基于多元统计学的青稞HPLC指纹图谱研究

为了筛选品质良好的青稞,选择不同产地的10批青稞样品,建立了青稞的高效液相指纹图谱,并进行了聚类分析和主成分分析,测定了儿茶素、表儿茶素和芦丁3种指标成分的含量.首先采用高效液相色谱法测得了10批青稞的色谱图,建立其共有模式,确定了11个共有峰,蓝青稞指标成分含量均高于白青稞.对共有峰数据进行聚类分析和主成分分析,10...     

同时蒸馏萃取GC-MS分析刺异叶花椒叶挥发油化学成分

研究黔产刺异叶花椒叶挥发油的化学成分,采用同时蒸馏萃取提取并用气相色谱-质谱进行分离测定,共分离出67种成分,鉴定出37个化合物,主要成分为萜烯化合物及其衍生物,柠檬烯为19．31％,里哪醇为15．26％,桧烯为13．60％。     

一株产1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)枯草芽孢杆菌黑色变种的诱变育种研究

1-脱氧野尻霉素(1-Deoxynojirimycin,DNJ)是一种哌啶生物碱,是α-葡萄糖苷酶的强抑制剂,具有降低餐后血糖、抗肿瘤转移和抗病毒等作用.目前工业生产的DNJ主要是从桑叶中提取的,价格昂贵.为了获得DNJ的稳定高产菌株,本文通过对产DNJ枯草芽孢杆菌黑色变种(Bacillus subtilis var.niger)分别采用紫外线诱变、亚硝基胍诱变和60 Coγ射线诱变方法,得到发酵培养液DNJ表达量达20.7mg/L的菌株,其表达量较初始菌株产量提高了27.7%,并对细菌的DNJ合成代谢相关基因进行了克隆和测序,菌株命名为B-231.     

单叶蔓荆果实挥发油成分与性质和黄酮含量的研究

测定了蔓荆子的挥发油、黄酮的含量；并测定了挥发油的比重、折光率、光泽等物理性状；采用ＧＣ－ＭＳ联用仪测定了挥发油的主要成分。结果表明：预处理方法对挥发油产率有较明显的影响；产地对挥发油及黄酮的产率有极为明显的影响；分布于不同地区的药材其挥发油的物理性质也有明显的差异。产于泰安的药材分离出３８个化合物，检出３６个，产于威海的药材分离并检出２６个化合物。     

Three Novel Terpenoids from Schisandra pubescens var. pubinervis

Three new terpenoids, pubinernoids A–C ( 1 – 3 ), together with six known sesquiterpenoids, were isolated from the leaves and stems of Schisandra pubescens var. pubinervis. The structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, including application of 2D‐NMR spectroscopic techniques. A plausible formation of the sesquiterpenoid 2 is proposed (Scheme 2), starting from guaianediol ( 4 ) as the biogenetic precursor, which was also present in the extract.     

Synthetic and biological studies on a cyclopolypeptide of plant origin

Objective： A natural cyclic peptide previously isolated from Citrus medica was synthesized by coupling of tetrapeptide units Boc-Leu-Pro-Trp-Leu-OMe and Boc-Ile-Ala-Ala-Gly-OMe after proper deprotection at carboxyl and amino terminals followed by cyclization of linear octapeptide segment. Methods： Solution phase technique was adopted for the synthesis of cyclooctapeptide-sarcodactylamide. Required tetrapeptide units were prepared by coupling of Boc-protected dipeptides viz. Boc-Leu-Pro-OH and Boc-Ile-Ala-OH with respective dipeptide methyl esters Trp-Leu-OMe and Ala-Gly-OMe. Cyclization of linear octapeptide unit was done by p-nitrophenyl ester method. The structure of synthesized cyclopolypeptide was elucidated by FTIR, ^1H NMR, ^13C NMR, FABMS spectral data and elemental analysis. The newly synthesized peptide was evaluated for dif- ferent pharmacological activities including antimicrobial, anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities. Results： Synthesis of sarcodactylamide was accomplished with 〉78% yield utilizing dicyclohexylcarbodiimide （DCC） as coupling agent. Newly synthesized peptide possessed potent cytotoxic activity against Dalton＇s lymphoma ascites （DLA） and Ehrlich＇s ascites carcinoma （EAC） cell lines, in addition to moderate anthelmintic activity against earthworms Megascoplex konkanensis, Pontoscotex corethruses and Eudrilus sp. Moreover, cyclopolypeptide displayed good antimicrobial activity against pathogenic fungi Candida albicans and Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in comparison to standard drugs griseofulvin and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion： Solution phase technique employing DCC and triethylamine （TEA） as base proved to be effective for the synthesis of natural cyclooctapeptide. N-methyl morpholine （NMM） was found to be a better base for the cyclization of linear octapeptide unit in comparison to TEA and pyridine.     

悬浮培养红豆杉细胞团区域化与营养生理的关系

通过对悬浮培养的南方红豆杉（Ｔaxus chinensis var.Mairei)细胞团切片及胞内淀粉颗粒染色等形态学上的系统观察,发现细胞团从里向外呈现不同层次,淀粉颗粒主要分布在细胞外层。对胞内淀粉、可溶性蛋白、细胞生物量和紫杉醇产量进行动态测定,表明细胞干重与胞内淀 粉和蛋白量呈正相关,从对淀粉代谢情况看,可以初步认为细胞团不同层次细胞周围营养物质的浓度梯度是细胞形态与功能分化的重要原因。     

内蒙古石竹属的分类和分布

1978年出版的“内蒙古植物志”第二卷中石竹属收载了2种,2变种。经过研究,本文记载了内蒙古境内分布的本属植物4种,3变种,其中发現1个新变种——毛簇茎石竹Dianthus repens z.var.scabri pilosus Y.Z.Zhao。在内蒙古境内,本属植物的区系地理成分主要是欧、亚大陆以及北美洲广泛分布的古北极或泛北极成分,只在本区的东南部渗入1种东亚成分,此外没有其它特殊的区系地理成分,本属植物主要分布在内蒙古的森林区和草原区,在荒漠区几乎没有它们的分布。     

黄芪及其变种的花粉学研究

作者用扫描电镜研究了七株黄芪及其变种的花粉形态.该七株个体的花粉形态归为花粉粒长球形、大小为24.1×14.8μm,萌发沟细窄、沟膜不伸展和花粉粒球形、大小为18.7×17.1μm、萌发沟较宽、沟膜伸展等两类,而黄芪和其变种各自都包含了这两种花粉类型.黄芪的两种花粉类型与子房被毛与否有一定的联系.此外,本文讨论了花粉学与分类学之间相关性的重要性.     

盘星藻属一新变种

本文报道盘星藻属一新变种,即二角盘星藻短刺变种Pediatrum duplex ver. spineum S.S. Wang, var. nov.