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51.
Owen S. Jeong B. C. Poole P. S. Macaskie L. E. 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1992,(1):693-707
Tributyl phosphate (TBP), a plasticizer and solvent, is used in nuclear fuel reprocessing, generating TBP wastes laden with
residual uranium. ACitrobacter sp. accumulated heavy metals via a phosphohydrolase(s) that precipitated metals with inorganic phosphate liberated from an
organic phosphate “donor” molecule (TBP). Mutant analysis suggested that TBP hydrolysis was not attributable to a previously
documented acid phosphatase (monoesterase). Purified monoesterase had little activity against phospho di- and triesters, had
no requirement for Mg2+ or Mn2+, and was EDTA-resistant. Conversely, TBP cleavage by immobilized cells was enhanced by Mg2+, and ininhibited by Mn2+ and EDTA. A separate phosphotri/diesterase was implicated. 相似文献
52.
Cerium phosphate nanoparticles with diameters of 10-180 nm were synthesized by a variety of solution techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) determined the crystalline phase(s) present in each sample. Population, shift, and spin-lattice relaxation 31P solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements accounted for all the 31P nuclei expected in each sample, and were able to distinguish between phosphorous nuclei in different environments and phases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterized the morphology and crystallinity of the powder samples as well as of the sintered compacts of the powders. In conjunction with TEM, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) provided a measure of the composition of the bulk intergranular regions within each CePO4 sample. The presence of an amorphous, phosphate-rich intergranular phase was found in those samples prepared by dissolution of ceria in H3PO4 under various conditions. 相似文献
53.
采用高温固相反应合成了磷酸钡钙∶铈、锰红色荧光粉。借助TG,XRD,荧光粉相对亮度仪、荧光分光光度仪等手段系统研究了合成过程中原料化学组成及配比、合成条件对磷酸钡钙∶铈、锰发光性能的影响。结果表明,荧光粉基质(BaxCa1-x)3(PO4)2具有畸变的Ca3(PO4)2结构。该荧光粉中Ce3+是助激活剂,Mn2+是激活剂,由Ce3+→Mn2+的能量传递使Mn2+激发产生650 nm左右的发射,当Ce3+和Mn2+浓度相等且都为0.15时,荧光粉有最高的红色发射亮度。 相似文献
54.
Various computational approaches, using molecular mechanics (Amber), semiempirical (AM1), density functional (B3LYP), and various ONIOM methods, have been comparatively investigated for the structure of Escherichia coli NifS CsdB protein. The structure of the entire monomer containing 407 amino acid residues and 579 surrounding water molecules has been optimized. The full geometry optimization in the "active site-only" approach (including only active site atoms) has been found to give the largest root-mean-square (RMS) deviation from the X-ray structure; a much better agreement has been achieved by keeping the atoms leading to the backbones of some amino acids frozen in their positions in the X-ray structure. The best agreement has been attained by including the surrounding protein in the calculations using the two-layer ONIOM (B3LYP:Amber) approach. The results presented in this study conclusively demonstrate the importance of the protein/active-site interaction on the active-site structure of the enzyme. The present theoretical study represents the largest system studied at the ONIOM level to date, containing 7992 atoms, including 84 atoms in the QM region and rest in the MM region. 相似文献
55.
Properties of Sr2Cu(PO4)2 and Ba2Cu(PO4)2 having [Cu(PO4)2]∞ linear chains in their structures with Cu-O-P-O-Cu linkages were studied by magnetic susceptibility (T=2-400 K, H=100 Oe) and specific heat measurements (T=0.45-21 K). Magnetic susceptibility versus temperature curves, χ(T), showed broad maxima at TM=92 K for Sr2Cu(PO4)2 and TM=82 K for Ba2Cu(PO4)2 characteristic of quasi-one-dimensional systems. The χ(T) data were excellently fitted by the spin susceptibility curve for the uniform S=1/2 chain (plus temperature-independent and Curie-Weiss terms) with g=2.153(4) and J/kB=143.6(2) K for Sr2Cu(PO4)2 and g=2.073(4) and J/kB=132.16(9) K for Ba2Cu(PO4)2 (Hamiltonian H=JΣSiSi+1). The similar J/kB values were obtained from the specific heat data. No anomaly was observed on the specific heat from 0.45 to 21 K for both compounds indicating that the temperatures of long-range magnetic ordering, TN, were below 0.45 K. Sr2Cu(PO4)2 and Ba2Cu(PO4)2 are an excellent physical realization of the S=1/2 linear chain Heisenberg antiferromagnet with kBTN/J<0.34% together with Sr2CuO3 (kBTN/J≈0.25%) and γ-LiV2O5 (kBTN/J<0.16%). Sr2Cu(PO4)2 and Ba2Cu(PO4)2 were stable in air up to 1280 and 1150 K, respectively. 相似文献
56.
A simple and automated methodology for a sensitive electrochemical detection of enzyme immunoassays that employ alkaline phosphatase (AP) as label has been developed. A flow injection system with programmable pump, valve and cell functions, amperometric detection of indigo and screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) are responsible for the advantages of this methodology. Amperometric detection at a low potential of indigo, the product of the enzymatic hydrolysis of the substrate 3-indoxyl phosphate (IP), is combined with a flow injection system. This incorporates in the flow cell a disposable screen-printed board provided with a graphite working electrode. No electrode pretreatment is necessary to obtain reproducible signals. The system was applied to the determination by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) of pneumolysin (PLY), a toxin related to respiratory infections. Linear calibration curves for low and high concentration ranges were obtained. These were also performed in a proteic matrix and linearity was also obtained. 相似文献
57.
Summary A strategy was developed which uses the adduct of ozone and triphenyl phosphite as a substitute for photochemically generated singlet oxygen in ene reactions of olefins. The resulting allylic hydroperoxide can be conveniently reduced by a second mole of phosphite to yield the corresponding allylic alcohol. The aryl phosphate produced as the by-product can either be recycled by reduction or used itself as a commodity. As an example, the two key steps of the rose oxide synthesis involving singlet oxygen can thus be reduced to a one pot procedure. With respect to the reaction mechanism, additional arguments for the direct reaction of the olefin with the phosphite ozonide were gathered. A simple decomposition of the ozonide to produce singlet oxygen was made rather unlikely.
Ozon als Sauerstoffquelle für En-Reaktionen von Olefinen
Zusammenfassung Es wurde eine Strategie zum Ersatz von photochemisch erzeugtem Singlett-Sauerstoff durch das Addukt aus Ozon und Triphenylphosphit zum Einsatz in En-Reaktionen von Olefinen entwickelt. Das entstehende allylische Hydroperoxid kann durch ein zweites Molekül Phosphit einfach zum entsprechenden allylischen Alkolhol reduziert werden. Das als Nebenprodukt entstehende Arylphosphat kann entweder durch Reduktion recycliert oder direkt als Handelsware weiterverwendet werden. Auf diese Weise können zum Beispiel die beiden Stufen der Rosenoxidsynthese, an denen Singlett-Sauerstoff beteiligt ist, zu einer Eintopfreaktion vereinfacht werden. Bezüglich des Reaktionsmechanismus wurden zusätzliche Hinweise auf die direkte Reaktion des Phosphitozonids mit dem Olefin gefunden. Eine Zersetzung des Ozonids unter Bildung von Singlettsauerstoff ist nicht wahrscheinlich.相似文献
58.
Ivan Němec Zorka Machá?ková Ivana Císa?ová Zdeněk Mi?ka 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2004,177(12):4655-4664
Aminoguanidinium(1+) dihydrogen phosphate was prepared by crystallization from aqueous solution. On the basis of the results of DSC measurements, X-ray structural analysis was carried out at temperatures of 160, 215 and 293 K for three aminoguanidinium(1+) dihydrogen phosphate phases ( |Z=2|non-ferroic |melting point 408 K; II |201-222 K|(2) |Z=2|non-ferroic|-; III |<201 K|(2)|Z=4|non-ferroic|-). The triclinic unit cell dimensions (a=6.8220(2), b=7.1000(2), c=7.4500(2) Å, α=86.925(2)°, β=80.731(2)°, γ=79.630(2)°, V=350.21(2) Å3—phase I) are similar for all three structural phases with the exception of phase III, where doubling of the c-axis length leads to an increase in the volume to 692.34(3) Å3. The crystal structure of all three modifications consists of parallel layers of dihydrogen phosphate anions that are interconnected by aminoguanidinium(1+) cations through hydrogen bonds of the N-H…O type. The planar aminoguanidinium(1+) cations are oriented almost parallel to each other and are perpendicular to the anion layers. The primary differences amongst phases I, II and III lie in the location of the H atom in the short O-H…O bonds connecting the dihydrogen phosphate anions in layers. The FTIR and FT Raman spectra of natural and deuterated compounds were recorded and interpreted. The FTIR spectra were studied down to a temperature of 90 K. 相似文献
59.
Hiromi Matsushita Ritsuko Nagao Masayuki Nogami Toshihiro Kasuga Tomokatsu Hayakawa 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2000,19(1-3):559-562
High proton-conducting P2O5-SiO2 glass was applied to the electrolyte of the hydrogen concentration cell for hydrogen gas sensing. 5P2O5·95SiO2 glass was prepared using the sol-gel method and its electrical conductivity and electromotive force were measured at 50°C as a function of both the ambient humidity and hydrogen gas concentration. The electrical conductivities increased with increasing humidity and reached 10–2 S/cm at 90% relative humidity. The electromotive force of the hydrogen concentration cell, where the glass was used as a membrane, showed good Nernstian response to hydrogen pressure in the high relative humidity region. 相似文献
60.
《Electroanalysis》2005,17(9):749-754
A sensitive electrochemical method for the determination of simvastatin (SV) was established, based on the enhanced oxidation of SV at a multi‐walled carbon nanotubes‐dihexadecyl hydrogen phosphate composite modified glassy carbon electrode (MWNTs‐DHP/GCE). The voltammetric studies showed that MWNTs instead of DHP or GCE could effectively catalyze the oxidation of SV. The dependence of oxidation current on SV concentration was explored under optimal conditions, which exhibited a good linear relationship in the range of 1.0×10?7–7.5×10?6 M. The detection limit of SV was also examined and a low value of 5.0×10?8 M was obtained for 5 min accumulation (σ=3). This electrode was applied to the detection of SV in drug forms and the results were in accordance with those obtained by UV spectroscopy. 相似文献