Preliminary study on dual fluorescence behavior of porphyrin

It is well known that porphyrin derivatives play a key role in the primary process of photo-synthesis[1], in which porphyrins directly absorb the sunlight or indirectly acquire excitation en-ergy from light-harvesting antenna system to reach their excited state, and then donate electrons to quinone acceptors to yield a series of charge-separated species. In general, only first singlet ex-cited state of porphyrins is involved in energy transfer process[2]. However, highly excited state (S2 stat…     

聚吡咯衍生物的合成及液晶性能

系统论述了新型导电功能性液晶聚合物3-和N-液晶基元取代聚吡咯的合成和液晶行为。指出通过化学氧化聚合、电化学氧化聚合和脱卤缩合聚合可以获得液晶性聚吡咯衍生物。它们均显示热致液晶行为，且多数呈现近晶液晶相，少数呈现向列液晶相，有些具有2种近晶相，有些具有单变液晶性。N-液晶基元取代聚吡咯比3-位取代聚吡咯具有较高的液晶稳定性。较长的亚甲基间隔和极性的介晶基团能够使N-取代聚吡咯具有较大的液晶微区和稳定的液晶相。N-取代液晶聚吡咯在摩擦力的作用下还可以诱发单轴取向。这种热致液晶性聚吡咯衍生物的研究成功有希望克服聚吡咯难以成型加工的巨大障碍。     

聚丙烯基纳米碳纤维复合材料结晶行为研究

采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了纳米碳纤维对PP／CNF复合材料中PP结晶行为的影响。结果表明：纳米碳纤雏可提高PP的结晶温度，但略降低其结晶速率和结晶度。提高纳米碳纤雏含量或减小纳米碳纤雏直径，PP结晶行为的上述变化更为明显，但结晶速率随纳米碳纤维含量出现先减小后增大的趋势。     

2种癸二酸咪唑啉季铵盐的合成及缓蚀性能评价

合成了2种癸二酸咪唑啉季铵盐癸二酸-水杨酸咪唑啉季铵盐(SSAI)和癸二酸咪唑啉季铵盐(SAI),并采用失重法和电化学方法研究了这2种咪唑啉季铵盐对N80钢在1 mol/L HCl溶液中的缓蚀性能和吸附行为。 结果表明,在1 mol/L HCl溶液中这2种化合物对N80钢均有较好的缓蚀作用,缓蚀效率大小顺序为SSAI＞SAI。 SSAI和SAI均为混合偏阳极型缓蚀剂。 2种化合物在N80钢表面的吸附服从Langmuir吸附等温式,属于化学吸附。     

模拟城市生活垃圾热处理过程中Cd与Pb挥发特性研究

以Cd与Pb为研究对象,在流化床反应器上对模拟城市生活垃圾Al₂O₃热处理过程中重金属的动力学挥发特性进行了研究。分析了氧化还原条件、H₂O、HCl、SO₂及基体Al₂O₃对重金属的挥发特性影响。研究结果表明,Cd具有较强的挥发性,尤其是在通入HCl的情况下,而Pb的挥发程度则较低,同时氧浓度的增加会降低重金属的挥发。Al₂O₃颗粒中重金属的物理化学吸附以及重金属的扩散效应则同样在一定程度上抵制了重金属的释放,而SO₂的通入则在一定程度上促进了Cd与Pb的释放。     

Dispersion polymerization of styrene in ethanol–water media: Monomer partitioning behavior and locus of polymerization

A simulation model has been developed to predict the partitioning behavior of styrene in dispersion polymerization in ethanol–water mixtures. The composition of both the continuous phase and the dispersed phase are quantitatively estimated throughout the polymerization process. The presence of water in the system causes a considerable increase of the styrene partitioning in favor of the particles. Thus, at 70°C and for an initial composition of ethanol/water/styrene = 63.3/26.9/9.8, the concentration of styrene in the particles is about 4.8 times higher than that in the serum instead of about one in pure ethanol. The higher the polymerization temperature, the lower the styrene concentration in the particles; the higher the initial styrene concentration, the higher the styrene concentration in the particles, whereas the partition coefficient is not largely effected. In contrast, neither the interfacial tension nor the final particle size do significantly alter the simulation results. The predicted data from this model have been successfully applied to clarify the mechanisms involved in dispersion polymerization, in terms of stabilization and of kinetic events. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36 : 325–335, 1998     

水煤浆添加剂与煤之间的相互作用规律研究 Ⅰ. 复合煤颗粒间的相互作用对水煤浆流变性的影响

使用12种不同分散剂对14种不同变质程度的煤进行了成浆性实验，分析了182个水煤浆(CWS)样品的流变性。结果表明，低变质程度和高灰煤浆多呈屈服假塑性，煤的性质起主导作用；变质程度高且灰分较低煤浆的流变性，主要依赖于分散剂的结构与性质；分子结构单元立体空间效应大，疏水基团与亲水基团呈立体间隔分布的分散剂，易形成屈服假塑性CWS；分子线度长，亲水基团与疏水基团呈线性间隔分布的分散剂，易形成胀塑性CWS。复合煤粒间的相互作用方式是决定CWS流变特性的关键。     

表面改性SUS316L不锈钢的电化学行为研究

分别以表面镀Rh,表面离子束增强沉积Ta2O5膜及溶胶凝胶法沉积TiO2膜对冠状动脉支架用材料SUS316L不锈钢进行表面改性.采用电化学方法研究了该表面改性试样在Tyrode's模拟人工体液中的电化学行为.结果表明,上述3种表面改性方法均可提高SUS316L不锈钢在模拟人工体液中的阳极极化性能.其中对于采用离子束增强法沉积的Ta2O5膜和溶胶凝胶法沉积的TiO2膜,因Ta和Ti上的d轨道空位已被氧的电子占据,不利于氢吸附,从而抑制了阴极的析氢过程.X射线衍射分析发现,3种改性方法在SUS316L不锈钢表面依次形成均匀而致密的Rh金属层,Ta2O5的无序膜层和TiO2晶态膜层,阻止了合金元素的溶解,改善不锈钢的电化学性能.     

辐照对聚己内酯结构和性能的影响

研究了γ 辐照对不同分子量的聚己内酯 (PCL)的力学性能、热性能、结晶行为的影响 ,在此基础上 ,研究了辐射交联后的PCL的形状记忆行为 .研究结果表明 ,PCL的分子量越大 ,辐射交联所需的凝胶化剂量越低 .溶胶分数S +S1 2 与 1 D的关系很好地符合Charlesby Pinner关系式 ,说明PCL的辐射交联属于无规交联 .剂量对PCL的力学性能影响显著 ,剂量越大 ,抗张强度和断裂伸长率下降越多 ,但分子量较高的PCL的抗张强度受剂量的影响较小 .DMA分析表明 ,聚己内酯辐照交联后的弹性模量和耐热性能显著提高 .交联度较高的PCL表现出高弹态 ,可以拉伸 ,并具有较好的形状记忆行为 .DSC分析表明 ,辐射交联使PCL的结晶度有所增加 ,但也使结晶熔点有所降低     

Novel aromatic polyhydrazides and poly(amide-hydrazide)s based on “multiring” flexible dicarboxylic acids

Two flexible dicarboxylic acid monomers, 4,4′-[isopropylidenebis(1,4-phenylene)dioxy]dibenzoic acid ( 1 ) and 4,4′-[hexafluoroisopropylidenebis(1,4-phenylene)-dioxy]dibenzoic acid ( 3 ), were synthesized from readily available compounds in two steps in high yields. High molecular-weight polyhydrazides and poly(amide-hydra-zide)s were directly prepared from dicarboxylic acids 1 and 3 with terephthalic dihydrazide ( 5 ), isophthalic dihydrazide ( 6 ), and p-aminobenzhydrazide ( 7 ) by the phosphorylation reaction by means of diphenyl phosphite (DPP) and pyridine in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)/LiCl, or prepared from the diacyl chlorides of 1 and 3 with the hydrazide monomers 5–7 by the low-temperature solution polycondensation in NMP/LiCl. Less favorable results were obtained when using triphenyl phosphite (TPP) instead of DPP in the direct polycondensation reactions. Except for those derived from terephthalic dihydrazide, the resulting polyhydrazides and poly(amide-hydrazide)s could be cast into colorless, flexible, and tough films with good tensile strengths. All the hydrazide polymers and copolymers are amorphous in nature and are readily soluble in various polar solvents such as NMP and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Their T_gs were recorded in the range of 162–198°C and could be thermally cyclodehydrated into the corresponding polyoxadiazoles and poly(amide-oxadiazole)s approximately in the region of 300–380°C, as evidenced by the DSC thermograms. The oxadiazole polymers and copolymers showed a dramatically decreased solubility and higher T_g when compared to their respective hydrazide prepolymers. They exhibited T_gs of 190–216°C and were stable up to 450°C in air or nitrogen. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 1847–1854, 1998