公路装配式空心板桥加宽预压施工新工艺研究与应用

针对公路装配式空心板桥,在分析影响桥梁加宽效果关键因素的基础上,提出了预压加宽施工新工艺,并在工程实例桥加宽改造施工中进行的应用验证,该施工工艺可用于类似桥梁的加宽改造.     

一个有趣的设计性实验

将普通物理实验中,惠斯通电桥实验延伸发展成设计性实验课题：研究桥臂对电桥灵敏度的影响,让学生做理论分析和实验研究得出结论,极大地提高了学生的学习兴趣,培养了学生的科学素养和科研能力。     

虎跳门特大桥深水大孔径钻孔桩施工工艺

以虎跳门特大桥33号墩深水大孔径钻孔桩施工为例,从栈桥平台搭设、钻机选择、钻进参数选择、护筒制作及插打、KTY3000钻机钻进、钢筋笼制作与下放以及水下混凝土灌注等方面详细介绍了深水、大孔径钻孔桩施工工艺.     

基于可拓分析的轨道车辆齿轮箱可靠性评估

采用可拓分析方法研究轨道车辆齿轮箱在线路运行时的可靠性评估问题.基于可拓理论的蕴含及可扩分析方法对齿轮箱可靠性物元进行分析,设定其可靠性评估的上位目标和下位目标;建立基于齿轮箱结构部件运行状态的比例故障率模型,应用粒子群优化算法对故障率模型进行参数的极大似然估计;以参数估计结果为基础,构建各部件的可靠性物元,进而实现对齿轮箱可靠性的整体评估.分析实例表明,在齿轮箱的当前运行状态下,大齿轮轴承Ⅰ和小齿轮的可靠性相对较低,是行车中应重点监测的部件.     

应用高分子材料整治铁路桥梁支座病害

分析了铁路桥梁支座病害的成因,介绍了应用高分子材料整治桥梁支座病害的施工工艺和取得的效果.     

创新的中国高速铁路技术(上)

高速铁路是超大、复杂的系统工程。文章论述了中国铁路路情急需发展高速铁路;通过博采众长,研究试验,构建创新的中国高速铁路技术体系;介绍了近期高速铁路建设的工程实践     

轨道交通线路全断面车载式动态检测系统研究

为及时掌握轨道交通线路全断面尺寸及发展趋势,提出了融合激光扫描测量和高精度惯性基准测量技术的车载式全断面检测系统方案.详细分析了如何利用车体运动模型和卡尔曼滤波算法建立精确的动态测量基准,对振动误差进行补偿,并借助数学仿真讨论了方案的可行性.     

Evidence for ion–ion interactions between peptides and anions (HSO4− or ClO4−) derived from high‐acidity acids

The existence of gas‐phase electrostatic ion–ion interactions between protonated sites on peptides ([Glu] Fibrinopeptide B, Angiotensin I and [Asn¹, Val⁵]‐Angiotensin II) and attaching anions (ClO₄^? and HSO₄^?) derived from strong inorganic acids has been confirmed by CID MS/MS. Evidence for ion–ion interactions comes especially from the product ions formed during the first dissociation step, where, in addition to the expected loss of the anion or neutral acid, other product ions are also observed that require covalent bond cleavage (i.e. H₂O loss when several carboxylate groups are present, or NH₃ loss when only one carboxylate group is present). For [[Glu] Fibrinopeptide B + HSO₄]^?, under CID, H₂O water loss was found to require less energy than H₂SO₄ departure. This indicates that the interaction between HSO₄^? and the peptide is stronger than the covalent bond holding the hydroxyl group, and must be an ion–ion interaction. The strength and stability of this type of ion‐pairing interaction are highly dependent on the accessibility of additional mobile charges to the site. Positive mobile charges such as protons from the peptide can be transferred to the attaching anion to possibly form a neutral that may depart from the complex. Alternatively, an ion–ion interaction can be disrupted by a competing proximal additional negatively charged site of the peptide that can potentially form a salt bridge with the positively charged site and thereby facilitate the attaching anion's departure. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-bridged coumarin derivatives for organic light-emitting devices

Three biscoumarin dyes bridged by polycyclic aromatic bridges (anthracen, pyrene and dibenzo[g,p]chrysene) were prepared as the emissive materials for the application of organic light-emitting devices. The relationship between their structures, photophysical properties, electrochemical properties and performances of organic light-emitting devices are described. The multilayered doped devices with a configuration of ITO/NPB (20 nm)/TBADN: biscoumarin compound (x wt%, 30 nm)/TPBi (30 nm)/Liq (2 nm)/Al (100 nm) have been successfully fabricated by vacuum-deposition method. All the devices showed green emission with high electroluminescent efficiencies. Especially, the device based on the compound containing pyrene as a bridge group at 7% doping concentration showed the best performance with a maximum brightness of 10552 cd/m², maximum luminous efficiency of 5.39 cd/A and maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 2.35%.     

大气环境下的钢筋混凝土桥梁时变可靠度分析

为了探究钢筋混凝土桥梁抗力退化对桥梁可靠性能的影响,综合考虑一般大气环境下混凝土强度、钢筋强度、混凝土与钢筋黏结性能的降低,建立普通钢筋混凝土桥梁的抗力退化时变模型,分析规范车辆荷载作用的桥梁时变可靠度。研究结果表明,(1)一般大气环境下,桥梁抗力随着服役时间的增加而减小,其中钢筋强度退化对桥梁抗力的影响最大,其次是钢筋与混凝土黏结性能降低,而混凝土强度退化对桥梁抗力的影响相对较小; (2)桥梁可靠指标随着服役时间的增加而减小,密集行车占比越大,桥梁承载能力失效的概率就越大;非平稳车载作用下的桥梁可靠指标小于平稳车载,桥梁需要维修补强的时间比平稳车载提前; (3)多梁式简支梁桥在建造时应该提高边梁的安全储备,在管养时可以采取限载措施进行干预。