Classification of Polish Natural Bee Honeys Based on Their Chemical Composition

The targeted quantitative NMR (qNMR) approach is a powerful analytical tool, which can be applied to classify and/or determine the authenticity of honey samples. In our study, this technique was used to determine the chemical profiles of different types of Polish honey samples, featured by variable contents of main sugars, free amino acids, and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on concentrations of selected compounds to determine significant differences in their levels between all types of honey. For pattern recognition, principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted and good separations between all honey samples were obtained. The results of present studies allow the differentiation of honey samples based on the content of sucrose, glucose, and fructose, as well as amino acids such as tyrosine, phenylalanine, proline, and alanine. Our results indicated that the combination of qNMR with chemometric analysis may serve as a supplementary tool in specifying honeys.     

Three New Acrylic Acid Derivatives from Achillea mellifolium as Potential Inhibitors of Urease from Jack Bean and α-Glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

(1) Background: Achillea mellifolium belongs to a highly reputed family of medicinal plants, with plant extract being used as medicine in indigenous system. However, limited data is available regarding the exploitation of the medicinal potential of isolated pure compounds from this family; (2) Methods: A whole plant extract was partitioned into fractions and on the basis of biological activity, an ethyl acetate fraction was selected for isolation of pure compounds. Isolated compounds were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques. The compounds isolated from this study were tested for their medicinal potential using in-vitro enzyme assay, coupled with in-silico studies; (3) Results: Three new acrylic acid derivatives (1–3) have been isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Achillea mellifolium. The characterization of these compounds (1–3) was carried out using UV/Vis, FT-IR, 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopy (¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, HMBC, NOESY) and mass spectrometry. These acrylic acid derivatives were further evaluated for their enzyme inhibition potential against urease from jack bean and α glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using both in-silico and in-vitro approaches. In-vitro studies showed that compound 3 has the highest inhibition against urease enzyme (IC₅₀ =10.46 ± 0.03 μΜ), followed by compound 1 and compound 2 with percent inhibition and IC₅₀ value of 16.87 ± 0.02 c and 13.71 ± 0.07 μΜ, respectively, compared to the standard (thiourea-IC₅₀ = 21.5 ± 0.01 μΜ). The investigated IC₅₀ value of compound 3 against the urease enzyme is two times lower compared to thiourea, suggesting that this compound is twice as active compared to the standard drug. On the other hand, all three compounds (1–3) revealed mild inhibition potential against α-glucosidase. In-silico molecular docking studies, in combination with MD simulations and free energy, calculations were also performed to rationalize their time evolved mode of interaction inside the active pocket. Binding energies were computed using a MMPBSA approach, and the role of individual residues to overall binding of the inhibitors inside the active pockets were also computed; (4) Conclusions: Together, these studies confirm the inhibitory potential of isolated acrylic acid derivatives against both urease and α-glucosidase enzymes; however, their inhibition potential is better for urease enzyme even when compared to the standard.     

北京市某小学雨水利用案例分析

以北京市某小学为例，进行了雨水利用和水景系统的方案设计，根据水量平衡计算，充分利用校园内汇集的雨水，进行处理后作为冲洗、绿化和水景用水；充分考虑雨水径流的污染，合理地设计雨水的截污、净化、输送系统，并采取相应的水景水循环与水质保障措施。     

基于Fairclough三维框架对米歇尔·奥巴马身份建构的研究--以米歇尔·奥巴马2012年民主党大会演讲为例

Fairclough三维框架结合语言学和社会学理论,以解构的方式解读话语。以该框架为基础,对米歇尔·奥巴马2012年民主党大会演讲的批评话语分析发现,米歇尔在话语中动态建构了多重身份,在刻意突出其“母亲”和“第一夫人”身份的同时,忽略其种族身份。在米歇尔身份建构的背后隐藏着具有欺骗性的价值观和意识形态,目的是赢得选民、媒体的信任和认同。     

基于声波测速的充填体完整性检测

为检测水泥-尾砂充填体内部构造和力学性能,采用钻芯法从采场充填挡墙或相应部位施工覆盖整个采场的地质孔取样,使用SY-1型声波仪对样品进行声波测试,通过配套软件分析波形和频谱.结果表明:波速和动弹性力学指标的差距源自强度和疏密构造差异;虽不同充填体声波波速不同,但其声波波形和频谱成分基本相同;声波延时长、主频集中、频谱较简洁且振幅较高,反映出充填体内部夹杂、孔洞和空穴等缺陷少,结构较完整.     

VILOFT针织保暖内衣面料的舒适性

用灰色聚类分析的方法对用VILOFT纤维开发的针织保暖内衣面料的舒适性进行研究，证明该类保暖内衣面料具有较高的保暖性、良好的透气性和透湿性，并选出了较优的方案．     

牛仔裤的板型分析

大多数斜纹布牛仔裤裤腿的内侧缝都存在左前右后的不对称现象,追踪市场发现,莱维（ＬＥＶＩ＇Ｓ）、ＬＥＥ等一些较高档次的牛仔裤,同样采用斜纹布,其造型却无此现象,对其板型进行分析,得知左右内侧缝拧斜的原因是由于面料纬斜的特性造成的;而穿着舒适、运动机能性好,与该公司对牛仔裤运动松量的处理技法有着密切关系     

钢管订购和运输问题的线性规划模型

本文运用线性规划理论建立了钢管订购和运输计划问题的数学模型。在求解时分别利用了图论中求最短路长的算法、整数规划中的 0— 1规划的解法及运输问题的表上作业法 ,利用计算机求得最优方案 :即最小总费用为 1 2 741 44 .4万元。     

市场经济体制的道德性解证

本文道德通过论证制度或体制伦理的存在,指出我国传统伦理学过分重视个人道德义务的重大缺陷,希望加快经济制度或体制伦理学的研究与宣传。作者认为,在我国经济体制转轨过程中,制度道德远比个人道德重要,并在疏解体制伦理概念的基础上,提出市场经济体制必然存在着相应的道德设定,同时初步地讨论了确立社会主义市场经济体制道德原则的基本条件,从而为新时期的道德建设探导基本的路径。