Syntheses and Characterization of Novel Perovskite-Type LaScO3-Based Lithium Ionic Conductors

Perovskite-type lithium ionic conductors were explored in the (Li_xLa_1−x/3)ScO₃ system following their syntheses via a high-pressure solid-state reaction. Phase identification indicated that a solid solution with a perovskite-type structure was formed in the range 0 ≤ x < 0.6. When x = 0.45, (Li_0.45La_0.85)ScO₃ exhibited the highest ionic conductivity and a low activation energy. Increasing the loading of lithium as an ionic diffusion carrier expanded the unit cell volume and contributed to the higher ionic conductivity and lower activation energy. Cations with higher oxidation numbers were introduced into the A/B sites to improve the ionic conductivity. Ce⁴⁺ and Zr⁴⁺ or Nb⁵⁺ dopants partially substituted the A-site (La/Li) and B-site Sc, respectively. Although B-site doping produced a lower ionic conductivity, A-site Ce⁴⁺ doping improved the conductive properties. A perovskite-type single phase was obtained for (Li_0.45La_0.78Ce_0.05)ScO₃ upon Ce⁴⁺ doping, providing a higher ionic conductivity than (Li_0.45La_0.85)ScO₃. Compositional analysis and crystal-structure refinement of (Li_0.45La_0.85)ScO₃ and (Li_0.45La_0.78Ce_0.05)ScO₃ revealed increased lithium contents and expansion of the unit cell upon Ce⁴⁺ co-doping. The highest ionic conductivity of 1.1 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ at 623 K was confirmed for (Li_0.4Ce_0.15La_0.67)ScO₃, which is more than one order of magnitude higher than that of the (Li_xLa_1−x/3)ScO₃ system.     

Investigation of the Stability of Methylammonium Lead Iodide (MAPbI3) Film Doped with Lead Cesium Triiodide (CsPbI3) Quantum Dots under an Oxygen Plasma Atmosphere

In this study, we describe composited perovskite films based on the doping of lead cesium triiodide (CsPbI₃) quantum dots (QDs) into methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI₃). CsPbI₃ QDs and MAPbI₃ were prepared by ligand-assisted re-precipitation and solution mixing, respectively. These films were optimized by oxygen plasma treatment, and the effect of powers from 0 to 80 W on the structural properties of the composited perovskite films is discussed. The experimental results showed that the light-harvesting ability of the films was enhanced at 20 W. The formation of the metastable state (lead(II) oxide and lead tetroxide) was demonstrated by peak differentiation-imitating. A low power enhanced the quality of the films due to the removal of organic impurities, whereas a high power caused surface damage in the films owing to the severe degradation of MAPbI₃.     

In Situ Observation of Ferroelastic Domain and Phase Transition in a Three-Dimensional Molecular Crystal

Massive efforts have been devoted to designing molecular ferroic materials by molecular modification. For molecular ferroelastic, previous work is focused on the temperature-dependent ferroelastic domains, however, few are related to controlling the ferroelastic domain by the stress. Inspired by the “quasi-spherical theory” and fluorination effect, we designed a more flexible (MedabcoF)²⁺ (MedabcoF=1-fluoro-4-methyl-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) cation by introducing a methyl group and a fluorine atom at the two symmetrical ends of the Dabco (1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) and synthesized a hybrid 3D perovskite (MedabcoF)Rb(BF₄)₃ ( 1 ) which displays three reversible phase transitions accompanying dual ferroelastic behavior. Besides, it not only exhibits ferroelastic domains switching by the thermal stimulation, and the sensitive reaction of in situ domains under the stress of it is also realized. This work not only achieves a force-controlled ferroelastic domain but develops a more profound comprehension of the relationship between the thermal motion behavior of guest cations and the intriguing properties of materials.     

CsPbIBr2钙钛矿太阳能电池中通过氧气诱导Spiro-OMeTAD快速氧化

Spiro-OMeTAD是钙钛矿型太阳能电池中应用最广泛的空穴传输材料,它本身的空穴传输率很低,需要氧化之后才能满足高效率太阳能电池器件的要求.然而,Spiro-OMeTAD在空气中的氧化时间较长,同时空气中的水分会造成器件效率的下降以及器件质量不稳定等不良后果.基于此,我们通过一步法制备CsPbIBr2无机钙钛矿太阳...     

白光及紫外光辐照下甲氨碘化铅基钙钛矿太阳能电池降解机制差异

本工作实验对比了可见光以及紫外光辐照下甲氨碘化铅(CH3NH3PbI3即MAPbI3)基钙钛矿太阳能电池器件性能及微结构演变特征差异.结果表明可见光辐照下钙钛矿太阳能电池器件中MAPbI3层发生降解的同时,伴随着Au元素从金属电极一侧向MAPbI3和电子传输层SnO2的界面处迁移现象.但相较于紫外光,可见光辐照下器件中...     

团簇离子枪对CH3NH3PbI3钙钛矿薄膜的影响研究

以氩离子团簇为溅射源,对采用一步旋涂法制备的CH₃NH₃PbI₃钙钛矿薄膜进行溅射实验,通过XPS分析检测样品表面Pb元素的价态变化。结果表明,新制备的钙钛矿薄膜材料表面没有检测出Pb⁰,而经过团簇离子枪溅射的样品中部分Pb²⁺还原成Pb⁰,证明了氩离子团簇刻蚀对钙钛矿材料具有破坏作用。一方面,溅射时间的增加以及团簇离子枪能量的增大均会加大钙钛矿材料的损伤程度;另一方面,离子枪团簇规模大小与溅射损伤程度呈近抛物线关系。因此,在进行此类样品表面清洁时,应尽量减小离子枪能量和溅射时间,选择较小或较大的团簇规模以减少对样品的损伤。该研究对于钙钛矿样品在进行XPS检测和数据分析时具有参考价值。     

金属卤化物钙钛矿纳米晶高效发光二极管的制备与器件性能优化

金属卤化物钙钛矿作为一类新型的离子型直接带隙半导体材料在电致发光二极管(LED)中有着重要应用前景. 但实现其应用的前提在于金属卤化物钙钛矿材料需要保持高的发光效率和好的稳定性. 为了提高金属卤化物钙钛矿作为LED发光层的激子结合效率, 从而提升其发光效率, 设计和合成金属卤化物钙钛矿纳米晶材料是一个有效途径. 目前, 基于纳米晶材料设计的金属卤化物钙钛矿LED在绿光和红光(包括近红外光)范围已经展现了高的发光亮度和外量子效率(EQE), 其中最高EQE已经超过了20%, 但其稳定性仍无法满足器件应用的要求. 此外, 更值得关注且更重要的是, 蓝光钙钛矿LED的发光亮度和EQE目前仍然不高. 如何制备高效、 稳定的金属卤化物钙钛矿纳米晶LED, 特别是蓝光LED, 是一个具有重大应用前景且具有挑战性的课题. 本文重点介绍了金属卤化物钙钛矿纳米发光层的结构设计和合成方法及金属卤化物钙钛矿LED的研究进展, 分析了金属卤化物钙钛矿LED不稳定的原因, 并对金属卤化物钙钛矿LED研究面临的挑战和未来发展方向进行了总结与展望.     

锡基钙钛矿太阳能电池研究进展

自2009年以来,有机-无机卤化物钙钛矿因其独特的光学和电学性能,在光电材料领域受到了广泛的研究,尤其是Pb基的卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池,目前光电转换效率高达创纪录的约25.2%,显示出强大的商业化潜力。然而,Pb元素的毒性及因而导致的环境隐患问题,一直是其产业化过程中的顾虑之一。因此,寻求能替代Pb的环境友好的元素,是一个十分重要的课题。Pb基钙钛矿材料优异的光电特性来源于Pb²⁺的最外层6s2孤对电子,与Pb元素同主族的Sn元素能够形成三维钙钛矿结构且同样具有惰性5s2外层电子结构,因而是替代Pb的首选。本文系统地介绍了Sn基钙钛矿的光学和电学性质,并从薄膜制备方法和不同的器件结构方面介绍Sn基钙钛矿太阳能电池的最新进展。     

二维有机-无机杂化钙钛矿铁电材料的研究进展

铁电性通常是指电介质材料的自发极化取向随着外加电场发生变化的性能.以自发极化为核心,铁电材料表现出优异的介电响应、热释电性、压电性、电光效应和非线性光学效应等,是一类具有广阔应用前景的功能材料.近年来,二维有机-无机杂化钙钛矿化合物在铁电研究领域崭露头角,逐渐发展为铁电材料的重要组成部分.此类材料具有独特的结构兼容性与...     

钙钛矿量子点在荧光分析检测中的应用

钙钛矿量子点(PQDs)是一种新兴的发光纳米晶体,相较于传统量子点材料,PQDs有着高荧光量子产率、强量子光发射、窄发射带宽、可调谐发射波长等更为优异的光学性能,故而在荧光分析检测领域内具有广阔的应用前景。本文简述了PQDs的结构、合成及其光学调控;综述了PQDs在重金属离子、有机物、气体及阴离子荧光分析检测中的研究进展,对其检测效果及机理展开讨论分析;此外,本文还总结了PQDs在实际应用中存在问题的应对策略及解决思路,展望了其发展前景,以期为PQDs在荧光分析检测领域的进一步应用提供参考。