“数字太原基础地理框架构建”数据库建设

分析了影像数据库、矢量数据库、地名数据库建设中的关键技术,讨论了基础地理数据库综合应用到政务电子地图系统中的方法.     

基于激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)的煤灰熔点快速检测

炉内结渣是影响火电机组和气化工艺可靠运行的关键因素之一,准确预测灰熔点可以提前调整炉膛出口温度以避免结渣。本论文采用激光诱导击穿光谱（LIBS）采集煤灰样中金属元素的光谱,分别建立煤灰中的金属元素的谱线强度与煤灰熔点的随机森林模型、支持向量机回归模型和线性回归模型,直接预测煤灰熔点温度。采用基于马氏距离(MD)的异常数据剔除算法和基于稀疏矩阵的基线估计与降噪算法（BEADS）,对粉煤灰样的全光谱数据进行了预处理。随机森林模型对粉煤灰熔点的预测平均相对误差（MRE）为54.74%,支持向量机回归模型的预测平均相对误差为60.08%,而线性回归模型的预测平均相对误差达到了9.78%。研究结果表明,线性回归模型对煤灰熔点的预测结果更准确。     

Informix数据库分片策略的大规模应用研究及相关问题的探讨

采用数据库日期分区策略,成功解决了大规模应用中的批量数据清理的问题,对于行宽超过32K,记录数超过200万行的大数据量库表数据的清理操作,处理时间由过去的（4～6）h,缩短到2s钟以内,消除了批量处理过程对生产系统的影响,保证系统实现24h不间断运行。该方案应用透明,方便应用系统的方案改造升级,具有极高的推广价值。     

Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Active Components and Antioxidant Activity from Polygala tenuifolia: A Comparative Study of the Response Surface Methodology and Least Squares Support Vector Machine

Dried roots of Polygala tenuifolia (YuanZhi in Chinese) are widely used in Chinese herbal medicine. These components in YuanZhi have significant anti-oxidation properties owing to high levels of 3,6’-disinapoylsucrose (DISS) and Polygalaxanthone III (PolyIII). In order to efficiently extract natural medicines, response surface methodology (RSM) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) were used for the modeling and optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of DISS and PolyIII together to determine the antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained from YuanZhi. For the optimal combination of the comprehensive yield of DISS and PolyIII (Y), the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to improve extraction time (X₁), extraction temperature (X₂), liquid–solid ratio (X₃), and ethanol concentration (X₄). The optimal process parameters were determined to be as follows: extraction time, 93 min; liquid–solid ratio, 40 mL/g; extraction temperature, 48 °C; and ethanol concentration, 67%. With these conditions, the predictive optimal combination comprehensive evaluation value is 13.0217. It was clear that the LS-SVM model had higher accuracy in predictive and optimization capabilities, with higher antioxidant activity and lower relative deviations values, than did RSM. Hence, the LS-SVM model proved to be more effective for the analysis and improvement of the extraction process.     

交叉分段差分进化支持向量回归的气体超声 流量计测量方法

为了进一步提高全量程气体超声流量计的测量精度,基于多通道声波到时和实时温度,提出了一种交叉分段差分进化(Differential Evolution)支持向量回归(Support Vector Regression)DE-SVR模型。考虑到气体在不同流量条件下的流体状态不同,提出了交叉分段处理的方法,采用DE算法优化选取SVR参数。实验结果表明,对于16~1600m3/h全量程,交叉分段DE-SVR和传统积分方法计算气体流量的平均相对误差分别为0.00447和0.02781,前者较后者降低了83.93%;对于16~160m3/h小流量,交叉分段DE-SVR和无分段DE-SVR算法计算结果平均相对误差分别为0.00436和0.03214,前者较后者降低了86.43%。该方法有效避免了声道长度、探头角度以及管道直径等参数不确定性对流量计算的影响,为全量程气体流量的高精度测量提供了保障。     

基于支持向量机处理圆度误差

提出一种基于支持向量机计算圆度误差的方法.支持向量机的理论基础是Vapnik创建的统计学习理论.它采用结构风险最小化准则,在最小化样本点误差的同时,缩小模型预测误差的上界,从而提高了模型的泛化能力.该方法采用支持向量机对圆度误差评价,克服了传统圆度最小二乘法评价的局部收敛问题.仿真实验结果表明介绍的方法可以有效、正确地评价圆度误差.     

α-唑基-α-芳氧烷基频哪酮(芳乙酮)及其醇式衍生物抗真菌活性的支持向量机研究

采用支持向量机（SVM）算法,将其用于α-唑基-α-芳氧基频哪酮（芳乙酮）及其醇式衍生物抗真菌活性的研究．讨论了该类化合物的量子化学参数、计算核函数及参数的选择和优化问题,建立了抗真菌活性预测的数学模型,结果表明支持向量机可用于该类化合物抗真菌活性的筛选和构效关系（QSAR）的研究．     

基于块匹配的运动矢量可靠性分析

为了改善目前对于运动矢量分析还较笼统的现状,获得对运动矢量场更为直观和定量的分析,运用贝叶斯定理,设计一种新型的基于运动矢量后验概率计算的矢量可靠性分析算法.利用贝叶斯理论中关于决策分析的思想,结合视频信号的特点和相关理论,计算运动矢量的后验概率,作为对矢量可靠性判断的依据,并据此优化运动补偿策略,提高去隔行效果.实验结果表明,用该法对运动矢量场进行分析,可得出对运动估计算法客观定量的分析结果,同时有助于矢量类去隔行算法的改进.运动矢量可靠性分析方法增强了块匹配运动估计算法的可分析性,有助提高运动补偿算法的鲁棒性和高质量地重建图像.     

一种新的支持向量机树学习模型

针对特征空间维数较高时,混淆交叉支持向量机树中间节点的学习结果可能包含冗余特征信息的情况,考虑各维特征之间的相互关系以及各数据点之间的相互关系对数据的分类影响,提出一种基于有监督局部线性嵌入的支持向量机树学习模型.考虑每个中间节点上需要不同的特征信息进行局部决策,分别对每个中间节点(包括根节点)上的样例进行有监督局部线性嵌入学习.实验以手写阿拉伯数字识别问题为例验证和分析了模型的结构和分类识别性能,与其他学习模型的对比结果表明,该模型能在有监督局部线性嵌入学习的基础上,以更精简的结构获得与其他学习模型可比的识别精确率.     

The Classification of Rice Blast Resistant Seed Based on Ranman Spectroscopy and SVM

Rice blast is a serious threat to rice yield. Breeding disease-resistant varieties is one of the most economical and effective ways to prevent damage from rice blast. The traditional identification of resistant rice seeds has some shortcoming, such as long possession time, high cost and complex operation. The purpose of this study was to develop an optimal prediction model for determining resistant rice seeds using Ranman spectroscopy. First, the support vector machine (SVM), BP neural network (BP) and probabilistic neural network (PNN) models were initially established on the original spectral data. Second, due to the recognition accuracy of the Raw-SVM model, the running time was fast. The support vector machine model was selected for optimization, and four improved support vector machine models (ABC-SVM (artificial bee colony algorithm, ABC), IABC-SVM (improving the artificial bee colony algorithm, IABC), GSA-SVM (gravity search algorithm, GSA) and GWO-SVM (gray wolf algorithm, GWO)) were used to identify resistant rice seeds. The difference in modeling accuracy and running time between the improved support vector machine model established in feature wavelengths and full wavelengths (200–3202 cm⁻¹) was compared. Finally, five spectral preproccessing algorithms, Savitzky–Golay 1-Der (SGD), Savitzky–Golay Smoothing (SGS), baseline (Base), multivariate scatter correction (MSC) and standard normal variable (SNV), were used to preprocess the original spectra. The random forest algorithm (RF) was used to extract the characteristic wavelengths. After different spectral preproccessing algorithms and the RF feature extraction, the improved support vector machine models were established. The results show that the recognition accuracy of the optimal IABC-SVM model based on the original data was 71%. Among the five spectral preproccessing algorithms, the SNV algorithm’s accuracy was the best. The accuracy of the test set in the IABC-SVM model was 100%, and the running time was 13 s. After SNV algorithms and the RF feature extraction, the classification accuracy of the IABC-SVM model did not decrease, and the running time was shortened to 9 s. This demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of IABC in SVM parameter optimization, with higher prediction accuracy and better stability. Therefore, the improved support vector machine model based on Ranman spectroscopy can be applied to the fast and non-destructive identification of resistant rice seeds.