二乙烯基苯为交联剂COPNA树脂的研究

以煤沥青为单体、二乙烯基苯（DVB）为交联剂,在对甲苯磺酸的催化作用下合成了缩合多环芳烃（COPNA）树脂。研究了工艺条件对COPNA树脂的收率、溶解性能、软化点和焦化率的影响;此外,采用扫描电镜（SEM）和微分扫描量热法（DSC）研究了COPNA树脂的形成及相转变行为。结果表明：煤沥青含有“惰性”组分,导致COPNA树脂的收率偏低,其收率偏低,其收率最高为42.6%;与煤沥青比较,COPNA树脂的溶解性能较差;COPNA树脂具有良好的工艺性和耐热性;COPNA树指的形成是以球晶方式来进行的,因此不同反应时间树脂的相转变行为有很大的差异。     

Pitch tournament designs and other BIBDs—existence results for the case ν = 8n

A pitch tournament is a resolvable or near resolvable(ν,8,7) BIBD that satisfies certain criteria in addition to theusual condition that ν ≡ 0 or 1 (mod 8). Here we establish that for the case ν = 8n the necessary condition forpitch tournaments is sufficient for all n > 1615, with at most 187 smaller exceptions. This complements our earlier study of the ν = 8n + 1 case, where we established sufficiency for all n > 224, with at most 28 smaller exceptions. The four missing cases for (ν,8,7) BIBDs are provided, namely ν∈{48,56,96,448}, thereby establishing that the necessary existence conditions are sufficient without exception. Some constructions for resolvable designs are also provided, reducing the existence question for (ν,8,7) RBIBDs to 21 possible exceptions. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Combin Designs 9: 334–356, 2001     

沥青基离子交换树脂的合成及其机理研究

以沥青为原料,以糠醛为交联剂,浓硫酸为引发剂,合成共聚树脂基体并通过原位红外光谱研究其合成机理,并进一步对基体进行功能基化处理,制得沥青基离子交换树脂,重点研究了树脂基体合成及基体磺化制备阳离子交换树脂,找出了基体合成及磺化的最佳工艺条件。所得离子交换树脂的交换容量可达3．2mmol/g左右,具有进一步开发价值。     

玻璃纤维沥青碎石混合料应用研究

根据室内试验和现场试验成果,分析了"玻璃纤维沥青碎石"的强度形成机理,探索了玻璃纤维沥青碎石混合料的低温抗裂性能和施工工艺,提出"玻璃纤维沥青碎石"用做因疲劳开裂的沥青路面的罩面层和半刚性基层上的沥青路面的面层,可以大大减少半刚性基层材料的反射裂缝,延长路面的使用寿命.     

煤沥青改性中间相炭微球制备高密高强石墨的研究

为解决低粘结组分中间相炭微球(MCMB)自烧结性较差的问题,采用热分析和扫描电镜等表征方法,研究了煤沥青种类对改性MCMB粉体烧结性能及其所制备的石墨材料性能的影响.结果表明,采用溶液混合法可在MCMB粉体(D50=23μm)表面均匀包覆一层煤沥青,并显著提高了低粘结组分MCMB粉体的烧结性能.以改性MCMB粉体为原料经等静压成型、焙烧和石墨化处理所制备的石墨材料均匀致密,抗折强度明显高于以未经改性处理的MCMB粉体为原料制备的石墨材料(22MPa),并按改性用高温沥青、改质沥青和中温沥青的顺序依次升高,分别为27.7 MPa、42.7 MPa和56.9 MPa.     

截断系泊系统不同恢复力矩特性对于深水半潜式平台摇摆运动的影响

以工作在1.5km水深的半潜式平台为例,在截断水深模型实验中,设计5套符合水平及垂向回复力、最大单根缆受力特性相似的截断系泊系统,使之具有不同的力矩特性曲线.通过时域耦合计算,比较在这些截断系泊系统下平台的摇荡运动的差异,并与实验结果对比分析.结果表明,水深截断系泊系统的力矩特性是否相似对半潜式平台摇荡运动有一定影响,平台的水平偏移越大时影响越显著.说明在截断系泊系统设计中,保持与全水深系统一致的力矩相似特性的必要性.     

人体上肢运动的Kane动力学模型

建立了人体上肢3刚体7自由度的多刚体模型，并应用Kane方法建立了上肢鞭打动作的物理模型，计算出上肢各环节在鞭打动作过程中的肌肉力矩和关节反作用力．实践证明，Kane方法在描述和计算上肢运动的形式和力矩时具有列解方程规范简洁、编程计算方便高效的特点，计算结果能够反映动作实际．通过对棒球投掷动作上肢三个环节力和力矩进行计算与分析，初步了解了上肢各环节在运动过程中肌肉力矩和关节反作用力与动作技术的关系．     

Optical and mesomorphic properties characterisation of chiral liquid crystalline copolysiloxane exhibiting cholesteric and blue phases

A series of liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) have been synthesised by two cholesteric monomers M₁, M₂ and a nematic monomer M₃. The chemical structures and liquid crystalline properties of the monomers and polymers have been characterised by FTIR, ¹H-NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analyses, X-ray diffraction measurements and polarising optical microscopy. All LCPs show a high thermal stability with wide mesophase temperature ranges. For polymer P₁ bearing only cholesteric LC monomers component, it shows a cholesteric phase, whereas others display a blue phase besides a cholesteric phase. The formation of the blue phase is based on the structures of the polymers and the produced biaxial helix. The glass transition temperature and isotropic temperature of the polymers decrease on heating cycle with increasing the content of M₃ in the polymers. The specific rotation values of the polymers are temperature-sensitive. The reflection spectra of polymers P₁–P₆ show that the maximum reflected wavelengths shift to long wavelength with increasing the content of M₃ in the polymer systems. The frequency and intensity of the bands change sharply at the temperature where cholesteric phase changes to blue phase, but they show a weak dependence on temperature in the blue phase.     

Calorimetric studies of poly (2-phenoxyethylacrylate)/5CB mixtures

The thermophysical properties of mixtures of poly (2-phenoxyethylacrylate) and 4-cyano-4′-pentyl-biphenyl, 5CB, are investigated using polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The polymer has a molar mass M _w = 181 000 g mol ^-1 the low molecular mass liquid crystal exhibits a nematic to isotropic transition at 35.3°C and crystallizes below 23°C. The phase diagram exhibits miscibility gaps in certain regions of temperature and composition where coexisting nematic and isotropic phases are found. From a practical point of view when considering the electro-optical applications of these systems, it proves to be useful to know precisely the amount of small liquid crystal molecules dissolved in the polymer matrix and the concentration of polymer in the nematic phase. The former quantity has a mechanical impact due to a plasticizing effect, an optical impact since it changes the polymer refractive index, while the polymer in the nematic phase shifts the transition temperatures influencing the electro-optical response of the liquid crystal. The present work addresses these important aspects using POM and DSC.     

复合改性炭沥青稳定性研究

将两种软化剂分别掺入煤沥青,制得软化煤沥青,再与石油沥青混合,经SBS改性后得到复合改性炭沥青.采用四组分分析法和胶体不稳定指数(Ic)研究复合改性炭沥青的胶体稳定性.结果表明,加入适量的软化煤沥青能够增加复合改性炭沥青中沥青质含量,减少饱和分含量,同时达到调节芳香分和胶质含量的作用,使复合改性炭沥青的四组分含量分布合理.所制复合改性炭沥青的Ic值较低,胶体体系稳定.