凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱质谱法测定：花生中6种除草剂农药残留

建立了凝胶渗透色谱一气相色谱质谱（GPC～GC=MS）法测定花生中6种除草剂（氟乐灵、异恶草酮、甲草胺、二甲戊乐灵、乙氧氟草醚、喹禾灵）农药残留的方法。样品经乙腈提取,氨基固相萃取柱和凝胶渗透色谱净化,在选择离子扫描（SIM）模式下进行气相色谱质谱法测定,外标法定量。6种除草剂浓度在0．02-1．00mg／L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性,线性相关系数为O．9949～0．9998,添加回收率为77．8％-101．6％,测定结果的相对标准偏差为4．4％～11．4％（月=5）,方法的检出限为0．1～1．3μg／kg。     

Multivariate quality control solved by one‐class partial least squares regression: identification of adulterated peanut oils by mid‐infrared spectroscopy

The Partial least squares class model (PLSCM) was recently proposed for multivariate quality control based on a partial least squares (PLS) regression procedure. This paper presents a case study of quality control of peanut oils based on mid‐infrared (MIR) spectroscopy and class models, focusing mainly on the following aspects: (i) to explain the meanings of PLSCM components and make comparisons between PLSCM and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA); (ii) to correct the estimation of the original PLSCM confidence interval by considering a nonzero intercept term for center estimation; (iii) to investigate the potential of MIR spectroscopy combined with class models for identifying peanut oils with low doping concentrations of other edible oils. It is demonstrated that PLSCM is actually different from the ordinary PLS procedure, but it estimates the class center and class dispersion in the framework of a latent variable projection model. While SIMCA projects the original variables onto a few dimensions explaining most of the data variances, PLSCM components consider simultaneously the explained variances and the compactness of samples belonging to the same class. The analysis results indicate PLSCM is an intuitive and easy‐to‐use tool to tackle one‐class problems and has comparable performance with SIMCA. The advantages of PLSCM might be attributed to the great success and well‐established foundations of PLS. For PLSCM, the optimization of model complexity and estimation of decision region can be performed as in multivariate calibration routines. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Study of Protein and Glycoprotein Syntheses in Pre-implantation Mouse Embryos Using Mini-2D-Electrophoresis, Video Densitometer Scanning and Computer-Image Analysis

In the present study, proteins and glycoproteins of mouse embryos at 2-cell,morula and blastocyst stages were analyzed.The techniques of ~(35)S-Met incorporation,ConA antiserum-precipitating ConA-binding proteins, mini-2D-electrophoresis, fluorography,video densitometer scanning and the computer-lmage system were used for analyses.Results of the investigations indicated that proteins and glycoproteins were synthesized by the embryos in a gradual increase manner from 2-cell to blastocyst. A relatively large amount of glycoproteins was synthesized during the morula and blastocyst stages.Two specific small glycoproteins respectively with molecular weights about 6500 and 9000 and PIs at 5.0 and 6.5 were apparently synthesized in the blastocyst but not in the 2-cell or the morula.     

食用植物油鉴别方法的研究Ⅰ．花生油和棕榈油的鉴别

A mixture of petroleum ether-ethyl ether(2∶1,V/V)was used as a developer for the separation ofsterol compounds from edible vegetab le oil on a s illca-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose thin-layer chro-matographic plate. For a given oil there are specific sterols,which can be used as a marker for the oil identifi-cation. The method presented can be effectively used for the discrimination of peanut oil from palm oil.     

农作物废弃物液化的实验研究

在250 mL的高压反应釜中对五种不同种类的农作物废弃物进行了液化研究。以花生壳作探索实验,重点考察了温度、时间、催化剂用量等因素对液化行为的影响,并给出了五种农作物的液化结果。研究结果表明,给料比为10 g原料/100 mL水时,在300℃～340 ℃、10 min、K2CO3添加量为1/30（催化剂/原料）的条件下,五种农作物废弃物液化获得的重油产率为21%～28%。对产物的高热值进行分析表明,农作物废弃物液化重油具有较高的热值,液化促进了能量分化,是农作物废弃物转化为生物燃料的有效手段。     

调配花生酸乳的最佳工艺条件

研究调配花生酸乳的制作方法。通过实验比较，选出了较好的乳化剂，并采用正交实验、感官评定和微生物学破坏实验选出了最佳工艺条件。     

富硒微肥对花生产量及花生仁硒含量的影响

采用田间试验和仪器分析方法,研究了有机硒微量元素配制肥料对北海市合浦县花生产量和硒含量的影响.结果表明,花生在始花期和盛花期,通过叶面喷施富硒微肥,均能显著提高花生仁的硒含量,硒含量随着喷施次数的增加而增加,硒质量分数为1.031μg/g,比常规对照硒含量提高了1 021%,同时增产6%.喷施富硒微肥能使花生仁中硒含量达到富硒标准.     

大孔吸附树脂对花生壳总黄酮的纯化研究

目的:研究大孔吸附树脂富集纯化花生壳总黄酮.方法:以木犀草素作为考察指标,考察静态吸附量和洗脱率,筛选出最适型号树脂,比较纯化前后总黄酮和木犀草素含量的变化.结果:D101型树脂为花生壳提取液最佳精制纯化树脂,树脂纯化后总黄酮和木犀草素的含量提高4～5倍.结论:大孔吸附树脂可以用于精制纯化花生壳提取物,提高总黄酮含量.     

DDVP—盖膜和几种杀线虫剂防治花生根结线虫(Meloidogyne arenaria)病研究

DDVP-盖膜防治花生根结线虫病效果显著,为80％DDVP乳油每亩用量150～300g均有效,防治效果为100％,并能增产20～30％左右,对增加花生根瘤数效果也很明显,和对照相比增加14.36％～57.3％,其他杀线虫剂防治也有效,但增产效果不显著。     

花生夏直播品种筛选研究

为了解决聊城市夏花生产量水平低的问题,筛选出适于聊城市夏直播的花生品种及其配套栽培技术,自2008年起我们开始了该项研究.试验选用了4个适于一般麦田套种当前推广的新品种,3年中都在4种不同条件下种植.综合各品种不同条件下的结果表明:不同品种间或同一品种不同年度间,单株果数、果重和单株产量都有一定的差异,有的差异达到显著或极显著水平,但其差异绝对值并不大,因此研究结论是:目前适于一般麦田套种的花生优良品种均可用于麦后直播,在4个参试品种中以金花808表现最优(果数较多、果重较大),鲁资864次之,花育22号第三,丰花1号总体表现较差.