引信球转子动力学特性模拟试验

为了验证引信球转子理论分析的正确性,采用由激光打标机对旋转状态下转正运动过程中的引信球转子表面打标痕的方法设计了一种研究球转子运动的试验,测定了5种力学参数球转子的运动轨迹.试验和理论分析结果均表明球转子相对于其腔室的运动轨迹为空间螺旋线,球转子的解除保险运动受初始进动角、转动惯量差异及质心位置影响很大.通过减小球转子与其腔室之间的滑动摩擦将增长球转子的运动轨迹并减小动态平衡角,而加大球转子质心偏心会增大球转子的动态平衡角.     

燃气轮机齿轮耦合转子系统的动力学特性

在考虑滑动轴承的基础上,利用传递矩阵法分别建立了两单轴转子的弯曲振动分析模型,推导了人字齿轮耦合单元的传递矩阵,应用整体传递矩阵法建立了人字齿轮转子系统的弯扭耦合振动分析模型,对某燃气轮机齿轮-转子-轴承系统进行了振动特性分析。通过数值计算与分析,获得齿轮转子系统的特征值、对数衰减率及临界转速。结果表明该齿轮-转子-轴承系统的工作转速远离临界转速,具有工作的稳定性和安全性。     

Cyanoarylporphyrazines with High Viscosity Sensitivity: A Step towards Dosimetry-Assisted Photodynamic Cancer Treatment

Despite the significant relevance of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an efficient strategy for primary and adjuvant anticancer treatment, several challenges compromise its efficiency. In order to develop an “ideal photosensitizer” and the requirements applied to photosensitizers for PDT, there is still a need for new photodynamic agents with improved photophysical and photobiological properties. In this study, we performed a detailed characterization of two tetracyanotetra(aryl)porphyrazine dyes with 4-biphenyl (pz II) and 4-diethylaminophenyl (pz IV) groups in the periphery of the porphyrazine macrocycle. Photophysical properties, namely, fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime of both photosensitizers, demonstrate extremely high dependence on the viscosity of the environment, which enables them to be used as viscosity sensors. Pz II and pz IV easily enter cancer cells and efficiently induce cell death under light irradiation. Using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, we demonstrated the possibility of assessing local intracellular viscosity and visualizing viscosity changes driven by PDT treatment with the compounds. Thus, pz II and pz IV combine the features of potent photodynamic agents and viscosity sensors. These data suggest that the unique properties of the compounds provide a tool for PDT dosimetry and tailoring the PDT treatment regimen to the individual characteristics of each patient.     

异型卡式脚手架防坠落装置的设计与强度校验

针对现有的附着式升降脚手架防坠落装置存在的不足,根据脚手架的结构和安装位置,设计了一种基于速度控制的制动机构——异型卡式防坠落装置.该防坠落装置主要构件是异型卡子和多爪转子,异型卡子具有独特的形状结构.当脚手架慢速提升和下降时,多爪转子作逆时针或顺时针转动,而异型卡子仅小幅摆动;当脚手架急速坠落时,多爪转子与异型卡子互...     

随钻易冲蚀部件定子转子流场分析

针对随钻仪器受钻井液冲蚀后造成钻井系统性能不稳定、寿命短的问题,研究了冲蚀与磨损机理.通过有限元方法,计算出易冲蚀部件定子和转子的流场分布、表面压力及钻井液流动速度.结果表明:钻井液对部件冲蚀严重的位置在壁面曲线曲率突然改变的地方及应力场变化率较大的地方,为随钻仪器设计、优化、修复提供理论依据.     

组合转子管式光生物反应器气液两相流混合特性模拟研究

通过Fluent流场分析软件对组合转子管式光生物反应器气液两相流混合特性进行模拟。以欧拉多相流模型、k-ε湍流模型为依据,分别对无内置转子光管、内置两叶片转子管、内置翼片转子管在多种倾斜角度下的速度云图、旋流数、气含率、气相速度、湍动能进行分析。结果表明：内置组合转子能够提高流体湍动程度,促进流体混合传质;翼片转子由于其特殊的结构能够显著增加管式光生物反应器中的气含率,提高气液两相间传质效果,传质效果相较于两叶片转子管和光管分别提高53.7%和26.5%;随着管路倾角由0°增大至90°,流体平均湍动能逐渐增加,内置组合转子后平均湍动能增加更加明显,与两叶片转子相比,翼片转子在0°和30°情况下混合传质效果更好。     

Computational study on structures,thermochemical properties,and bond energies of disulfide oxygen (S–S–O)‐bridged CH3SSOH and CH3SS(=O)H and radicals

Cleavage of disulfide bonds is a common method used in linking peptides to proteins in biochemical reactions. The structures, internal rotor potentials, bond energies, and thermochemical properties (Δ_fH°, S°, and Cp(T)) of the S–S bridge molecules CH₃SSOH and CH₃SS(=O)H and the radicals CH₃SS?=O and C?H₂SSOH that correspond to H‐atom loss are determined by computational chemistry. Structure and thermochemical parameters (S° and Cp(T)) are determined using density functional Becke, three‐parameter, Lee–Yang–Parr (B3LYP)/6‐31++G (d, p), B3LYP/6‐311++G (3df, 2p). The enthalpies of formation for stable species are calculated using the total energies at B3LYP/6‐31++G (d, p), B3LYP/6‐311++G (3df, 2p), and the higher level composite CBS–QB3 levels with work reactions that are close to isodesmic in most cases. The enthalpies of formation for CH₃SSOH, CH₃SS(=O)H are ?38.3 and ?16.6 kcal mol^?1, respectively, where the difference is in enthalpy RSO–H versus RS(=O)–H bonding. The C–H bond energy of CH₃SSOH is 99.2 kcal mol^?1, and the O–H bond energy is weaker at 76.9 kcal mol^?1. Cleavage of the weak O–H bond in CH₃SSOH results in an electron rearrangement upon loss of the CH₃SSO–H hydrogen atom; the radical rearranges to form the more stable CH₃SS· = O radical structure. Cleavage of the C–H bond in CH₃SS(=O)H results in an unstable [CH₂SS(=O)H]* intermediate, which decomposes exothermically to lower energy CH₂ = S + HSO. The CH₃SS(=O)–H bond energy is quite weak at 54.8 kcal mol^?1 with the H–C bond estimated at between 91 and 98 kcal mol^?1. Disulfide bond energies for CH₃S–SOH and CH3S–S(=O)H are low: 67.1 and 39.2 kcal mol^?1. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Molecular Rotors of Coronene in Charge‐Transfer Solids

Ten types of neutral charge transfer (CT) complexes of coronene (electron donor; D) were obtained with various electron acceptors (A). In addition to the reported 7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) complex of 1:1 stoichiometry with a DA‐type alternating π column, TCNQ also afforded a 3:1 complex, in which a face‐to‐face dimer of parallel coronenes ( Cor‐A s) is sandwiched between TCNQs to construct a DDA‐type alternating π column flanked by another coronene ( Cor‐B ). Whereas solid‐state ²H NMR spectra of the 1:1 TCNQ complex formed with deuterated coronene confirmed the single in‐plane 6‐fold flipping motion of the coronenes, two unsynchronized motions were confirmed for the 3:1 TCNQ complex, which is consistent with a crystallographic study. Neutral [Ni(mnt)₂] (mnt: maleonitriledithiolate) as an electron acceptor afforded a 5:2 complex with a DDA‐type alternating π column flanked by another coronene, similar to the 3:1 TCNQ complex. The fact that the Cor‐A s in the [Ni(mnt)₂] complex arrange in a non‐parallel fashion must cause the fast in‐plane rotation of Cor‐A relative to that of Cor‐B . This is in sharp contrast to the 3:1 TCNQ complex, in which the dimer of parallel Cor‐A s shows inter‐column interactions with neighboring Cor‐A s. The solid‐state ¹H NMR signal of the [Ni(mnt)₂] complex suddenly broadens at temperatures below approximately 60 K, indicating that the in‐plane rotation of the coronenes undergoes down to approximately 60 K; the rotational rate reaches the gigahertz regime at room temperature. Rotational barriers of these CT complexes, as estimated from variable‐temperature spin–lattice relaxation time (T₁) experiments, are significantly lower than that of pristine coronene. The investigated structure–property relationships indicate that the complexation not only facilitates the molecular rotation of coronenes but also provides a new solid‐state rotor system that involves unsynchronized plural rotators.     

Active control of coupled flexural-torsional vibration in a flexible rotor-bearing system using electromagnetic actuator

Rotor-shaft systems are subject to non-uniform spin speed during start-up, coast-down or any non-stationary situation changing the spin speed suddenly, e.g., load fluctuation or sudden mass-loss like loss of a blade or a part thereof. For a flexurally and torsionally compliant rotor-shaft, the dynamics under non-uniform spin-speed shows inertial coupling among transverse and torsional coordinates through mass-unbalance and gyroscopic effect. This results into coupled transverse-torsional vibration, where torsional response consists of significant harmonic components at bisynchronous spin frequency, torsional natural frequency of the shaft, and at combination frequencies corresponding to sum and difference of spin and transverse natural frequencies and twice the transverse natural frequency of the rotor-shaft. As a result of the coupling, transverse rotor motion also influences the torsional motion. The Method of Multiple Scales (MMS) is used in this work to carry out an analysis of a simplified system to get an idea about the dominant frequencies of excitation. Results of numerical simulation are presented next to show the effectiveness and influence of actively controlling the transverse rotor motion on its torsional motion, at the dominant frequencies, with the help of non-contact electromagnetic force from an actuator. Transverse vibration control is also observed to control the torsional oscillations due to coupled nature of the problem. The Stability Limit Speed (SLS) of the system is also increased as a result of application of the active control action. Constant axial torque is observed to diminish the influence of coupling, and protect the system against torsional instability, but control action is a must to stabilize the transverse vibration of the system above SLS.     

考虑摆振销影响的无轴承旋翼气弹稳定性分析

采用格林-拉格朗日应变张量推导了桨叶的应变-位移关系,把无轴承旋翼桨叶作为多路传力系统进行处理,并应用哈密顿原理建立了桨叶运动的有限元方程,气动模型采用二维准定常片条理论和动力入流模型,研究了摆振销对无轴承旋翼悬停状态下气弹稳定性的影响.结果表明:摆振销可引入负的变距-摆振耦合,明显提高无轴承旋翼桨叶的一阶摆振模态阻尼;摆振销垂直偏置距离对无轴承旋翼桨叶的一阶摆振模态阻尼具有重要影响,距离增加,有利于加大一阶摆振模态阻尼,从而提高旋翼的气弹稳定性.