纤锌矿GaN/AlN量子阱中束缚极化子能量

采用改进的Lee-Low-Pines(LLP)变分方法,处理纤锌矿GaN/AlN量子阱材料中电子与受限长波光学声子的相互作用,给出束缚极化子基态能量和结合能随量子阱宽度L的变化关系.在数值计算中考虑了纤锌矿GaN和AlN构成的方量子阱材料中长波光学声子模的各向异性.结果表明,束缚极化子基态能量和结合能随阱宽L的增大而减小,阱宽较小时减小的速度比较快,阱宽较大时减小的速度比较慢,最后缓慢地接近GaN体材料中的三维值.纤锌矿GaN/AlN量子阱材料中电子-声子相互作用对束缚极化子能量的贡献比较大,该值远大于闪锌矿GaAs/AlAs量子阱材料中的相应值.作为对比,给出闪锌矿GaN/AlN量子阱材料中束缚极化子基态能量和结合能随阱宽的变化关系.     

VARIATIONAL CALCULATION ON GROUND-STATE ENERGY OF BOUND POLARONS IN PARABOLIC QUANTUM WIRES

Within the framework of Feynman path-integral variational theory, we calculate the ground-state energy of a polaron in parabolic quantum wires in the presence of a Coulomb potential. It is shown that the polaronic correction to the ground-state energy is more sensitive to the electron－phonon coupling constant than the Coulomb binding parameter, and it increases monotonically with decreasing effective wire radius. Moreover, compared to the results obtained by Feynman Haken variational path-integral theory, we obtain better results within the Feynman path-integral variational approach (FV approach). Applying our calculation to several polar semiconductor quantum wires, we find that the polaronic correction can be considerably large.     

Bound polaron in quantum dot quantum well structures

The problem of bound polarons in quantum dot quantum well (QDQW) structures is studied theoretically. The eigenfrequencies of bulk longitudinal optical (LO) and surface optical (SO) modes are derived in the framework of the dielectric continuum approximation. The electron--phonon interaction Hamiltonian for QDQW structures is obtained and the exchange interaction between impurity and LO-phonons is discussed. The binding energy and the trapping energy of the bound polaron in CdS/HgS QDQW structures are calculated. The numerical results reveal that there exist three branches of eigenfrequencies of surface optical vibration in the CdS/HgS QDQW structure. It is also shown that the binding energy and the trapping energy increase as the inner radius of the QDQW structure decreases, with the outer radius fixed, and the trapping energy takes a major part of the binding energy when the inner radius is very small.     

Two-step dissociation of a polaron in conjugated polymers

We have studied the electric-field-driven motion of a polaron by solving the time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation nonadiabatically and the lattice equation of motion simultaneously. It is found that the polaron may experience two sequent transitions under high fields; one is the transition from the subsonic to the supersonic state, and the other from the supersonic to dissociated state. The acoustic mode is decoupled from the charge when the polaron moves at a speed faster than the sound speed, and then the optical mode is decoupled at the second transition to make the polaron dissociate completely.     

极性晶体中三维和二维声学极化子自陷的有效质量特征

运用Huybrechts方法研究了三维和二维声学极化子有效质量作为电子-声子耦合参量的函数的变化特征.对二维声学极化子的研究,采用了我们最近导出的电子-声学声子相互作用哈密顿量.结果表明:电子-声子耦合达到一定强度时声学极化子有效质量发生突变而使极化子自陷,声学极化子在二维系统中比三维条件下更容易自陷.     

声子色散和磁场对极性晶体中极化子自陷能的影响

利用线性组合算符和幺正变换相结合的方法,研究了声子色散和磁场对极性晶体中极化子振动频率和自陷能的影响.计及纵光学(LO)声子色散,在抛物近似下导出了极性晶体中极化子自陷能随电子-纵光学声子耦合常数、回旋共振频率和声子色散系数之间的变化关系.数值计算结果表明极化子自陷能随电子-纵光学声子耦合常数、回旋共振频率和声子色散系数的增大而增大.     

分数维方法研究GaAs薄膜中的极化子

本文采用分数维方法, 在讨论Al_0.3Ga_0.7As衬底上GaAs薄膜的分数维基础上, 计算了GaAs薄膜中的极化子结合能和有效质量. 随着薄膜厚度的增加, 极化子结合能和质量变化单调地减小. 当薄膜厚度L_w<70 Å并且衬底厚度L_b<200 Å时, 衬底厚度的变化对薄膜中极化子的结合能和质量变化的影响比较显著, 随着衬底厚度的增加, 薄膜中极化子的结合能和质量变化逐渐变大; 当薄膜厚度L_w>70 Å或者衬底厚度L_b>200 Å时, 衬底厚度的变化对薄膜中极化子的结合能和质量变化的影响不显著. 研究结果为GaAs薄膜电子和光电子器件的研究和应用提供参考. 关键词： 分数维方法 GaAs薄膜 极化子 低维异质结构     

钛酸锶晶体的光致介电常数激增以及超顺电大极化子理论

钙钛矿类化合物钛酸锶具有明显的光致介电增长的性质,这是由于被光激发至Ti⁴⁺的3d能带上的电子具有良好的巡游特性,为了进一步揭示光致介电增长的微观机理,这里假设巡游电子同时与两类声子发生耦合作用,一方面,电子与A_1g模式的晶格呼吸子发生强相互作用,另一方面,电子还与T_1u模式的非简谐声子具有相对较弱的耦合.通过变分法计算可得,这种复杂的电声耦合作用在晶体中形成两种极化子:自陷极化子和超顺电大极化子.正是由于超顺电大极化子的形成,导致了光致介电激增的现象.     

磁场中多原子极性晶体中体极化子的基态能量

研究磁场中多原子极性晶体中体极化子的性质,采用线性组合算符法,分别导出强,弱耦合情形下体极化子的基态能量。     

压电晶体中表面极化子的性质

研究了压电晶体中表面极化子的性质．首先用微扰法导出了压电晶体中表面极化子的有效哈密顿量，有效质量以及电子-表面声学声子作用的有效势，进而用变分法计算了表面态能量．研究结果指出：表面极化子的自陷能、有效势和有效质量不仅与压电常数、质量密度、声速、声子的德拜波数有关，而且也与电子至表面的距离有关．随着电子远离晶体表面，有效势、有效质量逐渐减小．压电晶体中电子-声学声子作用诱生的有效势是库仑型的，它使电子的能级降低，形成表面态．