Methanol Tolerant Non-noble Metal Co-C-N Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Using Urea as Nitrogen Source

A non-noble metal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst labeled as Co-C-N(800) was synthesized by heat-treating a mixture of urea, cobalt chloride and acetylene black for 2 h at 800 oC in an inert nitrogen atmosphere. X-ray diffraction pattern indicates that a metallic β-Co is generated after the heat-treating process. The results from cyclic voltammograms show that the obtained Co-C-N(800) catalyst has good ORR catalytic activity in 0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄ solution. The catalyst is also good at methanol tolerance and stability in the acidic solution.     

柔性染料敏化太阳能电池*

本文介绍了染料敏化太阳能电池的工作原理,对其重要研究方向——柔性染料敏化太阳能电池的关键组成部分：光阳极、对电极和电解质等的国内外研究进展进行了评述,分析当前研究过程中存在的问题,并提出提高柔性染料敏化太阳能电池光电转换效率和长期稳定性的对策,对其未来的发展进行了展望.     

Quantification of taurine and amino acids in mice single fibrosarcoma cell by microchip electrophoresis coupled with chemiluminescence detection

A method based on MCE coupled with chemiluminescence (CL) detection was developed for the determination of taurine (Tau) and amino acids including alanine (Ala), glycine (Gly), tryptophan (Trp), glutamic acid (Glu) and aspartic acid (Asp) present in mice single fibrosarcoma (S180) cells. Cell injection, loading, cytolysis, electrophoretic separation and CL detection were integrated onto a simple double‐T microfluidic chip. The intracellular constituents were electrophoretically separated within 150 s. The CL detection was based on the enhancement effects of Tau and amino acids on the CL reaction of luminol with H₂O₂ and Cu²⁺. The average amounts of Tau, Trp, Gly, Ala, Glu and Asp in per S180 cell from a cell population were 4.73, 1.23, 2.65, 1.94, 1.61 and 1.99 fmol. Ten S180 cells were analyzed, and the contents of Tau, Trp, Gly, Ala, Glu and Asp in mice single S180 cells were found to be in the range of 1.78–8.84, 0.95–2.31, 1.08–6.87, 1.03–4.05, 0.84–2.61 and 0.82–3.68 fmol, respectively. This work demonstrates that MCE coupled with CL detection is a useful analytical tool that is simple, quick and highly sensitive for single‐cell analysis.     

Polymer-assisted nanoparticulate contrast-enhancing materials

The application of nanotechnology in medicine research has significant potential in modern biomedical research,disease diagnosis and therapy.Organic fluorophore-based detection techniques have been widely used as imaging and signal transduction tools for the detection of trace levels of analytes.The photosensitivity of the fluorophores,however,limits their application in such complex environments as living bio-systems where degradation or photobleaching occurs.Inorganic nanoparticles have unique and stable ...     

Biodegradable amphiphilic block copolymers containing functionalized PEO blocks:Controlled synthesis and biomedical potentials

A series of controllable amphiphilic block copolymers composed of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) as the hydrophilic block and poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL) as the hydrophobic block with the amino terminal group at the end of the PEO chain(PCL-b-PEO-NH2) were synthesized.Based on the further reaction of reactive amino groups,diblock copolymers with functional carboxyl groups(PCL-b-PEO-COOH) and functional compounds RGD(PCL-b-PEO-RGD) as well as the triblock copolymers with thermosensitive PNIPAAm blocks(PCL-b-PEO-b-P...     

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-based silica nanocomposite membranes for direct ethanol fuel cells

This paper reports on the preparation and characterization of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (sPEEK)-based mixed matrix membranes. The inorganic matrix consisted of silica: Aerosil^®380, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) or a combination of both to obtain an interconnected silica network. The behavior of these membranes in ethanol–water systems was studied for application in a direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC). Uptake measurements showed that the converted TEOS content had a strong influence on the hydrophilicity of the membranes. Proton conductivity was strongly related to the water content in the membrane, but the proton diffusion coefficients of membranes with various Aerosil^®380–TEOS combinations were similar. Dynamic measurements in liquid–liquid (L–L) and liquid–gas (L–G) systems were performed to study the ethanol transport through the membrane. No reduction in ethanol permeability was obtained in the L–L system, but a remarkable reduction was obtained in the L–G system when 2 M ethanol was applied. The reinforcing characteristic of the combined Aerosil^®380–TEOS-system were best observed at 40 °C with 4 M ethanol. The fuel cell performance prediction based on the selectivity of proton diffusion coefficient to ethanol permeability coefficient showed for nearly all composite membranes an improvement with respect to the polymeric reference. The presence of an inorganic phase led to relatively constant proton diffusion coefficients and lower ethanol permeability coefficients in comparison with the polymeric reference.     

新型磺化聚酰亚胺膜的合成与表征

合成了4,4’-二(间氨基苯氧基)联苯-3,3’-二磺酸(mBAPBDS)单体, 采用红外光谱和核磁共振等方法对其结构进行了表征. 使用mBAPBDS, 2-(对胺基苯基)苯并噁唑-5-胺(APBA)和1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸二酐(NTDA)共聚合成了含有噁唑结构的新型磺化聚酰亚胺(NTDA-mBAPBDS/APBA), 通过控制磺化二胺与非磺化二胺的比例来控制磺化程度. NTDA-mBAPBDS/APBA共聚物表现出较好的溶解性、成膜性能和良好的热稳定性, 其磺酸基团分解温度高于300 ℃. 采用溶液浇铸法制备了磺化聚酰亚胺(SPIs)膜, 对膜的吸水率、溶胀度和质子电导率等性能进行了初步的研究. 结果表明, SPIs膜具有适当的吸水率和良好的尺寸稳定性, 其室温电导率在4.72×10－3和9.60×10－3 S/cm之间, 接近于相同条件下Nafion®117的电导率(9.80×10－3 S/cm).     

DBAH-Tf靶向药物及其对乳腺癌细胞的杀伤作用分析

以转铁蛋白(Tf)为靶向载体,与双氢青蒿素(DHA)化学偶联制备一种新的双氢青蒿素衍生物-转铁蛋白靶向药物.以DHA为原料先合成了12β-对甲酰肼苯基双氢青蒿素(DBAH),并采用紫外、红外、核磁共振及电化学等手段对目标产物的结构进行了表征.利用高碘酸钠氧化Tf的C端的N-糖链上的邻位羟基,其氧化产物和DBAH通过希夫碱偶联合成了DBAH-Tf靶向药物,采用紫外吸收光谱法和电化学方法进行表征.四甲基氮唑蓝法(MTT)分析了DBAH-Tf及DHA对人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)和正常乳腺细胞的体外杀伤作用, 结果表明,DBAH-Tf对MCF-7的杀伤作用是正常乳腺癌细胞的286倍,体现出良好的靶向性.     

Cu~(2+)对质子交换膜燃料电池氧电极性能的影响

以旋转圆盘电极模拟PEMFC阴极,计时库仑、循环伏安、线性扫描等电化学方法研究Cu2+电解液对碳载铂催化剂电化学活性和氧还原性能的影响.结果表明,在恒电位0.49 V下,Pt/C催化剂活性比表面(ECA)明显减小,此际基底可能发生Cu欠电位沉积,从而掩盖催化剂的活性比表面;数据拟合指明Cu欠电位沉积占据催化剂表面部分氧原子吸附点位,使该点位桥式吸附的氧原子转变为顶式吸附氧原子.     

Ho~(3+)修饰的Pt/C电极对DMM的电催化氧化

通过循环伏安法(CV),计时电流法(CA)和线性扫描法(LSV)对二甲氧基甲烷的电氧化特性进行了研究.发现当用Ho3+修饰Pt/C催化剂电极后可以大幅度提高电极对DMM的电催化活性.热处理Ho3+修饰后Pt/C催化剂电极,可进一步提高该电极对DMM的电催化氧化活性.