颗粒级配对火山灰力学特性影响的试验研究

以吉林省靖宇县的黑色、红色两种火山灰为原材料,分别配制了5种不同级配的试样.通过土粒相对密度、矿物成分与颗粒形态、直接剪切和固结试验分析,得到该火山灰材料的土粒相对密度、化学成分、颗粒形态、剪切强度、压缩性等物理力学特性,并分析了5种级配的中值粒径d50和不均匀系数cu对火山灰剪切强度的影响.靖宇火山灰主要由泡沫状的火山玻璃组成,未经历过长期水力、风力的磨圆作用,颗粒棱角分明,其剪切特性与干沙土类似,内聚力很小,剪切强度受级配的影响较大.在配制的5种级配曲线的粒径范围,试样的内摩擦角随着中值粒径d50的增大而增大,不均匀系数cu对试样内摩擦角的影响较小.     

5个年龄栓皮栎热值与灰分含量的分析

不同年龄栓皮栎的灰分含量、干质量热值和去灰分热值是栓皮栎能源开发利用的重要基础。通过对5个年龄栓皮栎不同器官热值、灰分含量的分析,得出:平均灰分含量从高到低时的树龄依次为46、36、17、57、27 a;枝或干的灰分含量低于叶或皮。平均干质量热值从高到低的树龄依次为27、57、36、17、46 a;树叶、树皮、树干的干质量热值与灰分含量均呈不显著负相关,树枝的干质量热值与灰分含量间为极显著线性负相关,平均干质量热值与灰分含量呈显著线性负相关;枝或干的干质量热值均低于叶或皮。平均去灰分热值从高到低时的树龄依次为57、27、36、17、46 a;枝或干的去灰分热值均低于叶或皮。从热值与栓皮栎能源林的经营成本考虑,17、27、36、46、57 a的5个栓皮栎年龄段中,27 a可为栓皮栎能源林的理想经营年龄。     

提高粉煤灰水泥早期强度

针对粉煤灰水泥早期强度低的缺点,研究了各种提高水泥早期强度的方法,并实验验证了采用这些方法的效果,通过采取一系列措施,使高掺量粉煤灰水泥的强度达到了425     

粉煤灰综合利用的实验研究

从粉煤灰的特性出发，通过实验研究粉煤灰制作建筑材料的可行性，可以解决环境污染，带来社会与经济效益。     

Spectral analysis of rare-earth elements in ash of sapropel and its fractions

Quantitative atomic emission spectral analysis was used to study the rare-earth content in sapropel and the rare-earth distribution over the isolated fractions. The conditions for determination of Ce, Y, and La (analytical lines, arc discharge current, exposure time) were selected empirically. We calculated the metrological characteristics of the proposed technique. We have shown that in Tyurin fractionation, the nonhydrolyzable residue fraction has the highest concentrations of these elements. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 76, No. 2, pp. 273–276, March–April, 2009.     

Innovative stabilization/solidification processes of fly ash from an incinerator plant of urban solid waste

Fly ash samples from an incineration plant of urban solid waste (USW) were submitted to a stabilization/solidification process based on encapsulation with a polyester resin. With this process, a very limited increase of about 25% in weight and a compressive strength as high as 1200 kg/cm² can be obtained. The efficiency of the process to stabilize/solidify the residues and to reduce the pollutant release was evaluated by performing both mechanical and leaching tests following the IRSA–CNR standard method. The leaching test was based on treating the sample with an acetic acid solution adjusted to pH 5.2 for 24 h under magnetic stirring. Toxic metals (Pb, Cd, and Cu) and organic pollutants (PAHs, PCBs, and OCPs) were determined in raw fly ash samples and in the leaching solutions of treated samples. Raw residues showed higher concentrations of trace metals than the regulatory limits, whereas the stabilized/solidified residues showed a concentration of all the pollutants lower than the regulatory limits and a compressive strength much higher than the suggested minimum value. Finally, a critical comparison with conventional stabilization/solidification processes based on the use of Portland cement highlighted that the polyester resin-based process performed much better in terms of the release of both organic and inorganic pollutants, thus substantially lowering the environmental impact of these residues.     

粉煤灰刨花板工艺的初步研究

论述了热压法制造粉煤灰（ｆｌｙ－ａｓｈ）刨花板工艺。试验选取热压温度、热压时间、粉煤灰／（粉煤灰＋水泥）、灰木比、水灰比、添加剂和板子密度等工艺变量进行了研究。结果表明：（１）用速生杨和南就热电厂Ⅰ级电除尘粉煤灰作主要原料制造粉煤灰刨花板是可行的。（２）粉煤灰用量占总灰量（即粉煤灰／（粉煤灰＋水泥）的６０％－７０％时制板仍然能达到冷压法水泥刨花板国家行业标准要求。但随着粉煤灰用量所占比例的增加，板     

Ⅲ级粉煤灰与镁渣耦合对C30混凝土碳化的影响研究

为有效和充分利用Ⅲ级粉煤灰与镁渣,以常用强度等级C30混凝土为研究对象,Ⅲ级粉煤灰取代率和镁渣掺量为因素,设计混合均匀试验方案U12(6,4),试验研究二因素耦合条件下混凝土的碳化规律。应用最小二乘法拟合,建立了混凝土碳化深度与粉煤灰取代率、镁渣掺量的非线性关系模型。因素效应分析表明:影响混凝土碳化的主要因素是粉煤灰取代率,其次是镁渣掺量;Ⅲ级粉煤灰取代率的碳化效应为正效应,镁渣掺量不大于33.8%时为负效应,粉煤灰与镁渣的耦合效应为负效应;镁渣能提高混凝土的抗碳化能力,与粉煤灰耦合有利于抑制混凝土的碳化。