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131.
经过岩土体介质反射回的地质雷达波特征携带了所穿透的岩土体内部的相关信息,其中地质雷达波频谱主频值可以作为判断岩土体结构特征的一个定量指标. 以围岩为石英砂岩的公路隧道工程为依托,采用MALA地质雷达配100 MHz屏蔽天线,对隧道掌子面前方的石英砂岩体进行超前地质探测试验,分析典型的Ⅴ级、Ⅳ级和Ⅲ级石英砂岩围岩的雷达波形图图像特征和雷达波在岩体介质中传播的傅里叶频谱特征. 通过分析现场试验数据,得出岩体介质的雷达波主频值因自身结构特征和周边环境变化而在一定的敏感频率区间内的规律. 对比分析研究结果与工程开挖实际,表明通过分析超前地质探测获得的雷达波傅里叶频谱主频值特征来反演识别围岩结构特征是切实可行的. 相似文献
132.
S. J. Stevens R. J. Hand J. H. Sharp 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1997,49(3):1409-1415
The cristobalite - inversion has been studied using DSC on cristobalites produced by firing high purity quartz with and without addition of a mineraliser. If no mineraliser was used, the inversion temperatures and hysteresis on heating and cooling increased with firing temperature. Firing time had little or no effect on inversion temperature. When a mineraliser was used, the same general trend was observed with increases in firing time at low temperatures leading to splitting of the inversion peak. The amount of mineraliser added had little effect. Tridymite inversions were also observed. The results are explained in terms of the degree of order of the cristobalite structure.We are grateful for the award of an S.E.R.C. CASE award in conjunction with Specialist Refractory Services to SJS. Helpful discussions have been held with Mr. D. W. Bailey and Dr. P. Watkins. 相似文献
133.
The interaction between cells and biomaterials has been mimicked using nylon microparticles as pseudo-cells and PLMA and PIBMA as biomaterial model acrylate polymers. The shift of fundamental resonance frequencies was negative for both polymers, indicating mass-coupling to the sensor surface. The shifts of the 3rd, 5th and 7th overtone frequencies were initially positive for both polymers, indicating a particle slip or wobbling on the surface. The QCM technique could discriminate between the two different polymers, showing increased interaction between microparticle and PLMA. The dissipation shift was positive for all overtones on both polymers, but again with faster and more prominent response for PLMA. 相似文献
134.
M. P. Gispert A. P. Serro R. Colaço B. Saramago 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2008,40(12):1529-1537
The importance of protein adsorption on biomaterials is widely recognized, but the dependence of the adsorption results on the chosen technique has not been much addressed. The objective of this work is to compare adsorption data obtained using several techniques under experimental conditions as closely as possible. Two case studies were investigated: adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto 316L stainless steel (SS) and onto alumina. Both materials were used as powders and plates, whose characterization was done through zeta potential (ZP) measurements. The experimental techniques were depletion, protein radiolabeling, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM‐D) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The adsorption isotherms obtained with depletion and QCM‐D techniques, although quantitatively different, present some similarities in shape. Both techniques suggest the existence of a compact end‐on monolayer of protein on the SS surface, while on the alumina surface a less dense side‐on monolayer is formed at lower BSA concentration, followed by a second layer at higher concentration. AFM topographical characterization of the protein films adsorbed on both materials confirms those findings. Further use of AFM in determining the thickness of the film adsorbed on SS yielded values in good agreement with the QDM‐D results. Different surface charges measured on powders and plates do not seem to affect adsorption. Protein radiolabeling seems to be the least reliable technique because it yields, for both materials, adsorption values higher than those from the other techniques. In the case of SS, the difference amounts to one order of magnitude. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
135.
A multi‐channel piezoelectric quartz crystal gas sensor comprising arrays coated with various organic materials and a home‐made computer interface for data processing were prepared and employed to detect six kinds of common organic pollutants from petrochemical plants including benzene, styrene, chloroform, octane, hexene and hexyne. The principal component analysis (PCA) method was employed to select six kinds of appropriate coating materials for these organic pollutants from 22 adsorbents onto piezoelectric crystals. After performing a PCA assay, six representative coating materials, namely Polyisobutylene, Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (SE30), 4‐tert‐Butylcalix[6]arene, Cholesteryl chloroformate, C60‐Polyphenyl acetylene (C60‐PPA) and Ag(I)/cryptand‐2,2/Ethylene diamine/NH3/Polyvinyl chloride were selected. Moreover, effects of coating load of adsorbents and concentration of pollutants were also investigated. Three kinds of recognition techniques including 2D PCA score map, radar plot and back‐propagation neural network (BPN) were employed for qualitative analysis of these organic pollutants, and a quantitative analysis method could be established by creating calibration curves for each organic pollutant. This homemade multi‐channel piezoelectric quartz crystal gas sensor showed a good detection limit of 0.068‐1.127 mg/L for these organic pollutants. The multi‐channel piezoelectric gas sensor exhibited good reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.1‐9.6%. Furthermore, this multi‐channel piezoelectric crystal detection system with BPN recognition technique was also utilized to successfully distinguish and identify each component of the mixture of organic gas samples. Multivariate linear regression (MLR) analysis was employed to quantitatively compute the concentration of species in the organic mixtures. 相似文献
136.
137.
The carbohydrate research has emerged as a "new frontier" in chemical/biological field. The binding of lectin with carbohydrate is one of the important courses of life activities. The report studies concanavalin A (Con A)-glycogen interaction on gold electrode surfaces by electrochemical piezoelectric quartz crystal impedance (EPQCI) method. The piezoelectric quartz crystal (PQC) parameters, resonant frequency shift (Deltaf(0)) and the motional resistance change (DeltaR(1)), and the electrochemical impedance (EI) parameters, electrolyte resistance change (DeltaR(s)) and the double layer capacitance change (DeltaC(s)), were measured and discussed simultaneously. Two methods were adopted for measuring the Con A-glycogen association. Based on EPQCI measurement during Con A reaction with glycogen adsorbed on Au electrode, association constant K(a) and the amount of the binding sites s calculated are 1.48 x 10(6) M(-1) and 4.09, respectively. Based on single PQC measurement of glycogen reaction with Con A assembled on Au electrode, K(a) was estimated to be 1.26 x 10(6) M(-1). 相似文献
138.
Bitton R Berglin M Elwing H Colin C Delage L Potin P Bianco-Peled H 《Macromolecular bioscience》2007,7(12):1280-1289
Adhesive materials extracted from the brown algae Fucus Serratus were studied. These adhesives are composed of cross-linked alginate and polyphenols oxidized in the presence of KI or KBr. All formulations were capable of adhering to a variety of surfaces, however the adhesion properties were influenced by the halide used. SAXS and TEM experiments revealed that oxidized polyphenols self-assemble into chain-like objects, irrespective of the oxidation conditions. Yet, slight differences in the aggregate size were detected. QCM-D results showed that the kinetics of the oxidation was faster with iodide than with bromide. Moreover, oxidation with iodide generates stiffer networks, suggesting that the interaction between the alginate and the polyphenol could be the cause of the reduced adhesion. 相似文献
139.
A new method for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) determination, which combines the series piezoelectric quartz crystal (SPQC) technique with the growth of a microorganism is presented in this paper. This method needs no immobilization of bacteria and is simple and convenient. When a calibration technique was used for BOD analysis, the detection time was 2.5 h at 37°C. There was a good linear relationship between the frequency shift and BOD value in the range 2.2–11 mg/L and the regression equation was ΔF = 64.10 + 11.23[BOD]. The proposed method was compared with the conventional BOD5 method. This method was more rapid than the BOD5 method and the results obtained by the former were in good agreement with those obtained by the latter. The experimental conditions are also discussed in detail. 相似文献
140.
Bineta Keita Essadik Abdeljalil François Girard Sophie Gerschwiler Louis Nadjo Roland Contant Christian Haut 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》1999,3(7-8):446-456
New oxide films have been electrodeposited from [P2Mo18O62]6− by potential cycling in mildly acidic aqueous media. To obtain an adherent and persistent film, it is necessary that more
than six electrons/molecule be fixed on the framework of the heteropolyanion. The film is then studied in pure supporting
electrolyte. In this medium, a remarkable current increase is observed during the potential cycling. Whether the film is deposited
on a glassy carbon electrode or on the gold electrode of an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), exactly the
same steady current increase up to a maximum is obtained in cyclic voltammetric measurements. The EQCM reveals a steady mass
increase during the continuous cycling of the film in the supporting electrolyte. This behaviour is interpreted as featuring
an irreversible water and electrolyte intake into the film, up to a maximum, after which the phenomena observed during reduction
and oxidation processes are taken as featuring intercalation/deintercalation, respectively. This behaviour is much the same
as described in the literature for WO3 and MoO3 bronzes, except that the present films seem very stable and have shown no tendency to dissolve or deactivate.
Received: 2 December 1998 / Accepted: 26 January 1999 相似文献