,毛葱根、茎、叶各器官中Cd的含量均显著增加,Cd主要集中在根部,向地上部分的运输量很少;(2)Cd的吸收积累改变了根、茎、叶中Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn等矿质元素的含量;(3)叶和根各亚细胞组分中Cd的含量为:细胞壁组分细胞质可溶性组分细胞核、叶绿体组分线粒体组分;(4)随着营养液中Cd2+浓度的增加,细胞壁和细胞质组分中Cd增加的幅度远远大于线粒体、细胞核和叶绿体组分,Cd在细胞壁和细胞质组分中的分配比例呈上升趋势,在线粒体、细胞核及叶绿体中的比例呈下降趋势.这说明植物吸收的Cd主要积累在根部,细胞水平上,多数的Cd被细胞壁沉淀螯合和液泡区室化,避免了Cd对新陈代谢旺盛的亚细胞组分的影响.     

New stereoselective synthesis of thiamphenicol and florfenicol from enantiomerically pure cyanohydrin: a chemo-enzymatic approach

Thiamphenicol and florfenicol have been synthesized stereoselectively from enantiomerically pure 4-methylsulfanyl-mandelonitrile, which was obtained by hydrocyanation reaction of 4-methylsulfanyl-benzaldehyde catalyzed by (R)-hydroxynitrile lyase of Badamu (Prunus communis L. var. dulcis Borkh, almond from Xinjiang, China). It was found to be a highly effective bio-catalyst for this reaction after an extensive screening.     

Pyrolysis of poly(phenylene vinylene)s with polycaprolactone side chains

The thermal degradation characteristics of a new macromonomer poly(-caprolactone) with central 4,4′-dicarbaldehyde terphenyl moieties and poly(phenylene vinylene)s with well defined (-caprolactone), (PPV/PCL) as lateral substituents were investigated via direct pyrolysis mass spectrometry. The unexpectedly high thermal stability of the macromonomer was attributed to intermolecular acetylation of benzaldehyde yielding a hemiacetal and causing a crosslinked structure during the pyrolysis. Increased thermal stability of the PCL chains was detected for all samples. The increase in stability of PCL chains was much more pronounced than was detected for poly(p-phenylene)-graft-poly(-caprolactone) copolymer (PPP/PCL); the upward temperature shift was about 100 °C for PPV/PCL and only 20 °C for PPP/CL. This pronounced effect may be due to higher thermal stability of PPV compared to PPP and the decrease in steric hindrance for PPV with PCL side chains.