Influence of humidity cycling parameters on the moisture‐accelerated creep of polymeric fibers

Accelerated creep is a curious and poorly understood transient moisture effect. The creep rates of most hydrophilic materials increase greatly with moisture content. However, when these same materials are subjected to creep loads in cyclic humidity environments, they often exhibit much higher creep rates than in a constantly humid state. This is called accelerated creep. Previous experimenters reported that accelerated creep was less likely to occur in polymeric fibers. We demonstrate experimentally that this happened only because of their choice of humidity cycling parameters. New results are given for Kevlar, lyocell, nylon‐6,6, and ramie fibers. Other paper scientists have argued that the absence of accelerated creep in single fibers supports a explanation based on fiber network effects for accelerated creep in paper. We argue here that accelerated creep is a more general phenomenon consistent with sorption‐induced stress‐gradient explanations. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 39: 2048–2062, 2001     

Creep and Long-Term Strength of Press-Powder Composites

The mechanical state of a press-powder filler for pyroautomatics system units of aerospace equipment during their long-term storage is investigated. With the use of the endochronic approach, the rheological properties of a dispersedly reinforced composite are simulated based on the conceptions of linear and nonlinear creep. Analytical expressions of constitutive relations of creep and strength for the composites are obtained. __________ Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 803–818, November–December, 2005.     

Reargument over E ～ j relation of high temperature superconductors

The E ∼ j relation of an HTSC slab is solved strictly within the Bean’s model in two different situations where the system does and does not reach equilibrium state under the magnetic relaxation respectively, with both forward and backward hopping taken into consideration (the backward hopping means the hopping from the barriers with low energy to high ones). Our results suggest and rigorously prove that the In E ∼ In j curves show only positive curvature on the side of slab where the directions of current-created field and the applied field are the same, while they show both positive and negative curvatures at a certain field range on the other side where the directions are opposite. The relationship of the positive and negative curvatures with the critical current, applied field and temperature is also discussed.     

高温超导体Dy_(1-x)Pr_xB_(a2)Cu_3O_(7-δ)的磁弛豫研究

本文通过磁驰豫实验研究发现，Pr的掺杂对提高高温超导体的磁通钉扎能力有明显的作用．     

第三系软弱岩体蠕变理论

采用自行研制的重力杠杆式岩石蠕变试验机并配 三轴压力室，从而对泥岩进行了三轴为试验，根据试验结果，提出了软弱岩体的蠕变理论，并用于地下工程应力场，位移场和流变地压的分析与计算。通过算例分析，井巷围岩周边位移的流变地压的发展规律符合现场实际情况。     

蠕变——试论青藏高原东缘及其邻区的构造变形特征

在青藏高原东缘明显的分布着三个构造带,即:a.高原本体东缘的弧形构造带,由褶曲、断裂组成,弧顶均向南或南东突出,其排列多受高原边缘的限制;b.高原外前方的挤压隆起带,系由高原向东推挤产生的前方挤压隆起;c.推覆构造带,由高原向东超前蠕流部分叠覆于隆起带上形成。以上三个构造带又被两条南东向走滑断层切割成三段,使各段从北向南递次向东错移。造成这一构造格局的原因系由西藏地区受印度板块强烈挤压缩短时,物质发生大量向东蠕变流动引起的。     

AFM nanoindentation of viscoelastic materials with large end‐radius probes

We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanoindentation to measure mechanical properties of polymers. Although AFM is generally acknowledged as a high‐resolution imaging tool, accurate quantification of AFM nanoindentation results is challenging. Two main challenges are determination of the projected area for objects as small as AFM tips and use of appropriate analysis methods for viscoelastic materials. We report significant accuracy improvements for modulus measurements when large end‐radius tips with appropriate cantilever stiffnesses are used for indentation. Using this approach, the instantaneous elastic modulus of four polymers we studied was measured within 30 to 40% of Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) results. The probes can, despite their size and very high stiffnesses, be used for imaging of very small domains in heterogeneous materials. For viscoelastic materials, we developed an AFM creep test to determine the instantaneous elastic modulus. The AFM method allows application of a nearly perfect stepload that facilitates data analysis based on hereditary integrals. Results for three polymers suggest that the observed creep in the materials has a strong plastic flow component even at small loads. In this respect, the spherical indenter tips behave like “sharp” indenters used in indentation studies with instrumented indenters. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 1573–1587, 2009     

南京河西地区软土压缩蠕变特性试验研究

研究软土的压缩蠕变规律对于软土地区各类建筑物的长期稳定性和运行安全性十分重要.利用单向固结仪,进行不同荷载条件下南京河西地区软土压缩试验,获得了软土在单向压缩条件下应力与应变关系及应变与时间关系,试验结果表明:南京河西地区软土在单向压缩条件下的应力应变关系可用双曲线函数进行模拟,并且可用割线模量法概化应力应变关系;此外根据不同加荷条件下的蠕变试验结果,得出南京河西地区软土具有非线性蠕变特性;可用对数函数描述软土蠕变规律.研究结果可为南京河西地区软土地基的沉降和工后沉降计算提供依据.     

高强轻骨料混凝土收缩徐变模型对比分析

总结了我国轻骨料混凝土技术规程模型、MC2010模型、ACI209模型、B3模型的适用范围和基本公式,计算分析了上述模型对高强轻骨料混凝土收缩徐变的预测效果,结果表明上述模型对高强轻骨料混凝土的基本徐变预测精度较高,但对高强轻骨料混凝土的收缩预测与实验数据存在一定差距.本文在对比分析的基础上,基于已有文献数据,提出了考虑骨料含水率影响的MC2010修正模型.通过与试验数据对比表明,修正模型对高强轻骨料混凝土收缩变形的预测精度更好.