测量玻璃折射率实验的讨论

讨论了最小偏向角法测量三棱镜玻璃折射率的理论和实验,可有效地解决测量玻璃折射率实验中所出现的问题。     

不规则多棱柱隐身罩材料参数的一般张量表达式

基于坐标变换理论推导了任意多棱柱隐身罩的隐身条件,并得到了相应隐身罩材料参数的张量表达式。根据导出的材料参数的张量表达式,通过全波仿真分别对三棱柱、四棱柱和六棱柱隐身罩进行了仿真验证,仿真结果证实了所得材料参数张量表达式的正确性;利用所推公式设计的隐身罩的确能够控制电磁波绕着内部被隐物体传播,并使波离开隐身罩时恢复成原来的传播方向,从而成功地将内部物体隐身。     

Remote control of the reversible assembly/disassembly of supramolecular aggregates

ABSTRACT

A multi-component system is presented in which the actuation of a copper-loaded nanoswitch by zinc(II) ions as an external trigger and the thereby prompted release of copper(I) ions allows self-assembly of 11 parts resulting in the formation of a three-component supramolecular prism. Using the same protocol, a three-component rectangle was made from eight parts. Disassembly of the aggregates was accomplished by selective removal of zinc(II) ions using hexacyclen. In sum, the reversible assembly and disassembly of supramolecular aggregates was controlled in a multi-component mixture through intermolecular communication using a second messenger.     

基于同步多曲面法的发光二极管机器视觉照明设计

为了改善三角棱镜系统产生近似无衍射线结构光的能量均匀分布在若干条光斑上,不适合直接应用于三维表面测量且中心光斑对能量利用率较低的问题,提出了一种新型光学元件.该元件在三角棱镜的基础上,通过在其底部胶合一个与原三角棱镜底面大小相等,横截面为等腰梯形的凸台制成.采用几何光学的理论对新型光学元件的光束变换特性进行分析,结果表明其可以等效为两个不同底角三角棱镜的组合,平面光束通过新型光学元件后将产生中心光斑较强的近似无衍射线结构光.由衍射积分理论分析和模拟了新型光学元件后的空间光强分布特性.仿真的结果表明,衍射积分分析的结果与几何光学分析的结果是一致的:新型光学元件可以产生一种性能更好的近似无衍射线结构光.并且通过改变棱镜的结构参量,能够方便地调节光束的中心光斑尺寸、近似无衍射范围等参量.     

基于洛匈棱镜的偏振度测量与空间退偏度分析方法研究

空间平均型退偏要求退偏后的光束不仅具有低偏振度,还要求避免偏振态的空间带状连续分布.为了实现光束偏振度的测量和空间退偏度的观察,提出基于洛匈棱镜的偏振度测量方法,理论推导了偏振度和各个光功率测量值之间的关系,设计了实验装置,并与全偏振度测量方法进行对比.结果显示:两种测量方法得到的偏振度相对偏差为0.192%,但洛匈棱镜能将o光和e光在空间分离,能对光束偏振态的空间分布进行观测.基于洛匈棱镜的偏振度观测方法结构简单,操作方便,在偏振度和偏振态的空间分布的同时观测中有重要应用.     

Some aspects of image processing using foams

We have explored some concepts of chaotic dynamics and wave light transport in foams. Using some experiments, we have obtained the main features of light intensity distribution through foams. We are proposing a model for this phenomenon, based on the combination of two processes: a diffusive process and another one derived from chaotic dynamics. We have presented a short outline of the chaotic dynamics involving light scattering in foams. We also have studied the existence of caustics from scattering of light from foams, with typical patterns observed in the light diffraction in transparent films. The nonlinear geometry of the foam structure was explored in order to create optical elements, such as hyperbolic prisms and filters.     

Transmission ratio of the Glan-Taylor prism with deviated optical axes in the static polarization interference imaging spectrometer

Glan-Taylor prism is the key component of the static polarization interference imaging spectrometer. In this paper, we consider the case that optical axes of the Glan-Taylor prism have departure angles from their ideal directions that in the principal section, however principal section varies with optical axes. Ray tracing method is employed to detailedly present the light trails in the birefringent Glan-Taylor prism when the incident plane and the principal section are in the same plane. Both double refraction in the crystal and internal double reflection over the interface between the birefringent and isotropic mediums are analyzed in detail. Besides, we obtain the approximate formula about the transmission ratio of Glan-Taylor prism. Finally, the transmission ratio of Glan-Taylor prism due to the deviations of the optical axes is deduced and discussed in particular.     

On hamiltonian cycles in the prism over the odd graphs

The Kneser graph K(n, k) has as its vertex set all k‐subsets of an n‐set and two k‐subsets are adjacent if they are disjoint. The odd graph O_k is a special case of Kneser graph when n = 2k + 1. A long standing conjecture claims that O_k is hamiltonian for all k>2. We show that the prism over O_k is hamiltonian for all k even. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 68:177‐188, 2011     

二维矩形截面柱体气动力系数雷诺数效应

在TJ-2风洞中,测量了5种截面宽厚比(B/D为2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5和4.0)的二维矩形截面柱体的表面风压时程,雷诺数(Re)的变化范围为1.1×105~6.8×105,然后通过风压时程积分的方法获得了模型的气动力系数时程.研究了各模型气动力系数的雷诺数效应,分析了模型的平均阻力系数随截面宽厚比的变化规律,并与以往的研究成果进行了对比,最后分析了各模型的气动力系数功率谱随雷诺数的变化规律.研究表明,宽厚比2≤B/D≤4的二维矩形截面柱体的气动特性受雷诺数的影响,且随着截面宽厚比的增大,二维矩形截面柱体模型的气动特性对雷诺数越来越敏感.尾流区的旋涡脱落对模型顺风向脉动风荷载有一定程度的贡献,但横风向升力主要来源于尾流的漩涡脱落.     

长江口南汇边滩围垦工程对流场和盐水入侵的影响

考虑枯季一般状况的径流量和风况,数值计算和动力分析南汇边滩围垦工程对长江河口流场和盐水入侵的影响.南汇边滩围垦工程实施后,南槽喇叭口形状减小,改变了涨潮流和纳潮量.研究表明,围垦工程导致南槽大潮期间纳潮量减少13%,小潮期间减少16%,越过深水航道导堤的涨潮流减小;从南槽向北的越堤盐通量减小,导致北槽向海的盐通量减弱,中上段向陆的盐通量减弱,工程东南侧向陆的盐通量减弱,但因南槽口门处缩窄向陆的盐通量增强.围垦工程后南槽盐度锋面减弱,大潮期间南槽口门处和工程东南侧盐度上升,量值超过1.0;因纳潮量、越堤流和向陆盐通量减小,南槽中上段、北槽和横沙东滩盐度下降,量值超过0.5;北港和崇明东滩盐度上升,盐度超过0.5.小潮期间因潮动力减弱口门处的涨潮流和向陆盐通量减小,整个南槽盐度下降,量值超过1.5.因围垦工程后南槽盐度锋面减弱,阻挡径流进入南港的作用减弱,大潮和小潮期间北港净分流比略微减小,南槽的分流比大潮和小潮期间分别比工程前增加了1.57%和1.50%.