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51.
三峡水库涨落带植被重建模式初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对三峡水库涨落带的成因、类型、主要特征、水位周期变化、植被状况、可能演化趋势及植被重建可行性等进行了系统分析,并在此基础上对三峡水库涨落带植被重建模式进行了探讨。 相似文献
52.
根据人工模拟降雨试验,在不同植被配置的坡面上,研究了黄土丘陵区坡面不同植被配置对入渗、产流产沙的影响。结果表明,在小雨强下,不同植被配置的稳渗率大小差别较大;随着雨强的增大,不同植被配置的稳渗率大小差别变小。不同雨强下,5种不同植被配置的坡面基本上都在5min内达到稳渗。不同植被配置坡面流含沙量均呈缓慢下降趋势。并且在小雨强下,不同植被配置坡面径流含沙量的下降趋势较为平缓;在大雨强下,累积产沙量曲线的斜率也越大。 相似文献
53.
新疆和田地区土地沙漠化原因及其对策分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
土地沙漠化是全世界共同面临的一个重大的环境与社会经济问题.新疆和田地区自然条件恶劣,生态环境脆弱,环境灾害多发,土地沙漠化不断加剧,沙进人退的形势日趋严峻,严重制约着当地经济和社会的可持续发展.文章从多个侧面阐述了该地区土地沙漠化的原因,并提出了相应的对策和建议. 相似文献
54.
本文通过在武夷山自然保护区内实习观察武夷山植被(以黄岗山为重点)和收集到的一些资料,分析武夷山的山地植被垂直地带性分布特点,并对亚热带中山草甸、矮林和旗状树的成因作一番探讨。 相似文献
55.
黄羊滩沙地的形成及其对北京沙尘暴天气的影响 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
对黄羊滩沙地进行物质成分分析、粒度分析和扫描电镜观察,结果表明:黄羊滩沙地的物质具有二源性特征,分别来源于黄羊滩洪积台地洪积物和洋河冲积物.根据沙地发育条件和历史过程,认为黄羊滩沙地不会有大的扩展.以粒度数据为基础,估算出黄羊滩沙地沙丘φ值大于4的沙尘年平均输出量为7.98×102 t*a-1,φ值大于7的沙尘年平均输出量为3.23×102 t*a-1,占年沙尘输出量的40.5%.北京沙尘暴沙尘组分以φ值大于6.8的为主,黄羊滩沙地对北京沙尘暴天气的沙尘有一定的贡献量. 相似文献
56.
Based on the NOAA advanced very high resolution radiometer (NOAA-AVHRR) remote sensing data of 1982 — 1999. the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) reflecting the surface vegetation cover has been obtained. Using the empirical orthogonal function analysis, the temporal-spatial eigenvectors of NDVI are given, and the characteristics of the spatial distribution of vegetation cover and its temporal variation together with the desertification of China are analyzed. It is found that the surface vegetation cover has seriously deteriorated in most part of China since 1995. along with the intensified desertification. All these are mainly caused by human activities although the climate change is responsible for the damage of surface vegetation cover to some extent. 相似文献
57.
论戈壁荒漠生态区植被的若干基本特征 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
戈壁荒漠生态区是亚非荒漠的一个组成部分.在漫长的自然历史演化过程中,戈壁荒漠塑造了自己独特的植物生态类群、协调适应的层片结构、奇异的群落组合以及宏观上呈巨型同心环带状展布的植被水平格局和大大地简化了的山地植被垂直带谱.从而构成了亚洲中部独有的戈壁荒漠景观. 相似文献
58.
SUN AiZhi MAYuZhen FENG ZhaoDong LI Fei WU HuiNing 《科学通报(英文版)》2007,52(8):1080-1088
A pollen record from Haiyuan section in the southern part of Ningxia revealed a detailed history of vegetation variation and associated climate changes during the period from~13.0 to~7.0 14 C ka BP.A steppe landscape under a moderately dry(and probably cool)condition(~12.7-~12.1 14 C ka BP)was replaced by a coniferous forest dominating the landscape under a generally wet climate from~12.1 to ~11.01 4C ka BP.This generally wet period,corresponding to the European B?lling/All?rod period,can be divided into three stages:a cool and wet stage between~12.1 and~11.4 14 C ka BP,a mild and rela- tively dry stage between~11.4 and~11.2 14 C ka BP,and a mild and wet stage between~11.2 and~11.0 14 C ka BP.The coniferous forest-dominated landscape was then deteriorated into steppe landscape (~11.0-~10.6 14 C ka BP)and further into a desert steppe landscape from~10.6 to~9.8 14 C ka BP,being correspondent to the European Younger Dryas period.After a brief episode of a cool and wet climate (~9.8-~9.6 14 C ka BP),a relatively mild and dry condition prevailed during the early Holocene(~9.6- ~7.6 14 C ka BP)and then a warm and humid climate started the mid-Holocene(~7.6-~7.2 14 C ka BP). 相似文献
59.
WU Hua TAO Heping LU Yuan 《武汉大学学报:自然科学英文版》2007,12(4):715-720
The eco-environmental frangibility is studied by choosing the factors of land use class change and vegetation cover rate, and the equation of eco-environmental frangibility and its evaluation system are established based on remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system technology (GIS). Four different years of TM images are selected to calculate land use change grads and vegetation cover rate, and the relationship between the two factors and eco-environment frangibility index are build, taking Fuzhou as an example. The character of times change and space distribution of eco-environment frangibility are described. The result indicates the area of eco-environment frangibility increased 2.6% in Fuzhou during twelve years, and expands from the region between infield and forest land to forest land in space distribution. 相似文献
60.
黄大明柳小妮 宋百敏陈俊 Masae Shiyomi 王昱生 Shigeo Takahashi Yoshimichi Hori Yasuo Yamamura 《清华大学学报》2007,12(4):413-423
The vegetation spatial heterogeneity and ecological characteristics in different soil regions were analyzed by surveying the vegetation in 12 different soil regions of Inner Mongolia, China, including conifer- ous-broadleaf deciduous forests, shrub, grassland, and desert regions with 1122 large 2 cm × 2 cm quad- rats (actual size 30 km × 30 km, referred to as L-quadrat hereafter) in about 1.18 million km2. Each L- quadrat was divided into four small 1 cm × 1 cm quadrats (actual size 15 km × 15 km, S-quadrat). The vegetation was analyzed based on the beta-binomial distribution to describe the frequency of occurrence and spatial heterogeneity for each kind of vegetation. The weighted average of the heterogeneity of all vegeta- tion in the same soil region provides a measure of the soil regional landscape level heterogeneity which de- scribes the spatial complexity of the regional landscape composition of the existing vegetation. Comparison of the vegetation characteristics in the 12 soil regions shows that, the calcic gray soil has the highest average vegetation type per quadrat. The largest soil region is calcic chestnut soil and has the most vegetation types. Every soil region has its own dominant vegetation sequence which dominates in occurrence and dominant vegetation types which dominates in spatial heterogeneity. For the Inner Mongolian vegetation, the weighted average of the heterogeneity is 0.60 and the vegetation diversity index is 4.47. 相似文献