模拟压裂作用对水泥环密封性破坏及改善研究

利用全尺寸水泥环密封性评价装置,研究了多段压裂作用下水泥环的密封完整性。分析了密封性破坏的机理;并提出了相应改善措施和评价标准。试验结果显示基浆水泥环在压裂交变应力作用下,加卸载次数较少时,水泥环密封完整性即遭到破坏;密封性失效发生在卸压阶段水泥环与套管之间的界面处。表明在套管内压高应力作用下,弹性模量较高的基浆水泥环中产生较大的应力,除了发生弹性变形还产生了塑性变形;卸载时套管弹性回缩,水泥环中塑性变形不可完全恢复而存在残余应变,导致二者在界面处的变形不协调一致而引起拉应力。随着压裂应力交变次数的增加,水泥环塑性变形不断累积,卸载后的残余变形和拉应力也随之增大。当拉应力超过界面处的胶结强度时出现微环隙,水泥环密封性破坏。采用掺入胶乳、弹性粒子等形成弹塑性水泥石,弹性模量降低并保持较高的抗压强度,压裂作用时水泥环中产生的应力相对其抗压强度较低,产生的塑性变形较小,因此提高了水泥环保持密封完整性时压裂应力交变的次数,改善了水泥环的密封性。     

弹塑性阻尼支座用于自锚式悬索桥减震设计

对南京夹江自锚式悬索桥采用弹塑性阻尼支座进行减隔震设计,并采用非线性动力时程分析方法,对阻尼支座屈服荷载进行了参数敏感性分析.计算结果显示:设置阻尼支座以后,主梁纵向位移减小为飘浮体系的20%,内力则与飘浮体系地震反应相当;横向地震反应也仅为墩梁、塔梁横向固定体系的15%～50%.表明弹塑性阻尼支座可以非常有效地用于独塔自锚式悬索桥减隔震设计.     

塑料包装材料中内分泌干扰素邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的测定

利用固相萃取-气相色谱对塑料包装材料中的6种内分泌干扰素邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁基苄基酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DNOP)进行了研究.采用无水乙醇超声辅助提取样品,低温处理去除杂质,结合ENVI-18固相萃取技术净化提取液,以气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器测定其含量.各待测组分的最小检出量均小于0.04 mg/L,回收率为92.8%～116.7%,相对标准偏差小于8.21%.     

子弹长度对SHPB测试影响的有限元模拟

基于三维弹塑性有限元模型,采用动态显式算法模拟一系列不同长度子弹以相同速度打击 AL6061-T6铝合金试样的分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)实验,得到了试样的应力-应变关系.与实验结果对比,两者吻合较好,验证了SHPB测试原理的合理性.模拟结果表明,子弹长度越长,试样的最大应力和塑性变形越大.     

A simplified model for nonlinear dynamic analysis of steel column subjected to impact

This paper presents a new simplified model of the nonlinear dynamic behavior of a steel column subjected to impact loading. In this model, the impacted column, which undergoes large displacement, consists of two rigid bars connected by generalized elastic–plastic hinges where the deformation of the entire steel column as well as the connections is concentrated. The effect of the rest of the structure on the column is modeled by an elastic spring and a point masse both attached to the top end of the column which is also loaded by a compressive force. The plastification of the hinges follows the normality rule with a yield surface that accounts for the interaction between M and N. The latter is described by a super-elliptic yield surface that allows ones to consider a wide range of convex yield criterion by simply varying the roundness factor that affects the shape of the limit surface. By including these features, the model captures both geometry and material nonlinearities. Both the flow rule and the equations of motion are integrated using the midpoint scheme that conserves energy. The non-smooth nature of impact is considered by writing the equations of motion of colliding masses using differential measures. Contact conditions are written in terms of velocity and combined with Newton's law to provide the constitutive law describing interactions between masses during impact. Numerical applications show that the model is able to capture the behavior of a column subjected to impact.     

Analysis of diffusion induced elastoplastic bending of bilayer lithium-ion battery electrodes

Bilayer electrode, composed of a current collector layer and an active material layer, has great potential in applications of in-situ electrochemical experiments due to the bending upon lithiation. This paper establishes an elastoplastic theory for the lithiation induced deformation of bilayer electrode with consideration of the plastic yield of current collector. It is found that the plastic yield of current collector reduces the restriction of current collector to an active layer, and therefore, enhances in-plane stretching while lowers down the rate of electrode bending. Key parameters that influence the elastoplastic deformation are identified. It is found that the smaller thickness ratio and lower elastic modulus ratio of current collector to an active layer would lead to an earlier plastic yield of the current collector, the larger in-plane strain, and the smaller bending curvature, due to balance between the current collector and the active layer. The smaller yield stress and plastic modulus of current collector have similar impacts on the electrode deformation.     

超高效合相色谱快速检测塑料制品中的15种邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了使用超高效合相色谱检测塑料中15种邻苯二甲酸酯的方法。样品经正己烷超声萃取,过0.45 μ m有机膜后上机测试。采用ACQUITY UPC² HSS C18 SB色谱柱（150 mm×3 mm, 1.8 μ m）,以超临界CO₂流体为主流动相、乙腈为流动相改性剂进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.5 mL/min。在系统背压为12.41 MPa、色谱柱温度为65 ℃、二极管阵列检测器（PDA）检测波长为220 nm的条件下,15种邻苯二甲酸酯可以在8 min内实现分离检测。实验结果表明：15种邻苯二甲酸酯的线性范围为0.5~10 mg/L,相关系数大于0.9960,检出限（S/N=3）为1.0~2.2 mg/kg,加标回收率为78.1%~122.3%,相对标准偏差为2.95%~8.26%。该方法分析速度快,为邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的检测提供了新的选择。     

高强度管线钢的原位拉伸形变分析

运用原位拉伸扫描电子显微镜的观察方法和微观取向分析手段,对比分析了2种高强度级别管线钢X100和X80的动态塑性变形行为.结果表明：X100和X80的微观组织均主要由针状铁素体、粒状贝氏体和M/A岛状组织组成;在拉伸应力的作用下,X100级管线钢的针状铁素体首先发生形变,且随着应变的增加、针状铁素体应变量的累积而导致粒状贝氏体发生形变,其氧化夹杂物成为微裂纹成核的核心,并随着拉伸应力的增加而扩展、连接并导致裂纹贯穿基体,直至失效,在发生形变后,其晶体的{111}晶面沿拉伸形变方向转动;X80级管线钢原位拉伸产生了滑移带,并发生形变,直至断裂.
     

偶联剂对木塑复合材料冲击强度与热膨胀性能的影响(英文)

以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE 6761)为基体,松木纤维(Pine)为增强材料,MAPE(EpoleneG2608)、MAPP(Exxelor VA1840)和Fusabond(WPC576D)为偶联剂,采用注塑法制备木塑复合材料(WPC),并测定了HDPE基体和不同配比WPC的热膨胀性能与冲击强度。结果表明:WPC的冲击强度明显低于高密度聚乙烯板(HDPE),较低的冲击强度是木塑复合材料的一个主要缺点,偶联剂的加入可以提高WPC的冲击强度;WPC的热膨胀系数明显低于HDPE,虽然偶联剂的加入可以较好地抑制热膨胀,但WPC的热膨胀系数的主要影响因素是木纤维的加入量及塑料基体的种类。     

深部巷道初期锚喷支护的非线性数值模拟分析

针对矿井巷道采掘日益加深的现状,根据岩石力学的基本原理,运用ANSYS有限元分析软件,对深部巷道的初期锚喷支护进行非线性数值模拟计算。论文中讨论了支护结构受力情况,分析了支护后围岩的变形与应力分布规律。另外,对巷道初期支护后围岩断面收敛情况进行了数值计算与实测数据的对比分析,并确定出二次支护的最佳时期。结果表明:锚杆与喷射混凝土支护抗变形能力强,可以作为巷道初期支护来控制围岩变形。