浅析智能电能表的应用

电能表是专门用来测量电能累积值的仪表,可为电力企业提供收费依据。电能表经历了机械式电能表、机电一体电能表、电子式电能表、智能电能表的演变。介绍了智能电能表的功能及其个性化服务特点,论述了智能电能表的发展方向。     

数字式仪表在电磁学实验中的应用研究

分别通过惠斯通电桥测电阻实验、电位差计校表实验、霍尔效应测量磁场实验、冲击电流计测电容及高电阻实验对数字式仪表与指针式仪表进行了比较研究,详细阐述了用数字式仪表替代指针式仪表的优势,给出了每个题目具体的实验研究成果,总结了数字式仪表应用于电磁学实验的研究成果.     

基于游标时间测量方法的超声波热量表系统

为了提高超声波热量表的测量精度及降低功率损耗,设计了一种超声波热量袁。在超声波热量表的原理上,选用时间游标测量法、四线制引线方式和C8051F320单片机。实验结果表明,该设计出的超声波热量表功耗低、精度高,可持续工作7年。     

超音速火焰喷涂WC-Co涂层超高速磨削试验研究

为了解决超音速火焰喷涂WC涂层硬度高难以加工的问题,进行了超音速火焰喷涂WC涂层的超高速磨削试验,测量了不同磨削条件下的磨削力、表面粗糙度,观察了不同磨削条件下工件的表面微观形貌.结果表明,随着砂轮线速度的大幅度提高,即在高速超高速磨削条件下,涂层的磨削力、表面粗糙度都能得到明显的降低;同时涂层材料的去除方式更多的以塑性去除为主.总之在超高速磨削条件下,涂层工件的表面质量和磨削加工效率和砂轮的使用寿命都有明显提高。     

Gravity at sea--A memoir of a marine geophysicist

A history of studies on the gravity measurements at sea in Japan is reviewed with an emphasis on the contribution of the author. The first successful measurements at sea were made in 1923 by Vening Meinesz in the Netherlands using the pendulum apparatus installed in a submarine. However, the gravity measurements using a submarine are not convenient because the access to a submarine is limited. Professor Chuji Tsuboi made a number of unsuccessful attempts at developing a gravity meter that can be operated on a normal surface ship by reducing the noise by minimizing the motion of the gravity meter through a mechanical design. I have chosen a new approach toward the measurements of gravity on a surface ship by simplifying the mechanical part using a string gravity meter that was installed directly on a vertical gyroscope in combination with the numerical and/or electronic reduction of noises. With this gravity meter TSSG (Tokyo Surface Ship Gravity Meter), we firstly succeeded in measuring gravity at sea onboard a surface ship in July 1961 and the measurements have been extended to the northwestern Pacific and beyond. The results reveal the fine structures of gravity field in and around trenches that provide important clues as to a number of geodynamic issues including the nature of the trench-trench interaction and the interaction of trenches with seamounts.     

粗糙阴极气体火花开关性能的理论研究

提出了粗糙阴极的气体火花开关击穿模型,通过粗糙层厚度和场强增强系数对阴极粗糙度进行了描述,利用概率论研究开关的击穿情况,分析了气体压强对粗糙阴极气体火花开关稳定性、击穿场强随气压的变化曲线以及开关绝缘恢复速度的影响,研究发现当阴极相对于电子平均自由程足够粗糙时,开关具有最佳的稳定性,当阴极粗糙结构尺度与电子平均自由程相当时,开关具有最佳的绝缘恢复特性。     

磁控溅射制备Ni/Ti多层膜表面粗糙度

采用磁控溅射方法制备了周期数分别为10,30,50和75的Ni/Ti多层膜,利用X射线掠入射反射测量了多层膜表面和界面的状态,并用原子力显微镜测量了多层膜的表面粗糙度,研究了不同周期数的Ni/Ti多层膜表面粗糙度的变化规律。结果表明:Ni/Ti多层膜表面粗糙度随着膜层数增加而增加,当Ni/Ti多层膜的周期数从10变化到75时,其表面粗糙度由0.80 nm增大到1.69 nm。实验数据拟合表明:Ni/Ti多层膜表面粗糙度与周期数成3次方关系;但在周期数较小时,粗糙度与周期数成线性关系。     

放气系统流场的光学干涉测量

对于复杂的非定常流动,流场的测量往往要求无干扰、非接触,并且能够瞬时记录流场的信息。采用光干涉方法对放气系统流场的气压变化进行了测量。在加压法测量空气折射率的迈克尔逊双光束干涉实验装置中,引入特制激光功率计和孔状光阑,记录在自由放气过程中等倾条纹中心强度变化与时间的关系曲线,通过折射率与压强和质量流之间的对应关系,进行流场流速的无干扰、非接触的瞬时测量。实验证明这种测量方法响应度好,准确度高。     

激光微加工制作的微光纤珐-珀加速度传感器

将157nm激光微加工制作的微光纤珐-珀腔贴于悬臂梁结构构成加速度传感器。通过设计特定的悬臂梁结构和FFT方法,该加速度传感器的分辨率约为1．13mg／HZ1/2。通过采用MUSIC算法处理信号,信噪比可提高45dB,系统分辨率约为3．56×10^-2μg／Hz1/2。该微光纤珐一珀传感器具有可批量制作、成本低、抗高温、量程灵活等优点,有望应用于石油勘探、地震测量等领域中。     

A high-order cut-cell method for numerical simulation of hypersonic boundary-layer instability with surface roughness

Laminar-turbulent transition of hypersonic boundary layers can be affected significantly by the existence of surface roughness. Currently many important mechanisms of roughness-induced transition are not well understood. In recent years, direct numerical simulation (DNS) has been extensively applied for investigating instability and transition mechanisms of hypersonic boundary layers. Most of the past DNS studies, however, have been based on body-fitted grids for smooth surfaces without roughness. Due to complex geometry of embedded roughness, the use of body-fitted grids can be very difficult for flow with arbitrary surface roughness. In this paper, we present a new high-order cut-cell method to overcome the natural complexities in grid generation around arbitrary surface of roughness. The new method combines a non-uniform-grid finite-difference method for discrete grid points near the solid boundary and a shock-fitting method for the treatment of the bow shock. The non-uniform-grid finite-difference formulas are expressed in a general explicit form so that they can be applied to different multi-dimensional problems without any modification. The computational accuracy of new algorithms of up to O(h⁴) are tested on several one- and two-dimensional elliptic equations in irregular domains. In addition, the new method is applied to the simulation of the receptivity process of a Mach 5.92 flow over a flat plate under the combined effect of an isolated surface roughness element and surface blow and suction. A good agreement is found between the unsteady flow results and those obtained by a Linear Stability Theory (LST).