双泵并联气压给水系统性能分析

文章讨论了双泵并联工作气压给水系统的工作特点.相对于单泵工作的气压给水系统而言,在罐内压力及机组最大启动次数不变的条件下,双泵并联可减小罐体体积;若罐内压力及罐体体积不变,双泵并联工作可减少水泵启停次数,延长设备使用寿命;若保持罐体体积和机组最大启动次数不变,并联工作可降低系统超压,缩小压力波动范围,改善系统运行条件,取得节能效果.并联后系统的超压仅为单泵运行的39.4%-49.5%;在α＜0.75的情况下,并联工作的节能率一般在10%以上.     

基于气动人工肌肉的混合位置跟踪控制

针对一种气动人工肌肉驱动的弹簧质量位置控制系统,设计了一个带有自适应模糊小脑模型（Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller,CMAC）在线逼近的离散趋近律滑模混合控制器.该混合控制器中离散趋近律滑模策略产生控制器的输出;自适应模糊CMAC用以逼近气动人工肌肉系统中的不确定项.CMAC网络权值的在线学习调整保证了自适应模糊CMAC的逼近性能.对离散抗饱和PID控制器（DASPID）与自适应模糊CMAC离散滑模混合控制器（HybridC）的位置跟踪控制性能进行了对比实验.实验结果表明,HybridC较之DASPID有更好的位置跟踪控制性能.当期望参考输入为正弦信号时,DASPID的最大位置跟踪误差为±15 mm;而HybridC的最大位置跟踪误差仅为±07 mm,平均位置跟踪误差大约仅为±02 mm.并且,离散滑模所固有的抖振现象得到了有效的抑制.     

煤矸石与粉煤灰混合物气力充填的实验研究

介绍了煤矸石与粉煤灰充填材料的物理化学组成和运输系统工作原理,对采空区进行了气力充填的实验研究,针对输送过程中的常见问题提出了具体对策。     

基于单向气动驱动器的软体手变形机理

针对软体气动驱动器的变形机理,以气动驱动软体手为研究对象,开展了基于单向气动驱动器的软体手指弯曲和摆动机理的研究。设计了气动驱动软体手,其弯曲和摆动结构均由多个相互连通的气室和一个不可延伸层组成。当相邻气室因充气膨胀而相互挤压时,气室受到不可延伸层的约束,实现了弯曲和摆动变形。为进一步考察软体手的变形机理,对620#T超弹性硅橡胶材料的非线性力学特性进行了研究,测定了其材料常系数。基于Yeoh模型密度函数,结合空间力矩平衡方程,建立了驱动压强和曲率半径的理论模型,并开展了软体手指弯曲及摆动变形的仿真研究,结果证明了理论模型的正确性。研究结果可以为其他基于气动驱动的软体结构变形机理研究提供理论基础。     

A Spray‐Based Technique for the Production of MnS Thin Films

A spray‐based technique, originally developed for the production of semiconductor nanocrystals, is utilized for the preparation of high‐quality nanocrystalline thin films, as demonstrated with manganese sulfide. The films are formed by the use of pneumatic‐assisted thermospray or pneumatic nebulizers. Our simple, low‐cost, and low‐temperature process results in a dense and phase‐pure grain structure. The concepts and benefits of this technique are described and discussed. The film characteristics show dependence on the experimental parameters, in particular the rate of solvent vaporization. Three alternative film formation mechanisms are suggested for cases with varied experimental conditions.     

室内空间利用中家具的处理手法

论述了如何在有限的室内空间里利用家具这个积极因素，为广大住户提供舒适、合理、方便的室内空间。     

Determination of slug permeability factor for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying

Current models for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying in a horizontal pipeline system assume some type of steady state conditions for prediction,which limits their capability for increased predictive accuracy relative to experimental data.This is partly because of the nature of slug flow pneumatic conveying system,which,as a dynamic system,never becomes stable.By utilising conservation of mass (airflow),a dynamic pressure analysis model is proposed on the basis of the derivative of the upstream pressure behaviour.The rate of air permeation through slug,one of the important factors in the conservation model,is expressed as a function of a slug permeability factor.Other factors such as slug velocity,slug length and the fraction of stationary layer were also considered.Several test materials were conveyed in single-slug tests to verify the proposed pressure drop model,showing good agreement between the model and experimental results.     

Nonlinear model-predictive control with hysteresis compensation of an electro-pneumatic clutch for truck applications

This contribution presents two real-time capable nonlinear model-predictive control (NMPC) approaches for an electro-pneumatic clutch for heavy trucks: a centralized control approach and a cascaded one. A clutch is necessary at start-up or during gear shifts to connect or disconnect the combustion engine and the gear box. This automated actuator disburdens the driver and provides the necessary actuation force according to the large torque typically transmitted through the drive train. The force characteristic of the clutch, however, is subject to hysteresis, which is described by a generalized Bouc–Wen model and used for a feedforward hysteresis compensation in the control algorithm. The proposed NMPC-algorithm involves (i) a minimization of the difference between the desired and predicted state vector at the end of the prediction horizon and (ii) flatness-based techniques to compute desired trajectories for the complete state vector as well as the control input. The optimal control is given by an additional, minimum-norm control input that minimizes the difference between the predicted state vector and the desired one at the end of the prediction horizon. Thereby, the computation effort of the NMPC approaches can be kept relatively small, and a real-time evaluation becomes possible. A reduced-order observer estimates an effective pressure in the clutch that also accounts for an uncertain disturbance force. Thereby, a disturbance compensation and a high tracking accuracy is achievable for the piston position as controlled variable. The efficiency of the two proposed control structures is emphasized by experimental results from a dedicated test rig.     

大颗粒气力输运的CFD与EDEM耦合计算方法

为掌握冰雹颗粒抛射运动过程规律,以支撑冰雹抛射装置设计,需进行冰雹颗粒气力输运过程计算。通过计算流体力学与离散单元法双向耦合进行冰雹等大颗粒气力输运问题的模拟仿真。通过进行不同气源压力、不同抛射管径、不同抛射管长、不同冰雹流量条件下的计算及对比,得到随着气源压力的增大,冰雹抛射速度逐渐增大,气流流量逐渐增大;随着抛射管径的增大,冰雹速度逐渐增大,气流流量平方级增长;随着抛射管长的增大,冰雹速度基本保持不变,气流流量略有减小;随着冰雹流量的增大,冰雹速度逐渐减小,气流流量逐渐减小。     

虚拟装配技术在兆瓦级风机研究开发中的应用

针对当前虚拟装配技术中存在的问题,提出了面向产品装配过程的虚拟装配建模理论与方法,在理论研究的基础上,运用CATIA系统建立了兆瓦级风机机组整机的数字样机,并将样机模型提取到虚拟环境中对其进行装配干涉检查、装配路径规划和优化,确保了产品装配的一次成功,加快了风机机组的研发速度。