基于蚂蚁算法的中国邮路问题

针对中国邮路问题中先寻找奇数度结点,再进行奇数度结点之间路线添加的问题,引入了蚂蚁算法,通过其随机概率选择和最短路线激励策略,有效地解决了结点之间的最短路线的问题,避免了常规方法中必须先进行奇数度结点匹配的问题.算法易于实现,实验仿真表明算法耗时短、效率高.     

基于深度强化学习的无人机自组网路由算法

针对无人机自组网节点密度大、拓扑变换频繁,导致移动自组网复杂的问题,提出了一种基于深度强化学习(deep-reinforcement learning, DRL)的分布式无人机自组网路由算法。利用DRL感知学习无人机特征,使节点不断与环境交互、探索学习最优行动(路由)策略;通过存储经验知识,维护端到端路由,赋予无人机网络智能化重构和快速修复的能力,从而提高路径的稳定性,降低路由建立和维护开销,增强网络的鲁棒性能。仿真结果表明,提出的算法具有较好的收敛性能;在路由修复时间、端到端时延,以及网络适应性、扩展性方面都优于传统的路由算法。     

出租车合乘模式的探讨

文章针对城市交通拥挤以及出租车所占交通量大而载客量却很小的现状,提出了出租车合乘运营模式,在考虑了司机和乘客双方利益的基础上建立相应的数学模型,建立乘客合乘查询系统,求出最佳行驶路线,确定各个乘客的费率,计算合理费用。     

“仓店一体化”模式下订单拣选与配送集成调度优化

针对“仓店一体化”模式下提供限时送达服务的新零售仓店,研究多拣货员、多客户、配送方式为带限时送达约束的路径优化分批配送情形下的订单拣选与配送集成调度问题。以最小化订单最大履行时间和配送成本为目标,构建了混合整数非线性规划模型,并设计两阶段启发式算法(H-2)进行求解,最后通过数值实验对算法进行验证与分析。数值实验结果表明,H-2具有较高的求解质量;相较于传统调度算法(TS)在效率提升、资源节约以及客户满意度提高方面具有更优的表现,进而为新零售仓店管理者提供决策支持。     

基于移动代理的安全选择式路由协议

为高效安全地保护移动代理路由,针对移动代理的选择式路由结构,利用基本加密签字技术,设计了一种基于移动代理的安全选择式路由协议,并对该协议的安全性和计算复杂度进行了分析.结果表明,新协议不仅满足移动代理选择式路由的所有安全性质,而且与已有的基于嵌套加密技术的惟一方案相比,计算复杂度得到了显著的降低,用户和路由主机的计算复杂度均从原来的O(n2)变为O(n);同时,新协议还具有很好的扩展性.     

一种基于HMM模型改进的地图匹配算法

针对轨迹数据在线地图匹配中难以同时保障算法的准确率和时间效率的问题, 提出一种基于隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)改进的在线地图匹配算法, 并提出综合距离因素和方向因素计算发射概率的方法。与其他全局或者局部算法的不同之处在于, 改进的在线地图匹配算法引入可靠点进行轨迹分割, 减少了转移概率的计算和匹配结果的输出延时。用西雅图市浮动车的轨迹数据进行算法的实验验证, 结果表明, 与传统的HMM地图匹配算法相比, 改进的算法在准确率和时间效率上更优, 能够满足在线地图匹配的需求。     

Observation of unusual Griffith’s phase behavior in quadruple perovskite oxide CaCu3Mn4O12 (CCMO) synthesized through chemical route

The CaCu₃Mn₄O₁₂ (CCMO) ceramic was successfully synthesized through the chemical route. The phase formation was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction pattern. Thermogravimetric (TGA), FT-IR, SEM, TEM, EDX, and XPS analysis were performed for investigation of the thermal behavior, phase identification, microstructural analysis, elemental analysis and oxidation state of the CCMO ceramic respectively. FT-IR spectra confirmed the existence of MnO₆ octahedral in body-centered cubic (BCC) complex perovskite oxide that resembles the CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ structure. The average particle size was observed by TEM in the range between 100 and 200 nm. AFM shows the average roughness of the surface was found to be in the range of 30 ± 5 nm. XPS and EDX studies confirmed the purity and oxidation state of the CCMO ceramic. The synthesized material shows very interesting unique Griffith’s phase (T_G) results that arise disorder in magnetic susceptibility in which ferromagnetic transition was to be observed in the paramagnetic region.     

Predicting experimental yields as an index to rank synthesis routes II: application to the Curtius rearrangement

Synthesis yields of organic reactions are one of the most important factors in ranking synthesis routes created by synthesis route design systems such as Transform‐Oriented Synthesis Planning and Knowledge base‐Oriented Synthesis Planning. If it is possible to predict the yields of synthesis reactions before starting experiments, one can easily determine an order of synthesis routes for experimental works. In the present study, the reaction profiles of the Curtius rearrangement with different substituents were calculated to generate an equation predicting experimental yields of this reaction. Reactions followed by the formation of isocyanates were also analyzed to consider the relationship between reaction times and experimental yields. A partial least squares (PLS) regression was used to correlate the experimental yields with the calculated activation energies, E_a(calc), together with experimental conditions such as dielectric constants of solvents, reaction times, and reaction temperatures as explanatory variables. Although the PLS regression using all the data gave very poor results, we succeeded in making a model equation with R² = 0.887 using a modified data set. However, there is a conflict between the predictability and the interpretability on the reaction time. This discrepancy mainly comes from unnecessarily long reaction times in the experiments for azides with calculated E_a values of less than 33 kcal mol^–1. To construct a good model equation for the experimental yields of the Curtius reaction, we have to use data sets obtained from within 90 min of the reaction for the PLS regression. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Mixed Solvothermal Route to Synthesis of Dice‐Like PbS

The authors developed a simple solvothermal route to synthesis of PbS nanocrystals in the mild binary mixed solvent made of diethylenetriamine (DETA) and water. Two kinds of PbS nanostructures (dice‐like and cubic) have been successfully synthesized in the binary mixed solvothermal system at 150 °C by changing the sulfur source. The products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the as‐prepared dice‐like PbS crystals have a hole on each of their faces. To elucidate the relationship between reaction systems and the morphologies of the final products, the authors also investigated the crystal growth by using different sulfur source. Based on the experimental results, the possible growth mechanism of the dice‐like PbS crystals was proposed.     

有缺陷钢筋砼结构的可靠性对比分析

钢筋砼结构的缺陷可能是施工造成的先天性缺陷,也可能是使用过程中的腐蚀性介质环境造成的,分别对其可靠度水平的变化规律进行研究,对维修加固决策具有科学意义。本文根据《建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准》要求,研究了先天性施工缺陷结构及后期使用环境中腐蚀性介质影响下的缺陷结构的可靠度特点,分析了其影响因素,对比了不同荷载特征条件下的缺陷结构可靠度的变化规律,为优化维修决策提供了理论支持。