无溶剂研磨条件下四氢苯并吡喃衍生物的一锅法合成

四氢苯并吡喃衍生物在药物和农药研究中有着广泛的用途. 基于合成这类化合物的传统方法所用溶剂多为对环境不利的极性溶剂, 且合成需分步进行, 在提倡绿色化学和发展节约型经济的今天, 如何改良这类反应已成为一个热点. 本工作通过选择不同的碱尝试反应最佳条件, 发现用价廉易得的碳酸钾为碱, 对不同官能团取代的底物芳醛采用研磨的手段, 在无溶剂条件下, 一锅法可成功合成四氢苯并吡喃衍生物. 该法条件温和, 收率高, 易于操作, 对环境影响小.     

机器人主动柔顺恒力打磨控制方法

为了解决打磨过程中打磨控制系统存在扰动问题,设计了一种机器人力控末端执行器,并提出了一种机器人主动柔顺恒力打磨自抗扰模糊变阻抗控制方法.所提方法的内环控制采用模糊变阻抗控制器,外环控制采用自抗扰打磨控制器.采用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了所提方法的跟踪误差收敛为零.通过仿真和实验,验证了所提方法的有效性和适用性.研究结果表明：在内环控制相同情况下,与外环控制为PID控制器相比,所提出的机器人主动柔顺恒力打磨自抗扰模糊变阻抗控制方法减小了打磨过程中的力跟踪误差和位置超调量,提高了机器人打磨力控制系统的控制效果和鲁棒性,实现机器人柔顺恒力控制.     

磨削加工的声发射信号分析

对磨削加工中产生的声发射信号进行了分析,讨论了磨削过程中声发射信号影响因素,指出各种声发射信号与其磨削加工状态与有着良好的对应关系,可以用来对磨削加工过程和磨削质量进行监控。     

Interactions between naproxen and maltoheptaose,the non-cyclic analog ofβ-cyclodextrin

The crystallinity of naproxen in solid combinations with amorphous maltoheptaose, the non-cyclic analog of -cyclodextrin, was assessed using differential scanning calorimetry supported by X-ray powder diffractometry. Cogrinding induced a decrease in drug crystalinity to an extent which depended on the grinding time, and was most pronounced for the combination of equimolecular composition. Thermal analysis showed that the mechanism behind the conversion of crystalline naproxen into the amorphous state by cogrinding with maltoheptaose differed from that with randomly substituted, amorphous -cyclodextrins. Interactions of naproxen with maltoheptaose in aqueous solution were studied by means of fluorescence spectroscopy, phase-solubility analysis, and computeraided molecular modelling. Maltoheptaose can wrap up naproxen, taking on a cyclic conformation and forming a pseudo inclusion complex (apparent binding constant K_{1: 1} = 1.0 × 10³ (–20%) L mol^–1 at 25 °C) which is about as stable as the true inclusion complex with -cyclodextrin in the lowest temperature range (0-100 K). A better complexing ability for naproxen in terms of binding constant values, however, was displayed by both native and derivatized -cyclodextrins, the hosts with covalently-bound cyclic structures.     

Effect of grinding on thermal reactivity of ceramic clay minerals

The effect of grinding on thermal behavior of pyrophyllite and talc as commonly used ceramic clay minerals was investigated by DTA, TG, emanation thermal analysis (ETA), B.E.T. surface area (s.a.) measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A vibratory mill was used in this study, grinding time was 5 min. It was found that the grinding caused an increase in surface area and a grain size reduction of the samples. From TG and DTA results it followed that grinding caused a decrease of the temperature at which the structure bound OH groups released. The formation of high temperature phases was enhanced with the ground samples. For the ground talc sample the crystallization of non-crystalline phase into orthorhombic enstatite was observed in the range of 800°C. For ground pyrophyllite a certain agglomeration of grains was observed in the range above 950°C. Moreover, for both clays the ETA characterized a closing up of subsurface irregularities caused by grinding as a decrease of the emanation rate in the range 250–400°C. The comparison of thermal analysis results with the results of other methods made it possible to better understand the effect of grinding on the ceramic clays.     

磨削加工中磨削参数的模糊优化设计

将磨削加工中磨削参数的选择转化为优化设计问题．以最高生产率为目标函数，考虑了各约束边界的模糊性，建立了优化磨削参数的数学模型，运用模糊优化设计方法确定磨削加工中最佳的磨削参数。     

波纹重轨轨腰强度的数值分析

建立起波纹轨腰钢轨计算模型，运用有限元数值计算软件分别计算了平板、波纹两种轨腰在不同承载条件下的应力和位移，获得了大量的应力、位移计算数据，分析了两种轨腰结构的应力、位移分布规律和特点，为波纹轨腰钢轨的研究提供了数据支持。     

纳米结构陶瓷(n-WC/12Co)涂层材料精密磨削的试验研究

对纳米结构陶瓷(n—WC／12Co)涂层材料在金刚石砂轮精密磨削过程中的磨削力进行了较详细的试验研究，对常规结构陶瓷(c—WC／12Co)和n—WC／12Co涂层材料的磨削力作了对比磨削试验。分析了磨削工艺参数如砂轮磨削深度、工件进给速度、金刚石砂轮粘结剂类型和磨粒尺寸以及被磨试件材料特性等对磨削力的影响。结合被磨试件表面的扫描电镜(SEM)的观察，分析了n—WC／12Co涂层材料磨削的材料去除机理。     

端磨渗碳钢时磨削烧伤的预测和控制

通过实验，分析了端磨渗碳钢时影响磨削烧伤的因素，提出了对磨削烧伤进行预测和控制的途径。结论对生产实际有一定的参考价值。     

磨削的轴承沟道表面微观不平度建模与分析

在分析轴承内圈沟道磨削机理的基础上，确定影响磨削表面微观不平度平均间距Ｓｍ的因素，按混合型正交表设计了多因素试验方案．通过试验数据逐步回归，建立磨削表面微观不平度平均间距Ｓｍ与工艺参数关系的最优回归模型．对Ｓｍ数学模型多维分析得出几点重要结论．