μs级负充电时不同体积分数去离子水与乙二醇混合液电性能的实验研究

 以去离子水与乙二醇的混合液（体积分数分别为36.5%,48.7%,59.0%及71.2%，以下简称混合液）作为同轴传输线的绝缘介质，进行了μs级高电压负充电条件下的正电极击穿实验，研究了混合液的击穿电压、击穿时间、相对介电常数及电阻率与体积分数的关系。实验结果表明：在充电电压为20kV时，71.2%的混合液比36.5%的混合液的平均击穿电压提高25.1%，平均击穿时间延长10.49%，而相对介电常数减小868%。同时，随着充电时间的缩短，混合液的击穿电压提高。     

Dielectric Loss and Electrical Conductivity Behaviors of Epoxy Composites Containing Semiconducting ZnO Varistor Particles

Polymer nanodielectrics render a great material platform for exhibiting the intrinsic nature of incorporated particles, particularly semiconducting types, and their interfaces with the polymer matrix. Incorporating the oxide fillers with higher loading percentages (>40 vol%) encounters particular challenges in terms of dispersion, homogeneous distribution, and porosity from the process. This work investigated the dielectric loss and electrical conduction behaviors of composites containing semiconducting ZnO varistor particles of various concentrations using the epoxy impregnation method. The ZnO varistor particles increased the dielectric permittivity, loss, and electrical conductivity of the epoxy composites into three different regimes (0–50 vol%, 50–70 vol%, 70–100 vol%), particularly under an electric bias field or at higher temperatures. For lower loading fractions below 50 vol%, the dielectric responses are dominated by the insulating epoxy matrix. When loading fractions are between 50 and 70 vol%, the dielectric and electric responses are mostly associated with the semiconducting interfaces of ZnO varistor particles and ZnO–epoxy. At above 70 vol%, the apparent increase in the dielectric loss and conductivity is primarily associated with the conducting ZnO core forming the interconnected channels of electric conduction. The foam-agent-assisted ZnO varistor particle framework appears to be a better way of fabricating composites of filler loading above 80 vol%. A physical model using an equivalent capacitor, diode, and resistor in the epoxy composites was proposed to explain the different property behaviors.     

一种用于“北斗”卫星导航系统的小型化微带贴片天线

基于“北斗”天线小型化的考虑，利用高介陶瓷基板（εr=16）来设计“北斗”卫星导航系统微带贴片天线，该天线采用切角结构，同轴线馈电方式，工作在“北斗”一代的S频段（2 492 ± 5 MHz,右旋圆极化）。采用Ansoft公司三维电磁仿真软件HFSS进行仿真分析，数值仿真结果表明： S11<-10 dB的阻抗带宽为62 MHz，3 dB极化轴比带宽为15 MHz；采用矢量网络分析仪对天线实物进行性能测定，实测结果表明，S11<-10 dB的阻抗带宽为66 MHz，3 dB圆极化轴比带宽为12 MHz，仿真结果与测试结果基本吻合，天线性能良好，满足“北斗”接收天线设计要求。该天线在满足北斗接收天线的性能的同时，由于采用高介陶瓷作为基板，使得其与传统天线相比，尺寸缩减了75%，具有一定的应用前景。     

采用谐振腔微扰法的NiZn铁氧体介电常数测量

谐振腔微扰法广泛用于材料微波介电性能的测量,它与常规的测量方法相比,具有样品尺寸小、计算公式简单的优点,在近似计算频率、谐振腔品质因数、材料的介电常数等方面具有较高的应用价值.采用谐振腔微扰法,测量不同配方NiZn铁氧体在微波频段的复介电常数,计算得到介电常数的虚部ε″和实部ε',进而分析Ni和Zn的含量对NiZn铁氧体材料介电常数的影响.     

Y2O3掺杂对WO3压敏非线性及介电性能的影响

在Y2O3掺杂量(摩尔分数)为0.2%～2%的范围内研究了Y2O3掺杂对WO3的非线性伏安特性及介电性能的影响.实验结果表明:随Y2O3掺杂量的增加,样品的非线性系数先增大后减小,在Y2O3掺杂量为0.8%附近达到最大值(3.61);样品的介电常数(在1kHz频率下测量)也是先增大后减小,其最大值(1.16×104)出现在Y2O3摩尔分数为1.2%附近的样品中.测量了各样品的阻抗频率依赖关系,并由此估算了不同Y2O3含量样品的晶粒电阻,利用德拜弛豫关系式解释了Y2O3掺杂引起WO3介电常数与晶粒电阻变化的关系.Y2O3掺杂的WO3陶瓷是一种新型的压敏电容材料.     

纳米结构电学性质的静电力显微镜研究方法

纳米尺度的材料具有许多不同于宏观体材料的奇特的物理和化学特性.了解纳米结构的物性随材料尺寸及形状的变化关系,对于设计和合成具有特定功能的纳米材料有重要的指导意义.静电力显微镜技术为研究微纳米尺度下材料的电学特性提供了强有力的工具.文章介绍了这种测量技术的基本原理,并列举了几种在静电力显微镜基础上发展起来的纳米材料电学性质的表征方法,包括探针特征电容的标定、表面电荷密度测量、薄膜材料中载流子密度测定等.这些实验方法扩展了静电力显微镜的应用领域,为深入研究纳米材料的性质和纳米器件的功能结构提供了丰富的技术手段.     

On the structure of the microscopic dielectric tensor in incommensurate crystals

A microscopic model for calculating the optical response of incommensurately modulated phases in insulating crystals is presented. The dominant contribution to the dielectric permittivity tensor is shown to originate from the lowest-index reciprocal lattice vectors, thus proving the validity of the mesoscopic approach developed in several earlier studies. The expression for the mesoscopic Fourier component of the dielectric tensor is obtained. These results may be useful in relation to the controversial problem of the optical activity observed in the incommensurate phases of some A₂BX₄ family crystals.     

Induced twisted-grain-boundary phases in the binary mixtures of a cholesteric and a nematic compound

Thermodynamical, optical-texture and dielectric studies have been performed to study the phase diagram of the binary system of 5-cholesten-3β-ol-octanoate and 4-n-nonyloxybenzoic acid. It is observed that low concentrations of 5-cholesten-3β-ol-octanoate (2–30?mol?%) in 4-n-nonyloxybenzoic acid induce a mean-field phase diagram derived by Renn within the framework of the chiral Chen–Lubenski model. Various optical textures of the twisted-grain-boundary (TGB) phases under different conditions of molecular anchoring have been observed. Weak transitions related to the TGB phases have been detected by temperature dependent dielectric spectroscopy.