粉红丝带引发的思考——Wnt信号通路在乳腺发育与乳腺癌变中的角色

 Wnt信号转导通路是参与乳腺发育和肿瘤形成的重要机制。本文综述了Wnt信号转导通路调控乳腺发育和干细胞稳态研究的进展,讨论了Wnt信号转导中成员分子在乳腺癌形成中的角色。     

页岩气藏压裂数值模拟敏感参数分析

针对页岩气藏压裂形成复杂裂缝网络后,单一的裂缝描述方法不再适用的问题,采用Eclipse 软件中的页岩 气模型,建立了一种“等效方法”,将页岩气有效改造体积表征为“主裂缝+ 网络裂缝渗透率”,代替“主裂缝+ 次裂 缝”的模拟方法,两种方法产量和长期压力驱替是等效的,解决了手工划分网格工作量大、计算速度慢的问题。运用 Plackett-Burman 型线性试验设计方法,对水力裂缝参数和储层参数进行敏感性排序,结果表明：水力裂缝参数中,压裂 纵向改造程度、网络裂缝渗透率和有效改造体积对产量影响最敏感,储层参数对产量影响敏感程度由强到弱为：地层 压力系数、总含气量、储层有效厚度、吸附气比例、井底流压、基质渗透率。为页岩气压裂选井选层和压裂设计方案优 化提供了依据。     

Ras /MAPK / ERK 通过协同 NF- KB 促进肝癌细胞中 cyclinD1 的表达

摘要: 目的 探讨 Ras 癌基因在体内诱导肝肿瘤发生过程中促进 cyclin D1 表达的分子机制。方法 利用 H-ras12V 转基因雄鼠肝肿瘤组织、肿瘤周围组织以及非转基因雄鼠肝组织进行病理分析和总 RNA 及蛋白质的提取。应用 qRT-PCR 和 Western blot 方法检测 cyclin D1 的表达以及调控 cyclin D1 表达的相关信号通路激活状态。采用 miRNA 测序、生物信息学分析和 qRT-PCR 验证方法检测 miR-5102 基因的表达水平。结果 与非转基因雄鼠肝组 织和肿瘤周围组织相比,肿瘤组织中 cyclin D1 基因的 mRNA 和蛋白表达水平显著升高。与非转基因雄鼠肝组织 和肿瘤周围组织相比,在肿瘤组织中 MAPK 信号转导通路中的 ERK 信号分子的蛋白表达水平和磷酸化水平都显 著升高,在肿瘤组织中成高激活状态,NF-KB 信号通路中的抑制因子 IKB 蛋白水平显著降低。miR-5102 的表达水 平没有显著变化。结论 在 Ras 癌基因诱导的肝肿瘤发生过程中,主要通过激活 MAPK/ERK 和 NF-KB 信号通路促进 cyclin D1 的表达。     

一种基于主成分分析的稀疏数据模式分类隐私保护算法

 模式分类过程涉及到对原始训练样本的学习,容易导致用户隐私的泄露。为了避免模式分类过程中的隐私泄露,同时又不影响模式分类算法的性能,提出一种基于主成分分析（PCA）的模式分类隐私保护算法。该算法利用PCA 提取原始训练数据的主成分,并将原始训练样本集合转化为主成分的新样本集合,然后利用新样本集合进行分类学习。选用Adult 数据集和KDDCUP 99 数据集进行仿真实验,并采用正确率和召回率进行性能评价,结果表明,该隐私保护算法通过PCA 提取原始数据特征属性的主成分,可避免原始属性的泄露,同时PCA 在一定程度上可实现去噪,从而使分类器的分类性能优于原始数据集的分类性能。与已有算法比较,该隐私保护算法具有更好的模式分类精度和隐私保护性能。     

Goldman flows on the Jacobian

We show that the Goldman flows preserve the holomorphic structure on the moduli space of homomorphisms of the fundamental group of a Riemann surface into U(1)$U\left(1\right)$, which identifies with the Jacobian.     

Symmetrized trace and symmetrized determinant of odd class pseudo-differential operators

We introduce a new canonical trace on odd class logarithmic pseudo-differential operators on an odd dimensional manifold, which vanishes on commutators. When restricted to the algebra of odd class classical pseudo-differential operators our trace coincides with the canonical trace of Kontsevich and Vishik. Using the new trace we construct a new determinant of odd class classical elliptic pseudo-differential operators. This determinant is multiplicative up to sign whenever the multiplicative anomaly formula for usual determinants of Kontsevich–Vishik and Okikiolu holds. When restricted to operators of Dirac type our determinant provides a sign refined version of the determinant constructed by Kontsevich and Vishik. We discuss some applications of the symmetrized determinant to a non-linear sigma-model in superconductivity.     

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in differentiation of postobstructive consolidation from central lung carcinoma

Purpose

To prospectively evaluate diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for differentiation of postobstructive consolidation from centrally located lung carcinomas by using apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs).

Materials and Methods

An institutional review board approved this study; informed consent was obtained from patients. Forty-nine consecutive patients (3 women, 46 men; mean age, 63.6 years; age range, 42–85 years) with lung carcinoma underwent DW MR imaging. Forty patients had central and nine patients had peripheral lung carcinomas. ADC of each lung carcinoma was calculated from DW MR images obtained with two different b values (0, 1000 s/mm²).In the final study group including 27 patients with central lung carcinoma accompanying distal lung consolidation (mean age, 67.2 years; 3 women, 24 men), ADCs of lung carcinomas were statistically compared among cytologic/histologic types and accompanying postobstructive consolidations. Unpaired t test was used for measurable variables with normal distribution, and Kruskal–Wallis variance analysis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for the measurable variables without normal distribution.

Results

There was no significant difference between mean ADC values of all types of carcinomas (P=.302) and also between mean ADC values of central (1.91 ± 0.7×10⁻³ mm²/s) and peripheral carcinomas (1.58 ± 0. 6×10⁻³ mm²/s) (P=.224). The mean ADC value for the masses of central lung carcinoma with postobstructive consolidations was 1.83 ± 0.75×10⁻³ mm²/s, and for consolidation was 2.50 ± 0.76×10⁻³ mm²/s. ADC of central carcinoma masses was significantly lower than that of postobstructive consolidations (P=.003).

Conclusions

ADC values of central lung carcinoma masses appear to be lower than accompanying postobstructive consolidations. ADC values could be considered useful as a differentiating parameter among central lung carcinomas and accompanying postobstructive consolidations.     

MSCTP对IP移动性支持的研究

介绍一种在传输层支持IP移动性的基于SCTP多信宿机制的移动SCTP（MSCTP）新方案。在介绍了SCTP的原理及其多信宿特性的基础上引入的MSCTP概念,重点分析了MSCTP over IPv6以及MSCTP over MIPv6的通信建立与无缝切换过程,并对MSCTP的应用及尚待解决的课题进行了较为详细的探讨。     

温度对大口径主镜面形变形的影响分析

从理论上论述了温度梯度对主镜面形变形的影响,分析了当光轴位置不同、主镜支撑方式不同时,在轴向温度梯度和径向温度梯度作用下的面形变形。通过计算,得出轴向温度梯度对面形变形的影响要远大于径向温度梯度对面形的影响,而且镜面变形不仅与主镜的线胀系数和其他材料、结构特性参数有关,与温度梯度的大小和方向均有密切的关系。     

绿光抽运准周期光学超晶格产生红光与蓝光的研究

使用一块准周期LiTaO3光学超晶格晶体,利用准相位匹配技术,通过光参变产生与和频两个非线性过程,将一束532nm绿色抽运光转变成666nm红光与443nm蓝光。具体过程为,通过参变过程获得红色信号光和红外闲频光,再通过绿色抽运光与红外闲置光和频获得蓝光,两个过程在同一块准周期光学超晶格中实现,准周期超晶格的两个倒易矢量分别补偿这两个过程中的相位失配。抽运光的脉宽为40ps,重复频率为10Hz,在平均功率为0．5mW时,测得红光和蓝光功率分别0．15mW和16．6μW,转换效率达到34％和3％。这一方法,提供了一种用一块超晶格晶体同时获得三原色输出的有效途径。