新时期石油企业文化建设浅析

随着形势的发展变化，企业文化建设在企业的战略发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用，必须通过有效的途径，才能构建具有石油企业特色的企业文化。     

管道式油气水高效分离技术

目前我国原油开采面临陆上油田采出液含水率高,以及海上平台空间局促、指标严苛等实际问题,因此对传统油气水分离技术提出了巨大挑战。中国科学院力学研究所研发的新型管道式油气水高效分离技术,主要包括T型管分离技术、柱型旋流管分离技术、以及导流片型分离技术等,不仅取得了创新性的研究成果,还进一步推动了技术成果转化,在工业现场取得了良好的应用效果,符合我国未来科学技术的发展方向。     

石油价格与中国的经济安全

在回顾国际石油价格变动的基础上,分析了石油价格变动的原因,指出石油价格的上涨对中国经济安全的影响。     

SBS改性沥青应力吸收层配合比设计

应力吸收层是防止半刚性基层沥青路面反射裂缝的有效措施.通过SBS改性沥青应力吸收层目标配合比设计、生产配合比设计试验,提出了SBS改性沥青应力吸收层配合比,并将成果用于试验路段的施工,抗裂效果显著.     

低复杂度的基音检测算法

在确保语音信号基音检测算法准确度和稳健性的前提下,降低其复杂度,增强实时性.首先给出了基音周期提取过程的实现框图,而后结合流程图详细阐述了提出的新算法,最后通过对仿真实验结果的分析,表明新算法在噪声环境下,仍能精确地提取基音周期.     

Effect of rosin to coal-tar pitch on carbonization behavior and optical texture of resultant semi-cokes

Coal-tar pitch was modified with rosin, and carbonization behavior of the modified pitches and optical texture of resultant semi-cokes were studied in this paper. The carbonization behavior was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The optical texture of resultant semi-cokes was characterized by polarized-light microscopy. The results show that there are marked differences in the carbonization behavior of coal-tar pitch and the modified pitches. The modification results in a small decrease in carbonization yield by 1.2–3.2% when rosin content is kept at 5–15 wt.% of coal-tar pitch. The modified pitches have functional groups of cycloparaffin, double bonds, and carboxyl group, which gradually disappear and aromatization degree increases with increasing heat treatment temperature. Moreover, the modification contributes to a notable improvement in the optical texture of resultant semi-cokes which varies from coarse-grained mosaics to domains.     

Thermal treatment of pitch-polymer blends

Coal-tar pitch was modified by addition of polystyrene, poly(ethylene terephthalate), unsaturated polyester and coumarone-indene resin. The optimum conditions for production of homogeneous binary pitch-polymer blends containing 10% w/w of the polymer were established. Softening points, contents of toluene and quinoline-insoluble matters and rheological properties of the blends were determined. The yield of solid fraction in semi-coking the blends was also found. The effect of polymers on the coal-tar pitch blend properties was evaluated. Some pitch-polymer blends were then carbonized to carbon sorbents used for purification of water and wastewater.     

地下水石油污染的原位空气曝气修复技术

针对东北某石油污染场地水文地质条件进行模拟,按照试验场地地层现状进行实验室缩放。选取苯和二甲苯作为目标石油污染物,采用电阻层析成像技术测定空气曝气技术的影响半径,研究非均质介质砾砂、粗砂和中砂条件下,空气曝气技术对苯和二甲苯的去除效果。实验结果表明:在非均匀介质中的影响半径不是围绕曝气井呈中心对称分布的,存在气体偏流和绕流现象。空气曝气技术(AS)对中砂层中苯和二甲苯的去除效果要比砾砂层和粗砂层的好;曝气15 d后,AS对苯和二甲苯的去除率分别为75.6%和71.3%。AS在去除污染物的过程中,存在明显的拖尾现象。     

LPG罐区火灾爆炸危险性的定量评价

文章分析了对液化石油气储罐区物质危险性和常见事故类型,就罐区而言,池火灾、蒸气云爆炸(VCE)和沸腾液体扩展蒸气云爆炸(BLEVE)是三种常见事故。选用池火灾和蒸气云爆炸简化数学模型对液化石油气储罐区的火灾事故后果进行了定量评价,确定了火灾事故的人员伤害和财产损失范围。所得结果对于储罐区安全距离、防火堤设计及事故应急救援具有一定的指导意义。