区域密度滤波及其在数字散斑条纹处理中的应用

利用统计学原理对数字错位散斑条纹的形成进行了系统分析，并针对散斑条纹图所特有颗粒性强的特点，提出一种新的空域滤波方法－区域密度滤波。该方法能更有效地抑制散斑图中的高频噪声，也使条纹图更平滑，并且细节得到了最大程度的保存，避免了有些空域滤波法因误差积累而导致条纹移动的问题，进一步保证了相移技术和神经网络系统的计算精度。     

高超声速三维化学非平衡流动简化NS方程数值解

本文研究用时间稳定法求解高超声速三维化学非平衡流动简化ＮＳ方程，把整个非平衡流体动力学问题分裂为流体力学问题和化学问题。流体力学与化学问题之间的耦合通过迭代方式加以处理。考虑高温空气分解与电离，七个化学组元，并认为化学反应是以有限速率进行的．差分格式采用无自由参数的混合反扩散格式，激波及壁面处理应用特征线理论．对来流攻角为１０°，马赫数为２６，飞行高度为８５ｋｍ的钝锥体，给出了流场参数和物面加热率的数值计算结果．     

鲁南地区区域地壳稳定性评价与胶新铁路地质选线

以遥感图象解译和野外地质勘查结果为依据对活动断裂分布及其活动性进行了重新核对 ,结合地震、地球物理、地壳形变等资料进行构造稳定性分区。根据铁路工程地质选线的若干要求和铁路通过区的具体特点 ,选取地质、地震、活动断裂、地质灾害和场地岩土类型为主要评价因素 ,从构造稳定性、地面稳定性、岩土体稳定性三方面进行区域地壳稳定性的评价。最后根据上述评价结果进行综合工程地质选线.     

移动接触下求解二维闭合裂纹的双重迭代边界元法

使用子域边界元法对受移动接触弹性体作用下的二维闭合裂纹问题进行了数值计算。由于两弹性体的接触界面和裂纹表面的接触范围的大小和接触状态事先是未知的 ,对此 ,在两个接触表面同时采用迭代的方法进行了求解。在裂纹的每个裂尖上都采用了四分之一的奇异单元以保证裂尖位移场和应力场奇异性的满足。用我们编制的二维裂纹问题程序对一些中心裂纹问题进行了计算 ,计算结果与经典断裂力学的理论值比较吻合。在无摩擦的条件下 ,对一些具有不同角度且受移动接触弹性体作用下的闭合裂纹问题进行了数值计算 ,得到了一些耦合作用下的应力强度因子的计算结果     

信息产业发展对区域产业结构高度化的作用机制

构建了信息产业发展与区域产业结构高度化的指标体系,利用基于OWA算子的灰色关联模型融合方法测算了电子信息产业发展与区域产业结构高度化的关联程度.结果表明,电子信息产业的发展是区域产业结构高度化的重要支撑力.东部地区的信息产业发展与区域产业结构高度化指标体系中的环保资金投入增加量和第三产业增加值的关联度较高.中部、西部地区的信息产业发展与新兴产业产值的关联程度较大.从全国范围来看,信息产业的科技创新转化能力对产业结构高度化的推动作用仍较低.     

我国城乡居民消费与经济增长区域差异性的实证分析

遴选1996-2012年我国(除重庆、港、澳、台外)30个省(市)城镇和农村居民消费支出及国内生产总值的面板数据,基于非参数核估计方法,建立固定效应半参数面板数据模型,对我国东、中、西部城乡居民消费与经济增长关系的区域差异性进行实证分析.计算显示,运用半参数面板数据模型显著提高了估计的精度.分析结果表明,不论是城镇居民消费还是农村居民消费,对经济增长的促进作用均是东部高于中部、中部高于西部;且农村居民消费对经济增长的促进作用又大于城镇居民消费.     

Analytical solution of coupled soil erosion and consolidation equations by asymptotic expansion approach

In this work, one-dimensional approximation of internal erosion taking place in a soil made from sand and clay mixture was considered. The clay phase that is susceptible to experience erosion under water flow discharge was assumed to be small. A new erosion law fixing the initiation threshold of erosion and integrating the effect of soil consolidation on internal erosion was proposed. Conversely, the effect of erosion on elastic soil deformation was also integrated through damage mechanics concepts. Asymptotic expansion of the coupled equations in terms of a perturbation parameter linked to the total amount of internal erosion that is likely to occur has been performed. This has enabled to view the internal erosion phenomenon occurring inside the soil as a perturbation affecting the classical soil consolidation equation, and further to evaluate the critical discharge gradient for which internal erosion starts. Equations at order zero that are provided by the asymptotic expansion were exactly integrated while an adequate finite difference scheme was introduced to solve the equations at order one. A parametric study was conducted after that in order to assess effects of the main factors on internal erosion and soil deformation.     

Ground-based on-line measurements of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and peroxypropionyl nitrate (PPN) in the Pearl River Delta,China

Aiming at understanding the regional O₃ problem and the impacts of city to rural areas, ambient peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and peroxypropionyl nitrate (PPN) were measured by an on-line instrument at a back garden site (BGS), and a receptor site for urban plume from Guangzhou city. The highest mixing ratios for PAN and PPN were 3.9 and 0.7 ppbv, respectively. PAN and PPN had a similar diurnal pattern as that of O₃. As revealed by the slope of the linear regression line between PPN and PAN, anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) dominated photochemical O₃ production most of the time. From the correlation between PAN and O₃, the regional background level of O₃ was derived to be 28 ± 15 ppbv. Two night-time plumes containing elevated PAN and O₃ were observed, and the backward-trajectory analysis supported the transport of urban plume from Guangzhou city. Based on the temporal variation of PPN/PAN, two day-time episodes were also selected to discuss the influence from Guangzhou.     

Numerical methods for nanophotonics: standard problems and future challenges

Nanoscale photonic systems involve a broad variety of light–matter interaction regimes beyond the diffraction limit and have opened the path for a variety of application opportunities in sensing, solid‐state lighting, light harvesting, and optical signal processing. The need for numerical modeling is central for the understanding, control, and design of plasmonic and photonic nanostructures. Recently, the increasing sophistication of nanophotonic systems and processes, ranging from simple plasmonic nanostructures to multiscale and complex photonic devices, has been calling for highly efficient numerical simulation tools. This article reviews the state of the art in numerical methods for nanophotonics and describes which method is the best suited for specific problems. The widespread approaches derived from classical electrodynamics such as finite differences in time domain, finite elements, surface integral, volume integral, and hybrid methods are reviewed and illustrated by application examples. Their potential for efficient simulation of nanophotonic systems, such as those involving light propagation, localization, scattering, or multiphysical systems is assessed. The numerical modeling of complex systems including nonlinearity, nonlocal and quantum effects as well as new materials such as graphene is discussed in the perspective of actual and future challenges for computational nanophotonics.