骨内压电电位的波形分析

骨内应力产生的电信号影响骨细胞的生长已被多方面证明,但其作用机理尚未完全确定．近年来,测试技术的进步为骨压电信号的实验研究提供了新手段．用超高输入阻抗的生物电压放大器测试研究了干牛骨试样在梯形波我荷作用下发生三点弯曲变形时压电电压的变化．测试发现,骨受力变形时产生的压电电荷在两电极间产生压电电压,同时电极间的电荷还会经过自身泄放．对应加栽稳态过程,两电极间的压电电荷会经自身泄放,从而表现为一松弛过程,0．1～0．4s后电压降为零,所以只能够在加载的动态过程测量到压电电压．显然在活体骨中压电电压也必然只会表现为脉冲的形式．     

Modeling of growth and remodeling in soft biological tissues with multiple constituents

Among the various important characteristics of biological tissues is their ability to grow and remodel. It is well-known that one of the primary triggers behind the growth and remodeling process is changes in the mechanical environment, for instance changes in stress, strain, etc. These mechanisms of mechanotransduction are the driving force behind many changes in structure and function including growth and remodeling. The purpose of this article is to formulate better constitutive equations for the stress in tissues with multiple constituents undergoing growth and remodeling. This is a very complex problem and is of tremendous importance. Here, we do the modeling from a mechanics point of view, utilizing the theory of natural configurations coupled with population dynamics to accurately model the production and removal of the different constituents that comprise the tissue. This is accomplished by deriving a generalized McKendrick equation for growth and remodeling and has the advantage of directly including the age distribution of constituents into the model. The population distribution function is then used to determine the stress in the tissue.     

Effect of magnetic field on poroelastic bone model for internal remodeling

This paper studies the effects of the magnetic field and the porosity on a poroelastic bone model for internal remodeling. The solution of the internal bone remodeling process induced by a magnetic field is presented. The bone is treated as a poroelastic material by Biot’s formulation. Based on the theory of small strain adaptive elasticity, a theoretical approach for the internal remodeling is proposed. The components of the stresses, the displacements, and the rate of internal remodeling are obtained in analytical forms, and the numerical results are represented graphically. The results indicate that the effects of the magnetic field and the porosity on the rate of internal remodeling in bone are very pronounced.     

Taurine Inhibits Myocardial Fibrosis via PKC-ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways

Previous studies have demonstrated the important role of taurine in inhibiting proliferation of myofibroblasts( myoFb) and myocardial fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The present study was designed to shed light on this issue through exploring the signal pathways via in vitro experiments. Angiotension Ⅱ (AngⅡ) treatment significantly increased myoFb proliferation and the levels of collagens Ⅰ and Ⅲ(P<0.05), whereas taurine, PKCα(PKC: protein kinase C) specific inhibitor L-threo-dihydro-sphingosine(D4681), ERK1/2 inhibitor (PD98095) abrogated myoFb proliferation and collagen levels(P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively), and increased the G₀/G₁ phase rate and decreased S phase rate. Immunocytochemistry, confocal fluorescence staining and image analysis showed that taurine could inhibit the translocation and expression of p-PKCαin membrane, and then inhibit nuclear translocation and expression of p-ERK1/2. These results have statistically significant differences compared with those of AngⅡ group(P<0.01). Western blot results also show that taurine could inhibit the protein expression of p-PKCα and p-ERK1/2. We used p-PKCα specific inhibitor D4681 in order to elucidate the relationship between p-PKCα and p-ERK1/2 in signal transduction pathways. Finally, the results show that the protein expression of p-ERK1/2 and nuclear translocation were suppressed in D4681 group.     

矫形力作用下下颌骨重建过程的数值模拟

下颌骨在矫形力作用下重建过程研究,对矫治方案确定等具有重要的指导意义.作者首先建立下颌骨与颞下颌关节的三维有限元模型,并以此为基础,依据Cowin重建规律,对在矫形外力作用下下颌骨矫治过程中骨的法向重建进行了数值模拟.对重建前后数值模拟结果的比较表明,法向重建过程对于下颌骨的表面应力分布和应力梯度的分布具有较大的影响,因而在下颌骨矫治方案的制定过程中这一因素不可忽视.     

丹参素预处理骨髓间质干细胞移植治疗大鼠心梗后炎性反应

探讨以药物丹参素处理骨髓间质干细胞(MSCs)后,移植大鼠心梗的治疗作用.运用结扎SD大鼠冠脉前降支制备心梗模型,将体外培养并以丹参素处理过的MSCs注射到心梗模型的缺血区.随机将实验动物分为:MI+Saline、MI+MSC、MI+MSC+SAA、MI+SAA和Sham 5组.分别观察术后3 d、4周大鼠的心功能和组织病理变化,Western blot测定BAX、BCL-2、MMP-9、TIMP-1、IL-6、IL-10、COX-2和VEGF等指标的表达水平.实验结果显示各项检测结果均显示MI+MSC+SAA(丹参素)的治疗效果明显的优于其他各组(p<0.01).实验结果表明,经处理后的骨髓间质干细胞(MSCs)可以在心梗区定植,促进心肌和血管生成,提高左室收缩和舒张功能,还可以有效地抑制炎性反应和心室重塑从而达到治疗效果.     

考虑载荷特性的骨重建力学调控机制

骨组织具有适应变化力学环境的能力.通过分析骨组织适应力学环境的调控机制,吸纳工程强度设计准则思想,提出考虑载荷特性的骨重建力学调控机制,探讨载荷特性对力学激励的影响,对牙槽骨“张力区骨增生和压力区骨吸收”的现象进行分析和数值模拟.结果表明考虑载荷特性的骨重建力学调控机制是合理的,是骨重建力学调控机制理论的补充和完善.     

Three-Dimensional Aggregated Spheroid Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using a 96-Pillar/Well Plate

A common method of three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures is embedding single cells in Matrigel. Separated cells in Matrigel migrate or grow to form spheroids but lack cell-to-cell interaction, which causes difficulty or delay in forming mature spheroids. To address this issue, we proposed a 3D aggregated spheroid model (ASM) to create large single spheroids by aggregating cells in Matrigel attached to the surface of 96-pillar plates. Before gelling the Matrigel, we placed the pillar inserts into blank wells where gravity allowed the cells to gather at the curved end. In a drug screening assay, the ASM with Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines showed higher drug resistance compared to both a conventional spheroid model (CSM) and a two-dimensional (2D) cell culture model. With protein expression, cytokine activation, and penetration analysis, the ASM showed higher expression of cancer markers associated with proliferation (p-AKT, p-Erk), tight junction formation (Fibronectin, ZO-1, Occludin), and epithelial cell identity (E-cadherin) in HCC cells. Furthermore, cytokine factors were increased, which were associated with immune cell recruitment/activation (MIF-3α), extracellular matrix regulation (TIMP-2), cancer interaction (IL-8, TGF-β2), and angiogenesis regulation (VEGF-A). Compared to CSM, the ASM also showed limited drug penetration in doxorubicin, which appears in tissues in vivo. Thus, the proposed ASM better recapitulated the tumor microenvironment and can provide for more instructive data during in vitro drug screening assays of tumor cells and improved prediction of efficacious drugs in HCC patients.     

兔矢状缝扩张过程中环腺苷酸含量的变化

目的：了解兔矢状缝扩张过程中环腺苷酸含量的变化规律。方法：选用兔顶骨矢状状缝,用放射免疫法测定骨髓受不同大小,不同时间扩张力后,骨改建相关因子环腺苷酸（ｃＡＭＰ）的含量变化规律。结果：（１）骨缝受扩张力后,内源性ｃＡＭＰ在受力后１ｄ时低于对照水平,以后又上升至高于对照组水平;（２）大力组ｃＡＭＰ含量下降程度比小力组大。结论：较大的力引起的组织损伤大,骨改建延迟。在临床上快速扩大骨缝需更长的保持时间     

对湖南省大学生体育消费需要心理重塑的探讨

大学生对体育锻炼有着较高的认知水平，应该有着较高的体育消费水平。但是，我省大学生的体育消费水平并不高，除经济因素外，还与其不正确的体育消费心理有关，要适应现代社会发展的需求，需要重塑大学生正确的体育消费心理。