高岭石无定形化的动力学研究

Amorphous kaolinite derivatives were prepared through mixing kaolinite with HCOOK and KOH solution. Ki-netics of kaolinite being turned into amorphous derivatvies was investigated by XRD. It showed that the transfor-mation included dynamic and diffuse controlling stages. And the active energy E₁=26.8kJ·mol^-1; E₂=12.2 kJ·mol^-1. TEM and SEM images showed that particle size of the amorphous derivatives was about 50nm. And the amorphous derivatives seemed like alumnsilicate gel， accompanied by some aggregates.     

[K2(TNR)(H2O)]n的制备、分子结构和热分解机理

2,4,6-三硝基间苯二酚(斯蒂芬酸)及其盐类,如斯蒂芬酸铅、斯蒂芬酸钡等是常用的含能材料[1],但斯蒂芬酸铅盐及钡盐在爆炸后产生重金属污染,对使用人员的健康及环境都产生危害.     

Sorption of carbon dioxide by the composite sorbent “potassium carbonate in porous matrix”

Sorption of CO₂ in the presence of water vapor by the K₂CO₃—-Al₂O₃ composite sorbent was studied by IR spectroscopy in situ, X-ray diffraction analysis, and the differentiating dissolution method and reasons for a decrease in its dynamic capacity are given. The samples containing K₂CO₃·1.5H₂O in pores are characterized by the maximal dynamic capacity. A mechanism for CO₂ sorption was proposed, which qualitatively explains the obtained dependence of the capacity on the water content in the composite sorbent. A high dynamic capacity can be maintained by regeneration of the sorbents by water vapor at 170 °N. The capacity of the sorbents decreases during the first 10 sorption—regeneration cycles due to the formation of an inactive phase of potassium aluminum carbonate.     

Application of thermal analysis to study of the synthesis of K0.5Bi0.5Tio3 ferroelectric

Synthesis of potassium bismuth titanate ferroelectric by heating of mixtures prepared using oxide precursors, i.e. Bi₂O₃, TiO₂ and K₂CO₃ was investigated. DTA, TG, XRD and SEM methods were used to study the formation of intermediate compounds and the final product. Usage of associated homogenization and grinding of precursors mixture permits to decrease the temperature of formation of K_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Ionic Association and Mobility IV. Ionophores in Dimethylsulfoxide at 25°C

The results of conductance measurements on pyridinium picrate, tetraphenylo-sonium picrate, potassium picrate, tetraphenylantimony picrate, tetrapropylam-monium, tetrafluoroborate, tetramethylammonium hexafluorophosphate ion association noncoulombic interaction in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 25°C in the concentration range 1–15×10^–4 M are reported. The data were analyzed by the Justice modification of the Fuoss–Hsia equation. Except for pyridinium picrate all salts studied were found to be associated.Application of the Justice Barthel–Bjerrum model of ion association permitted calculation of the noncoulombic portion of the potential of mean force, W _±. Ionic limiting conductances were calculated for six ions using known values of previously determined transport numbers. A table of most current limiting ionic conductances for a variety of ions in DMSO at 25°C has been established.     

探究苯与酸性高锰酸钾溶液的褪色反应

人教版高中教材《化学2》明确指出苯不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色。但在实验中多次发现苯与酸性高锰酸钾溶液混合后放置一段时间能够褪色。为探讨这一问题，设计了以光照或黑暗、加酸或不加酸为条件，利用紫外-可见分光光度计对放置不同时间后的混合液体进行测试，并对反应后生成的沉淀物进行XRD表征的实验方案。通过对实验数据的综合分析提出了苯与酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色反应的可能反应机理。     

7,8-二氢-6,6-二甲基-7,8-环氧-6氢-吡喃[2,3-f]苯并-2,1,3-噁二唑的合成

本文给出了一条较好的制备7,8-二氢-6,6-二甲基-7,8环氧-6氢-吡喃[2,3-f]苯并-2,1,3-噁二唑的合成路线,即由对乙酰氨基苯酚经酯化、Fries重排、环合、还原、脱水、硝化、脱酰基、氧化、脱氧和催化环氧化等反应制得标题化合物,其结构经元素分析和光谱数据确证。     

Organic Reactions in Ionic Liquids： An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Phenacyl Esters by Reaction of Carboxylic Acids with α-Bromoacetophenone Promoted by Potassium Fluoride

An efficient method is reported for the synthesis of phenacyl esters by reaction of carboxylic acids with a-bromoacetophenone promoted by potassium fluoride in ionic liquid [Bmim]PF6, the yield of the reaction is almost quantitative and the products are essentially pure.     

A study of the thermal decarboxylation of three perfluoropolyether salts

The thermal decarboxylation of three dicarboxylic perfluoropolyether potassium salts of relatively short chain length has been investigated and the products and kinetics of the main reactions have been defined. From the rate constants and Arrhenius parameters data, the second decarboxylation appears to be quantitatively rather close to the first.     

氟化钾团簇的相变、成核和重结晶的分子动力学模拟

我们利用Born-Mayer-Huggins相互作用势函数对(KF)_N(N=108，256，500和864)团簇进行了分子动力学(MD)模拟。为了避免周期性边界条件对相变、成核和重结晶的干扰作用，对体系采用了自由边界。基于MD模拟结果，对团簇的熔化温度、熔化焓、扩散系数、成核速率、固液界面自由能、临界核大小等进行了计算和讨论。在对(KF)₈₆₄双晶团簇的热退火模拟中，观察到了固态的重结晶和晶粒的生长。经典的成核理论成功地解释了(KF)₈₆₄双晶团簇的重结晶MD模拟结果。