全文获取类型
收费全文 | 16388篇 |
免费 | 2393篇 |
国内免费 | 2190篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 5207篇 |
晶体学 | 103篇 |
力学 | 772篇 |
综合类 | 126篇 |
数学 | 1507篇 |
物理学 | 6904篇 |
综合类 | 6352篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 40篇 |
2023年 | 144篇 |
2022年 | 264篇 |
2021年 | 313篇 |
2020年 | 399篇 |
2019年 | 304篇 |
2018年 | 317篇 |
2017年 | 403篇 |
2016年 | 469篇 |
2015年 | 539篇 |
2014年 | 775篇 |
2013年 | 989篇 |
2012年 | 862篇 |
2011年 | 1023篇 |
2010年 | 871篇 |
2009年 | 1035篇 |
2008年 | 1098篇 |
2007年 | 1256篇 |
2006年 | 1099篇 |
2005年 | 1051篇 |
2004年 | 819篇 |
2003年 | 848篇 |
2002年 | 820篇 |
2001年 | 701篇 |
2000年 | 657篇 |
1999年 | 603篇 |
1998年 | 451篇 |
1997年 | 431篇 |
1996年 | 386篇 |
1995年 | 306篇 |
1994年 | 300篇 |
1993年 | 239篇 |
1992年 | 205篇 |
1991年 | 182篇 |
1990年 | 143篇 |
1989年 | 158篇 |
1988年 | 122篇 |
1987年 | 84篇 |
1986年 | 38篇 |
1985年 | 53篇 |
1984年 | 28篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 33篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 15篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 10篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Rong Yin Jihui Zhang Xudong Shang 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》2020,43(15):8736-8752
This paper is dedicated to studying the following Schrödinger–Poisson system Under some different assumptions on functions V(x), K(x), a(x) and f(u), by using the variational approach, we establish the existence of positive ground state solutions. 相似文献
2.
ABSTRACTQM(UB3LYP)/MM(AMBER) calculations were performed for the locations of the transition structure (TS) of the oxygen–oxygen (O–O) bond formation in the S4 state of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II (PSII). The natural orbital (NO) analysis of the broken-symmetry (BS) solutions was also performed to elucidate the nature of the chemical bonds at TS on the basis of several chemical indices defined by the occupation numbers of NO. The computational results revealed a concerted bond switching (CBS) mechanism for the oxygen–oxygen bond formation coupled with the one-electron transfer (OET) for water oxidation in OEC of PSII. The orbital interaction between the σ-HOMO of the Mn(IV)4–O(5) bond and the π*-LUMO of the Mn(V)1=O(6) bond plays an important role for the concerted O–O bond formation for water oxidation in the CaMn4O6 cluster of OEC of PSII. One electron transfer (OET) from the π-HOMO of the Mn(V)1=O(6) bond to the σ*-LUMO of the Mn(IV)4–O(5) bond occurs for the formation of electron transfer diradical, where the generated anion radical [Mn(IV)4–O(5)]-? part is relaxed to the ?Mn(III)4?…?O(5)- structure and the cation radical [O(6)=Mn(V)1]+ ? part is relaxed to the +O(6)–Mn(IV)1? structure because of the charge-spin separation for the electron-and hole-doped Mn–oxo bonds. Therefore, the local spins are responsible for the one-electron reductions of Mn(IV)4->Mn(III)4 and Mn(V)1->Mn(IV)1. On the other hand, the O(5)- and O(6)+ sites generated undergo the O–O bond formation in the CaMn4O6 cluster. The Ca(II) ion in the cubane- skeleton of the CaMn4O6 cluster assists the above orbital interactions by the lowering of the orbital energy levels of π*-LUMO of Mn(V)1=O(6) and σ*-LUMO of Mn(IV)4–O(5), indicating an important role of its Lewis acidity. Present CBS mechanism for the O–O bond formation coupled with one electron reductions of the high-valent Mn ions is different from the conventional radical coupling (RC) and acid-base (AB) mechanisms for water oxidation in artificial and native photosynthesis systems. The proton-coupled electron transfer (PC-OET) mechanism for the O–O bond formation is also touched in relation to the CBS-OET mechanism. 相似文献
3.
ZHAO Shan-Rong CHEN Kai-Xian JIANG Hua-Liang WANG Qin-Mi JI Ru-YunShanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China 《中国化学》1997,15(1):84-89
We have used quantum mechanical method to study the transition states(TSs) of uridine phosphorolysis reaction. Comparing the four different reaction pathways and the five transition states obtained, we conclude that enzymatic uridine phosphorolysis takes place mainly according to acid-catalyzed SN2 mechanism. The proposed reaction pathway is consistent with many experimental results. 相似文献
4.
使用SAC/SAC-CI方法,利用D95(d),6-311g**以及cc-PVTZ等基组,对B2分子的基态(X3Σg-)和第一激发态(A3Σu-)的平衡结构和谐振频率进行了优化计算.通过对3个基组的计算结果的比较,得出了D95(d)基组为3个基组中的最优基组的结论;使用D95(d)基组,利用SAC的GSUM(Group Sum of Operators)方法对基态(X3Σg-),SAC-CI的GSUM方法对激发态(A3Σu-)进行单点能扫描计算,用正规方程组拟合Murrell-Sorbie函数,得到了相应电子态的完整势能函数;从得到的势能函数计算了与基态(X3Σg-)和第一激发态(A3Σu-)相对应的光谱常数(Be,αe,ωe和ωeχe),结果与实验数据吻合. 相似文献
5.
Michael R. Caputo 《Natural Resource Modeling》1989,3(2):241-259
This paper analyzes the extent to which standard dynamic renewable resource models possess refutable implications. Both the steady state comparative static and local comparative dynamic properties of the standard model are studied. A unified framework is developed which enables one to analyze the qualitative properties of any standard renewable resource model. This is achieved by explicitly linking the local stability, steady state comparative static, and local comparative dynamic properties of the model. 相似文献
6.
介绍了RL&SM通用夹具的寻位系统 ,描述了主动寻位与制造信息转换问题 ,提出和实现了相应的控制方法及其系统实现中的关键技术。理论分析与实验结果表明 ,提出的解决方法和技术是可行的 ,为RL&SM通用夹具系统的实际应用奠定了理论基础和技术支持 相似文献
7.
山西是全国旅游资源大省之一,拥有众多品位极高的旅游资源,但强大的资源优势并没有很好的转化为经济优势,这些年入境旅游业绩一直位居全国中下游.为了尽快改变这种状况,使山西入境旅游业得以加速发展,分析研究其市场状况就是很有必要的了.本文借助市场竞争态模型对2000年~2002年和2003年~2005年山西省入境旅游客源市场的竞争态势进行对比分析,并对山西省入境旅游市场竞争态进行动态分析.在分析的基础上,提出了拓展山西入境旅游市场的几点建议. 相似文献
8.
Zi‐Niu Wu 《国际流体数值方法杂志》2005,48(5):541-564
The widely used locally adaptive Cartesian grid methods involve a series of abruptly refined interfaces. In this paper we consider the influence of the refined interfaces on the steady state errors for second‐order three‐point difference approximations of flow equations. Since the various characteristic components of the Euler equations should behave similarly on such grids with regard to refinement‐induced errors, it is sufficient enough to conduct the analysis on a scalar model problem. The error we consider is a global error, different to local truncation error, and reflects the interaction between multiple interfaces. The steady state error will be compared to the errors on smooth refinement grids and on uniform grids. The conclusion seems to support the numerical findings of Yamaleev and Carpenter (J. Comput. Phys. 2002; 181: 280–316) that refinement does not necessarily reduce the numerical error. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
9.
Based on the algebraic entanglement measure proposed [G. Vidal et al., Phys. Rev. A 65 (2002) 032314],we study the entanglement evolution of both pure quantum states and mixed ones of 2-qutrit system in a symmetrybroken environment consisting of a fermionic bath. Entanglement of states will decrease or remain constant under the influence of environment, and the class of states which remain unchanged has been found out. 相似文献
10.
A preconditioning approach based on the artificial compressibility formulation is extended to solve the governing equations for unsteady turbulent reactive flows with heat release, at low Mach numbers, on an unstructured hybrid grid context. Premixed reactants are considered and a flamelet approach for combustion modelling is adopted using a continuous quenched mean reaction rate. An overlapped cell‐vertex finite volume method is adopted as a discretisation scheme. Artificial dissipation terms for hybrid grids are explicitly added to ensure a stable, discretised set of equations. A second‐order, explicit, hybrid Runge–Kutta scheme is applied for the time marching in pseudo‐time. A time derivative of the dependent variable is added to recover the time accuracy of the preconditioned set of equations. This derivative is discretised by an implicit, second‐order scheme. The resulting scheme is applied to the calculation of an infinite planar (one‐dimensional) turbulent premixed flame propagating freely in reactants whose turbulence is supposed to be frozen, homogeneous and isotropic. The accuracy of the results obtained with the proposed method proves to be excellent when compared to the data available in the literature. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献