Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry (MIMS): A Versatile Tool for Direct,Real‐Time Chemical Measurements

Membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) is a direct, continuous, on‐line measurement technique. It utilizes a membrane to semi‐selectively transfer analyte mixtures from a sample to a mass spectrometer, rejecting the bulk of the sample matrix, which can be a gas, liquid or solid/slurry. Analyte selectivity and sensitivity are affected by optimizations at the membrane, ionization and the mass spectrometer levels. MIMS can be roughly classified by the acceptor phase that entrains analyte(s) to the mass spectrometer after membrane transport, either a gaseous acceptor phase (GP‐MIMS) or condensed acceptor phase (CP‐MIMS). The aim of this article is to provide an introduction to MIMS as a technique and to explore current variants, recent developments and modern applications, emphasizing examples from our group, the Applied Environmental Research Laboratories as well as selected work from others in this emerging area. Also provided is a synopsis of current and future directions for this versatile analytical technique. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于离散傅立叶变换的支持向量机光谱定量分析法

研究了火电厂电煤煤粉的近红外光谱特征,提取了前3个主成分和前6个离散傅立叶变换(DFT)系数,结合主成分得分、马氏距离和偏最小二乘(PLS)交互验证方法剔除异常样本,并建立偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)、栅格支持向量机回归(G-SVR)、遗传算法支持向量机回归(GA-SVR)和粒子群算法支持向量机回归(PSO-SVR)等定量分析模型。结果表明,利用DFT系数作为PSO-SVR模型的输入变量,当其进化代数为300,种群规模为20,模型参数c1、c2为1.5,1.7时,性能最优,其中校正集相关系数(RC)为0.990,测试集相关系数(RP)为0.954,定标标准差(SEC)为0.366,测试标准差(SEP)为0.128。该方法准确可靠,已成功应用于近红外在线电煤发热量监测系统,并可推广用于其它较为复杂的近红外在线分析系统。     

Quantitative estimates for bivariate Stancu operators

In this paper, we introduce Voronovskaja‐type and Grüss–Voronovskaja‐ type theorems in quantitative mean with the help of the usual modulus of continuity for bivariate Stancu operators, which are different from a tensor product setting.     

基于约束独立成分分析的多组分污染气体混叠峰识别

大气污染监测中测得的红外光谱是混合气体的红外光谱,针对主次吸收峰严重混叠的红外混合气体特征提取和识别问题,提出一种基于约束独立成分分析的光谱特征提取方法使谱线有效的区分开来,该方法引用峭度作为约束条件,运算时约束向量可使所对应的目标信源具有非高斯性极大的效用,提取出目标信源,并按统计度量的大小来进行排序,减少传统独立成分分析算法分离信号顺序、符号、幅度的不确定性,使得分离出来的独立分量更接近实际信源,应用支持向量机建立定量分析模型检验该算法分离效果。实验结果表明,该方法能够按需要顺序分离出混合气体光谱中的纯物质光谱。     

Incorporating Managerial Thinking in Prediction and Control: Case Study of Market Penetration

Managerial strategies, especially at the higher echelons of management, are often linguistically stated. This is because they need to be based on information which often defies quantification. Such verbal strategies and qualitative information have often been found to be difficult to incorporate in quantitative models. Thus, the quantitative effects of implementing one strategy as opposed to another have generally been difficult to forecast.In this paper, we show that, through the use of fuzzy logic, we can incorporate such qualitative (linguistically stated) information. Furthermore, we show that a fuzzy controller can be designed so as to reach desired goals while being cognizant of linguistically stated strategies, scenarios, and decision rules as well as quantitative data types.The approach is applied to the modeling and control of market penetration, a field which has attracted considerable attention in recent years.     

兰姆塔康抽水蓄能电站粉砂岩崩解性研究

本文在多种试验的基础上，对侏罗系普拉威汉组粉砂岩的崩解机理进行了研究。探讨了崩解指标与塑性指数、干容重、孔隙比、初始饱和度及岩石粒度成分等的量化表达关系。     

原始数据排序法——一种简便的定量地层学方法

该文给出一种简便的定量地层学方法——原始数据排序方法。该方法所研究的原始数据由P个地层剖面中取得的N个样品上观测M个生物属种的出现与否形成,数据矩阵的列代表生物属种,行代表样品。排序最终使某种生物的出现序列达到最紧凑,并且与矩阵对角线最靠近。此时,可以使相似的样品处在相邻近的行位置,相似的生物属种处在相邻近的列位置。     

Nondestructive Quantitative Analysis of Cofrel Medicines by Double ANN-NIR Spectroscopy

It has been proved that near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool in the pharmaceutical industries1, especially in the quantitative analysis of the pharmaceu- tical tests during the last decades2-4. Currently, the quantitative analyti…     

分子标记与QTL间连锁的检测与估计Ⅱ.利用双单倍体(DH)群体

将数量性状基因定位的“相关方法”应用到双单倍体（ＤＨ）群体，给出了适用于ＤＨ群体之标记座位（ＭＬ）与数量性状座（ＱＴＬ）间连锁测验的统计方法，并进而给出了重组值及其抽样误差估计的理论公式．     

用x射线无标定量相分析法测定合金相边界

根据x射线无标定量相分析方法和相平衡原理,本文提出一种测定合金相边界的简易方法:在三元系三相平衡区内,只要配制三个试样,便可测出这三相平衡区的相边界,用这种方法对Co+CoAl+Co_3Sn_2三相区边界进行了测定。结果表明,这种方法是行之有效的。