对煤矿岩体中固流耦合效应问题研究的探讨

本文对固流耦合效应的基本概念、基本原理进行了简单介绍。并对采动影响下邻近煤层、岩层的瓦斯向本层采空区的流动规律,以及煤和瓦斯突出的机理和发生的理论,分别作为固流耦合效应的两类不同问题进行了研究.同时提出了今后进行进一步研究的看法。     

陕晋蒙交界地带披砂岩丘陵区的侵蚀及其治理

晋陕蒙交界地带的披砂岩丘陵区是黄游中游河道粗泥沙的主要来源区之一。侵蚀十分严重,已导致沟谷面积迅速扩大,土层加速变薄及土壤中有机质和养分大量流失。强烈侵蚀的原因,一是历时短强度大的暴雨;二是水分入渗能力差.导致地表径流增大的披砂岩岩性特性;三是包括滥樵、乱垦和过牧的人类活动的影响。为了有效地防治披吵岩丘陵区的严重侵蚀,首先应以生物措施为主,工程措施为辅大力做好坡地的治理;其次,生物措施与工程措施并重,认真治理沟道;第三,必须制止乱垦,采用合理的耕作系统;第四,以草定畜,制止过牧。     

Zircon SHRIMP age of Mesoarchaean meta-argilloarenaceous rock in the Anshan area and its geological significance

In order to better understand the early continental evolution of the Anshan area, one ofthe typical Precambrian distribution areas of the North China Craton, the geochronology and REEcomposition of the zircons from the meta-argillo-arenaceous rock occurred as enclave in 3.1 GaLishan trondhjemite are studied by using SHRIMP ll ion microprobe. It is indicated that the Pa-leoarchaean is a very important continental formation period in the Anshan area and 3.2 Ga can beregarded as the boundary between the Paleoarchaean and Mesoarchaean.     

考虑水-力耦合和不同应力路径的砂岩卸荷力学特性试验

为研究不同渗透压力条件下的岩石卸荷力学特性,选取砂岩为研究对象,开展了不同渗透压力和不同应力路径下的三轴卸荷试验,并与常规三轴试验进行对比,比较了不同应力路径下的岩石强度特性,分析了渗透压力对岩石变形和强度参数的影响。试验结果表明：渗透压力的增大会弱化岩石强度,岩石的峰值强度随渗透压力的增大而降低,而轴向变形随渗透压力增大而增加,渗透压力越大,岩石的压密段特征越明显;针对两种不同的卸荷应力路径,恒轴压卸围压路径条件下,岩石的黏聚力不断降低,内摩擦角不断增加,而加轴压卸围压路径条件下,岩石的黏聚力不断增加,内摩擦角逐渐降低。     

台阶爆破模型试验下破碎岩石抛掷速度规律分析

为了研究台阶爆破破碎岩石抛掷速度的主要影响因素与变化规律,采用量纲分析法确定破碎岩石抛掷速度的主要影响因素,并借助高速摄影系统与台阶爆破模型试验研究不同影响因素下破碎岩石抛掷速度的变化规律.结果表明：破碎岩石抛掷速度的主要影响因素为炸药单耗、最小抵抗线与炸药量的关系(W³/Q)和不耦合系数,抛掷速度对炸药单耗最为敏感,W³/Q与不耦合系数次之;高速摄影图像显示,当爆破作用时间为0.5 ms时,台阶自由面岩石出现位移,当爆破作用时间为2.0 ms时,在爆炸应力波作用下,台阶自由面出现裂缝,破碎岩石的运动形态可分为鼓包运动阶段与抛掷运动阶段,二者之间存在明显的过渡阶段;炸药单耗、W³/Q、不耦合系数与抛掷速度间存在明显的非线性关系,抛掷速度随炸药单耗的增加呈指数函数递增,且存在临界炸药单耗使破碎岩石的抛掷速度出现激增,抛掷速度随W³/Q、不耦合系数的增大呈幂函数递减.     

新疆阿克提什坎金-多金属矿床微量元素地球化学

系统地研究了新疆阿尔泰诺尔特地区阿克提什坎金－多金属矿床的微量元素组成特征,并应用Ｇｒａｎｔ等位线方法讨论了热液蚀变作用过程中微量元素的行为。认为在热液蚀变作用过程中,微量元素尤其是Ａｕ、Ａｓ等,活动强烈,围岩为成矿提供了部分物质来源。文章还进行了质量迁移的定量计算。     

Determination of tectonic background for sedimentary basin from sandstone geochemistry

The chemical composition of sedimentary rocks is mainly controlled by source rocks. Through examining chemical composition of terrigenous rocks, the tectonic evolution of a sedimentary basin can be modeled. The Turpan Basin belongs to a continental sedimentary basin and its source rocks are derived from the upper continental crust.     

等效连续裂隙岩体渗流与应力全耦合分析

推导了等效连续裂隙岩体渗透性与应力变形的关系,根据应变等效原则推导了等效连续裂隙岩体的弹性矩阵,首次采用四自由度全耦合法,建立了等效连续裂隙岩体渗流与应力的全耦合有限元方程组,进行了等效连续裂隙岩体渗流与应力的全耦合分析。     

Sorption of petrochemicals from aqueous solutions on thermally activated schungite rock

Thermal oxidative treatment enhances the activity of a schungite rock in the sorption of petrochemicals from aqueous solutions. The effect of the thermal oxidative activation on the content and distribution of carbon in the rock and the dependence of the sorption activity on the texture of sorbents were studied. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2233–2238, October, 2005.     

Study on methane fermentation and production of vitamin B12 from alcohol waste slurry

We studied biogas fermentation from alcohol waste fluid to evaluate the anaerobic digestion process and the production of vitamin B₁₂ as a byproduct. Anaerobic digestion using acclimated methanogens was performed using the continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and fixed-bed reactor packed with rock wool as carrier material at 55°C. We also studied the effects of metal ions added to the culture broth on methane and vitamin B₁₂ formation. Vitamin B₁₂ production was 2.92 mg/L in the broth of the fixed-bed reactor, twice that of the CSTR. The optimum concentrations of trace metal ions added to the culture liquid for methane and vitamin B₁₂ production were 1.0 and 8 mL/L for the CSTR and fixed-bed reactor, respectively. Furthermore, an effective method for extracting and purifying vitamin B₁₂ from digested fluid was developed.