环境侵权行为的特征及应采取的对策

环境侵权行为与一般侵权行为有显著的不同 ,环境侵权行为具有不平等性、不可互换性、社会妥当性、合法性、间接性、继续性、反复性、广阔性、累积性等特点。针对环境侵权行为 ,建议从制订和完善环境资源的法律法规、加大宣传力度等方面采取对策     

Structure and dynamics of ovalbumin gels

Solvent effects on dynamical and thermal behaviors of ovalbumin (OVA) gels induced by thermal denaturation at high temperature of 160°C were studied from dynamic shear modulus measurement, shear creep and creep recovery measurement, and DSC measurement. Two organic solvents, glycerin (G) and ethylene glycol (EG), and their mixtures with water (W)(G/W and EG/W) were used as solvent for preparation of gels. Stable gels formed in pure glycerin took a fractal structure at OVA concentration C range of 15–45wt% at a temperature specific to respective C, whereas a fractal structure was not observed for gels prepared in EG, G/W, and EG/W. The results were consistent with thermal denaturation behaviors of OVA in these solvents. Morphologies of two gels prepared in water and glycerin were explored using high resolution SEM, which showed that a basic unit responsible for formation of OVA gels was spheres with a diameter ranging from 20 to 40 nm, being much larger than 5.6 nm of the diameter of native OVA, and a fractal structure was related to network formation accompanied by melting of those spheres.Dedicated to Prof. John D. Ferry on the occasion of his 85th birthday.     

三核铁甲酸簇合物[Fe_3(μ_3-O)(μ-O_2CH)_6(H_2O)_2(O_2CH)]·2H_2O在乙炔、水汽体系中的反应行为

本文研究了[Fe_3(μ_3-O)(μ-O_2CH)_6(H_2O)_2(O_2CH)]·2H_2O(简称)在乙炔、水汽体系中的反应行为。发现当温度高于220℃,脱落部分配体的具有活化乙炔进行加成反应的性能。采用原位红外光谱法和气相色谱法对此反应过程进行了跟踪探索,报道了产物的定性及半定量结果。     

Asymptotic behavior of an unstirred chemostat model with internal inhibitor

This paper deals with a chemostat model with an internal inhibitor. First, the elementary stability and asymptotic behavior of solutions of the system are determined. Second, the effects of the inhibitor are considered. It turns out that the parameter μ, which measures the effect of the inhibitor, plays a very important role in deciding the stability and longtime behavior of solutions of the system. The results show that if μ is sufficiently large, this model has no coexistence solution and one of the semitrivial equilibria is a global attractor when the maximal growth rate a of the species u lies in certain range; but when a belongs to another range, all positive solutions of this model are governed by a limit problem, and two semitrivial equilibria are bistable. The main tools used here include monotone system theory, degree theory, bifurcation theory and perturbation technique.     

抗溶剂沉淀沥青质过程相态及相平衡研究

以辽河减压渣油为原料、汽油为溶剂、丙烷为抗溶剂 ,在温度 5 0～ 10 0℃、压力 3.0～ 5 .0MPa及抗溶剂比为 1.0～ 2 .5的条件下 ,在RUSKA 2 370 6 0 1高压无汞双釜PVT相平衡仪装置上对抗溶剂沉淀沥青质的相态进行了研究 ,考察了温度、抗溶剂比与压力对沥青质沉淀过程的相态变化、脱沥青油收率及质量的影响。研究结果表明 ,升高温度、增大抗溶剂比及降低压力 ,都能降低轻相密度、轻相中脱沥青油的含量、脱沥青油的收率与残炭值 ,同时使脱沥青油中饱和分含量增加 ,并改善脱沥青油的质量。     

Newton’s method and its use in optimization

Newton’s method is a basic tool in numerical analysis and numerous applications, including operations research and data mining. We survey the history of the method, its main ideas, convergence results, modifications, its global behavior. We focus on applications of the method for various classes of optimization problems, such as unconstrained minimization, equality constrained problems, convex programming and interior point methods. Some extensions (non-smooth problems, continuous analog, Smale’s results, etc.) are discussed briefly, while some others (e.g., versions of the method to achieve global convergence) are addressed in more details.     

γ－Fe_2SiO_4在静水压下的压缩行为的测定

采用同步辐射高压原位Ｘ光衍射技术及金刚石对顶压砧高压装置，对γ－Ｆｅ＿２ＳｉＯ＿４进行了静水压条件下等温压缩行为的测定，最高压力达２３ＧＰａ。γ－Ｆｅ＿２ｓｉＯ＿４在０～２３ＧＰａ压力范围内的ｐ、Ｖ数据表明，其等温压缩可分为两个阶段：若设Ｋ＇＿０＝４，在０～１８Ｇｐａ，Ｋ＿０＝１８９±２ＧＰａ；而在１８～２３０Ｐａ，Ｋ＿０＝２１３±２ＧＰａ。我们认为，样品在１８ＧＰａ以下处于较好的静水压状态，压力超过１８ＧＰａ，传压介质的静水压性质变坏，所以Ｋ＿０值偏高。在整个实验过程中并未发现样品有任何发生相变的迹象。最后，对一些虽然使用了液体介质但得不到静水压条件的实验现象进行了讨论。     

时滞Logistic方程与不等式解的振动性与渐近性

本文研究了时滞Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ方程与不等式关于方程平衡占的振动与非振动解的渐近性问题，得到了一些新的充分条件。本文的结果推广并改进了若干已知的定理。     

一类Ginzburg-Landau型泛函的径向极小元的渐近性

The behavior of radial minimizers for a Ginzburg-Landau type functional is considered. The weak convergence of minimizers in W1,n is improved to the strong convergence in W1,n. Some estimates of the rate of the convergence for the module of minimizers are presented.