不同热端温度对低温热电制冷试验箱制冷性能的影响

为优化低温热电制冷试验箱的制冷效率及降低其冷热端温差,理论计算了热电制冷片热端温度为56.18℃和27.31℃时电流、电压、冷热端温差对试验箱制冷性能的影响。建立了三维数学传热模型,模拟了3种热电制冷片布置方式对制冷箱温度分布的影响。结果表明：当热端温度由56.18℃降至27.31℃时,低温热电制冷试验箱的制冷量由150.2 W降至139.5 W,制冷系数由4.41降至3.09,冷凝温度由-22.30℃降至-41.90℃。可见,热电制冷片热端温度的降低能够获得更低的冷凝温度,较高的热端温度拥有较好的制冷性能。     

传热与传质性能对余热吸附制冰机的影响

文中选用甲醇为制冷剂,对散装活性炭与块状活性炭的吸附式制冰在传热、传质方面进行了试验对比研究,结果表明,散装活性炭在有回热回质条件下COP可以大幅度提高。块状活性炭的传热系数远远好于散装活性炭。在块状活性炭吸附床的传质问题解决后,每个吸附床的吸附剂为48 kg时,两床系统有望实现日制冰600 kg。     

R22/R23自动复叠低温冷柜的分析

对一采用 R2 2 / R2 3自动复叠的低温冷柜进行了试验研究 ,建立该装置各部件火用分析模型并分析各部件火用流情况。结果显示该装置中压缩机的火用损最大     

CO_2跨临界制冷循环中应用两相螺杆膨胀机的理论分析

本文在介绍利用环保、安全的ＣＯ２作为制冷剂的跨临界循环的基础上,分析了系统各部件的■损失情况,并通过与常规工质对比,提出了采用汽液两相螺杆膨胀机取代系统中节流阀的方法。该方法可明显提高系统的ＣＯＰ,具有广阔的实际应用前景。文章结合ＣＯ２超临界流体的实际特点,对研制、开发ＣＯ２两相螺杆膨胀机提出了设计思想和建议。     

一种改进BP算法在制冷系统仿真中的应用

采用了改进的BP算法,用网络输出关于学习率的线性展开法来自适应优化学习率,BFGS为尺度法来调整权重,对BFGS法作了局部改进以处理可能发生的BFGS公式中分母项为零的情况,以实际制冷系统的热力性能参数实验数据为样本,对比研究了标准BP算法,含学习率优化的最速下降法和含学习率优化的BFGS法的学习过程,结果表明,文中选用的含学习率优化的BFGS法学习效率与学习精度高,且自适应性能好。     

电磁制冷机的发展

介绍了一种利用顺磁盐物质的磁热效应获取低温进行制冷的方法。对电磁制冷机的原理及其发展进行了综述,并指出提高其制冷效率的途径。     

环保型电站制冷式氢气去湿装置的研究与开发

以环保型制冷剂R134a作制冷工质,采用适用于电力,制冷行业中的强化传热技术,在线湿度监测控制技术,氢路防爆技术等,研制开发了一套环保型电站制冷式氢气去湿装置,该装置2年来在湛江发电厂2#机组上运行状况表明：其去湿性能远超过目前发电厂采用的机械制冷氢气去湿设备,发电机组内氢气湿度能长期稳定在1．2－1．6g/m3,氢气露点温度严格控制在－10－15度之间,达到了发电厂对氢气湿度的最高要求指标,且无环境污染,有可靠的安全运行性能,该装置解决了长期以来困扰我国电力行业在氢冷发电机组因冷却氢气湿度超标而影响发电机安全运行的难题。     

Asymmetric first‐order transition and interlocked particle state in magnetocaloric La(Fe,Si)13

In‐situ synchrotron XRD measurements of the magnetocaloric material LaFe_11.8Si_1.2 are used to understand virgin effects and asymmetry of the underlying first order magnetovolume transition. A remarkable change of the transition kinetics occurs after the first cycle, which we attribute to the formation of cracks originating from the volume change. Tomographic imaging revealed that the bulk material disintegrates via an interlocked state where fragments are loosely connected. Though cracks have opened between the fragments, the transition is sharp, which we attribute to magnetostatic interactions. In the cycled sample we find a strong asymmetry between the transition interval upon heating and cooling, which we explain by isostatic pressure acting on parts of the sample during the cooling transition. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

基于废热的制冷循环系统研究与设计

针对废弃热量利用率低的问题,深入研究喷射制冷循环系统的工作原理和主要的内部结构,对喷射制冷循环系统的工作过程进行建模分析,得出系统中主要工作参数之间的数学关系。然后引入蒸汽压缩制冷原理,设计一个增压喷射制冷循环系统,对系统的性能特点进行详细分析,并给出在不同现实需求下的改进优化策略。测试结果表明设计的增压喷射制冷循环系统可以提高低品味的热量的利用率。     

Experimental study of the performance characteristics of a steam-ejector refrigeration system

Conventional compression-refrigeration systems not only consume a large amount of electric power, but also cause serious environmental pollution. Among the various possible approaches in overcoming these two problems, a steam-ejector refrigeration system is believed to be most effective. This paper experimentally investigates the controlling parameters of a steam ejector, including operating conditions and the exit Mach number of the primary nozzle. Operation maps useful to the practical design are constructed from experimental results, and the empirical equations are correspondingly derived. Excessively increasing the exit Mach number of primary nozzle is unnecessary, and 4.35 should be a moderate value. With regard to the performance characteristics of the ejector itself, a steam ejector is better than an R114 ejector and is comparable to an R113 ejector. Moreover, with the use of a two-stage ejector, the required pressure to drive a steam ejector is reduced, and the low-grade heat source can be efficiently used. The results of primitive observation of the flow field are also discussed in this work.