Application of artificial neural network to evaluation of dimensional accuracy of 3D-printed polylactic acid parts

Additive manufacturing (AM) has begun to replace traditional fabrication because of its advantages, such as easy manufacturing of parts with complex geometry, and mass production. The most important limitation of AM is that dimensional accuracy cannot be achieved in all parts. Dimensional accuracy is essential for high reliability, high performance, and useful final products. This study investigates the impact of printing parameters on the dimensional accuracy of samples fabricated through fused deposition modeling (FDM), an additive manufacturing (AM) method utilizing polylactic acid (PLA) material. The experimental design process was performed using Taguchi methodology. ANOVA was used to determine the most important parameter affecting accuracy. Based on experimental studies, the optimal printing parameters for parts are determined as follows: concentric infill pattern, 3 mm wall thickness, 70% infill density, and a layer thickness of 200 μm. Artificial neural network (ANN) was used in the evaluation and prediction of the results. The R-square (R²) performance evaluation criterion was above 95% from the ANN results. This value shows that the results are significant. The data acquired from this study may assist in identifying optimal parameters that contribute to the fabrication of samples with high dimensional accuracy using the FDM method.     

子孔径光学检测拼接准确度实验研究

实验研究了子孔径光学检测的拼接准确度.实验选取9个子孔径进行拼接,同时利用ZYGO干涉仪来测量子孔径和整个被检面的表面面形.实验发现,测量基准子孔径和整个被检面的时间间隔对子孔径拼接准确度的评价存在严重影响.为此,重点研究了产生影响的原因并提出了消除测量基准子孔径和整个被测面时间间隙影响的方法.最后,利用该方法研究了子孔径重叠面积对拼接准确度的影响.结果显示,当重叠面积比为7%时,PV和RMS的拼接误差分别为0.03λ(λ=632.8 nm) 和 0.01λ,并且重叠面积比和拼接准确度呈近似线性关系.     

船舶进气装置引气防冰的数值模拟

船舶防冰系统通过某级低压压气机引入热气来加热冷的来流湿空气,实现升高进口温度、降低相对湿度,防止进气结冰。采用理论分析、数值模拟等手段,通过调整方案、孔径及喷嘴喷射角度等参数,达到比较好的引气防冰效果。结果显示热气引气压力过大时,喷嘴出口马赫数过高,将产生很大的压力损失和气动噪声;模型2的掺混效果和防冰效果比较好。     

基于分形模型油水相对渗透率计算的新方法

相对渗透率曲线是油藏工程分析及油藏数值模拟中重要的参数,目前相对渗透率的预测主要通过实验获取,本文提出利用分形维和实际生产数据计算出油水相对渗透率曲线。并通过油藏实例计算出相对渗透率曲线,并和油藏岩心实际测得相渗曲线进行对比,发现符合性较好,说明分形方法计算出的相对渗透率具有可靠性。     

广义岭估计的相对效率

考察Gauss-Markoff模型中未知参数向量的最优线性无偏估计的改造问题,引入讨论了方兴等 提出的最优化无偏估计的一种估计的相对效率,把其对一般岭估计的部分研究结果推广到广义岭估计。     

甲磺酸酚妥拉明速释片对家狗相对生物利用度研究

比较了甲磺酸酚妥拉明速释片和普通片在家狗体内药代动力学和相对生物利用度。采用随机交叉分组实验设计,给4条家狗分别给予50 mg的甲磺酸酚妥拉明速释片和普通片,po,按设计采集12 h内动态血标本,以HPLC法测定血浆血药浓度,以一室模型计算2种制剂在动物体内的药动学参数和相对生物利用度。结果家狗口服后,其体内血药浓度-时间曲线符合一室模型。速释片和普通片的主要药代动力学参数分别是T_(max)为0.69 h和1.50 h,C_(max)为92.62 ng·mL~(-1)和82.22 ng·mL~(-1),AUC为214.43 ng·h·mL~(-1)和254.12 ng·h·mL~(-1)。配对t检验结果表明,只有T_(max)有显著性差异(P<0.05),其它参数均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。     

基于蒙特卡罗的自由曲面测量系统精度研究

为实现对自由曲面测量系统精度的快速精确评定,提出一种基于蒙特卡罗的测量不确定度分析处理方法,以克服传统方法要求测量样本数多、函数关系简单等问题。分析了系统组成模块的不确定来源及分布,根据误差理论分配了各不确定度源的传递系数,并采用方和根法综合得出系统的测量精度。在LabVIEW上开发了仿真调试软件并与传统A类方法的评估结果进行了对比分析,结果表明蒙特卡罗方法计算快速、可靠,可以简单高效地用于自由曲面的精度评估。     

重复控制在光电跟踪伺服系统中的应用

在光电跟踪系统中,伺服系统的跟踪精度决定了其捕获跟踪能力。随着光电跟踪伺服系统对跟踪精度的要求逐步提高,将重复控制技术引入到伺服系统中。重复控制不仅能够实现高精度跟踪、改善系统性能,而且可以跟踪周期性信号。设计了优化插入式重复控制器,并对等效正弦信号进行跟踪。与常用高精度控制方法进行仿真比较,其结果表明,重复控制系统的跟踪误差明显减小,其跟踪精度得到明显提高。     

A highly accurate numerical solution of a biharmonic equation

The coefficients for a nine–point high–order accuracy discretization scheme for a biharmonic equation ∇ ⁴u = f(x, y) (∇² is the two–dimensional Laplacian operator) are derived. The biharmonic problem is defined on a rectangular domain with two types of boundary conditions: (1) u and ∂²u/∂n² or (2) u and ∂u/part;n (where ∂/part;n is the normal to the boundary derivative) are specified at the boundary. For both considered cases, the truncation error for the suggested scheme is of the sixth-order O(h⁶) on a square mesh (h_x = h_y = h) and of the fourth-order O(h⁴_xh²_xh²_y h⁴_y) on an unequally spaced mesh. The biharmonic equation describes the deflection of loaded plates. The advantage of the suggested scheme is demonstrated for solving problems of the deflection of rectangular plates for cases of different boundary conditions: (1) a simply supported plate and (2) a plate with built-in edges. In order to demonstrate the high–order accuracy of the method, the numerical results are compared with exact solutions. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 13: 375–391, 1997