地表水引水工程环境经济损益评价

如何从环境经济损益角度考虑引水工程的环境可行性，是环境影响评价工作十分关注的问题。探讨了作为非污染生态项目的地表水引水工程建设中的环境损失及其效益，为从环境经济角度判断工程建设可行与否提供了决策依据。     

基于层面信息的路径优化

根据分层物体快速成型（LOM）中零件逐层累积的特点，从缩短加工时间、提高制件效率方面着手阐述了路径优化的必要性，针对LOM机的运动机理和软件数据结构，给出了扫描路径优化的原理，将图论中的便宜算法用于LOM机的扫描路径优化。     

Slow crack growth in blends of HDPE and model copolymers

The resistance to slow crack growth (SCG) was measured in binary blends of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and 5–10% concentrations of model ethylene-butene random copolymers by measuring the time to failure (t_f) under a constant stress intensity. An increase of t_f with the addition of the copolymer if the copolymer could crystallize and the increase was greater the higher branch density. The copolymer with 117 branches/1000C could not crystallize and therefore its blend had a t_f that was less than that of the HDPE. The fracture energies of the blends as determined by their resistance to SCG were compared with the energy by rapid fracture, J_c, as previously measured by Rhee and Crist. It is concluded that SCG is more sensitive to variations in the microstructure than is rapid fracture and that the differences in SCG behavior can be qualitatively explained in terms of the differences in microstructure of the blends. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

模糊集合论在矿山控制网布设和图纸质量评定中的应用

应用模糊数学方法研究和处理矿山测量中存在的具有“模糊性”的问题。例如控制网布设方案及矿山测量图纸质量的综合评判。它能更准确地描述用精确数学模型难以描述的问题。     

扩展裂纹缺陷评定方法的优化研究

裂纹扩展的缺陷评定方法,越益受到了人们的重视,美国ＥＰＲＩ提出的“裂纹 推力图”方法,虽然准确合理,但方法偏于繁复,尚难于向工程界推广。清华大学力学 研究所曾先后提出几种评定方法,以期使评定过程得以简化。在此基础上,文章提出 “相容应力增量”法作为优化方法,它将使全部评定过程大为简化,从而为扩展裂纹的 缺陷评定方法向工程界推广创造便利条件。     

Microrobotics and MEMS-based fabrication techniques for scaffold-based tissue engineering

Scaffold based tissue engineering strategies use cells, biomolecules and a scaffold to promote the repair and regeneration of tissues. Although scaffold-based tissue engineering approaches are being actively developed, most are still experimental, and it is not yet clear what defines an ideal scaffold/cell construct. Solid free form fabrication (SFF) techniques can precisely control matrix architecture (size, shape, interconnectivity, branching, geometry and orientation). The SFF methods enable the fabrication of scaffolds with various designs and material compositions, thus providing a control of mechanical properties, biological effects and degradation kinetics. This paper reviews the application of micro-robotics and MEMS-based fabrication techniques for scaffold design and fabrication. It also presents a novel robotic technique to fabricate scaffold/cell constructs for tissue engineering by the assembly of microscopic building blocks.     

城市土地质量评估方法研究

文章通过分析决定城市地价的相关因素，给出了对城市土地质量进行评级的模糊综合评估方法，使城市地价的确定更加客观规范。     

基于Web的形成性考核智能管理系统研究

以远程开放教育中形成性考核工作的需要为中心，充分利用现代计算机技术、多媒体技术、通信技术、数据挖掘和人工智能等技术，充分利用现有管理系统中的数据，建立了基于WEB的形成性考核智能管理系统，实现了考核课程学生自主学习的智能引导、全过程监控、科学合理评价到形成性考核成绩的自动化。最大可能的发挥形成性考核对学生学习的促进作用。     

应用BP神经网络模型实现内圆磨床主要零件的快速反应设计

用数字化模型代替三维实体模型，将内圆磨床主要大件的BP神经网络模型放入数据库信息管理系统，应用较简单的使用方法实现了零件结构的再修改、灵敏度分析及优化．根据所提出的方法，通过从数据库信息管理系统中调用桥板的数据文件，对其进行结构参数修改、灵敏度分析及以第1阶扭转频率最高为目标的设计变量自动搜索寻优计算，结果表明将BP神经网络模型与数据库信息管理系统结合是实现零件快速反应设计的有效途径．     

Rapid cold hardening process of insects and its ecologically adaptive significance

In contrast to overwintering cold hardening, a rapid cold hardening process has recently been described in insects. This process can rapidly enhance cold tolerance of insects in several hours or even minutes. The characteristics of rapid cold hardening include inducing conditions, cold hardening effects, and fitness costs. Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of rapid cold hardening include rapid changes in the phospholipid composition and the increase in hemolymph osmolalities, polyols production, proline and cold-induced proteins. Moreover, there are different views about the ecologically adaptive significance of rapid cold hardening in insects. This paper reviews research results about rapid cold hardening of insects since 1987, focusing on forms of cold injury, strategies of cold tolerance, and definitions, characteristics, physiological and biochemical mechanisms and adaptive significance of rapid cold hardening.