高能重离子碰撞中氦碎片分布的KNO标度无关性研究

本文从簇射粒子分布的 KNO 标度无关性出发,导出了高能重离子碰撞中α粒子分布的 KNO 标度无关性公式.由公式计算的α粒子分布与实验结果相一致.     

Equilibrium of the reaction between dissolved sodium sulfide and biologically produced sulfur

The equilibrium of the heterogeneous reaction between dissolved sodium sulfide and biologically produced sulfur particles has been studied. Biologically produced sulfur was obtained from a bioreactor of a hydrogen sulfide removal process in which the dominating organism is Thiobacillus sp. W5. Detailed knowledge of this reaction is essential to understand its effect on the process. The results were compared with the equilibrium of the reaction of sulfide with ‘inorganic’ elemental sulfur. The equilibrium between dissolved sodium sulfide and biologically produced sulfur particles can be described by an equilibrium constant, K_x, which consists of a weighted sum of constants for polysulfide ions of different chain length, rather than a true single equilibrium constant. For biologically produced sulfur pK_x = 9.10 ± 0.08 (21 °C) and 9.17 ± 0.09 (35 °C) with an average polysulfide chain length x = 4.91 ± 0.32 (21 °C) and 4.59 ± 0.31 (35 °C). The pK_x value for biologically produced sulfur is significantly higher than for reaction of dissolved sodium sulfide with inorganic sulfur (pK_x = 8.82; 21 °C). This difference is probably caused by the negatively charged polymeric organic layer, which is present on biologically produced sulfur but absent with “inorganic” sulfur. Specific binding of polysulfide ions to the organic layer results in a higher polysulfide concentration at the reaction site compared to the bulk concentration. This results in an apparent decrease of the measured equilibrium constant, K_x.     

微波合成PMMA胶乳粒子

在常压微波辐照下合成聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＰＭＭＡ）单分散的胶体微粒。体系中未加表面活性剂和稳定剂,在透射电镜下观察粒子的形状和直径大小,并得出在引发剂浓度一定的条件下,微粒的体积与单体的浓度呈现线性关系,为我们合成一定大小的超细微粒提供了选择的条件。功力学实验表明,微波场下反应速度大大加快,反应是突变的,无恒速阶段。     

机动巨标跟踪的自适应混合多模算法

本文介绍了用于机动目标跟踪的自适应混合多模算法.这个算法不需要预先定义模型,它利用一个二级卡尔曼滤波器来估计目标的加速度,这个加速度被用于混合多模算法中具有不同确定性加速度的子滤波器中.文中给出了自适应混合多模算法的一个计算机模拟结果并和无自适应混合多模算法的结果进行了比较.     

关于傅科摆相对运动轨迹的讨论

根据傅科摆确定的起始条件,正确导出其轨迹方程,并用计算机画出其相对运动轨迹曲线。同时推证得摆锤在最大幅角位置时,其相对速度为零这一重要特征。     

Interactions of Pb(II) with particles of a polluted river

Pb(II) interactions with the surface of suspended matter from a polluted river was studied using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) technique. Three sampling sites were selected and studies have been done with samples collected in different times of the year (winter, autumn and summer). The values have been compared with those obtained in spring in the same conditions [Sci. Total Environ. 151 (1994) 101].Particles were separated by centrifugation and suspensions of the freeze-dried particles were titrated with Pb(II), being measured the labile metal fraction by DPASV. For comparison, suspensions of river water without any separation have also been titrated.Results show that surface metal complexes are inert, within the time scale of the analytical technique and desorbed organics from surfaces, form labile Pb(II) complexes in solution. For each sample it was determined the capacity for Pb complexation of particles and desorbed organics and the differential function has been estimated. Despite the heterogeneity of ligands, the systems interpreted in a discontinuous way, present one or two kinds of dominant ligands with Pb affinity.     

纵轴式悬臂掘进机断面成形控制基础研究

以EBJ-132A型纵轴式悬臂掘进机为例,在分析其截割部主要构造和工作特点的基础之上,建立了悬臂式掘进机在截割作业时,其主要工作机构参数与巷道断面尺寸之间的数学模型,并针对实际生产中几种常见的巷道断面形状,分别编制了相应的工作机构参数计算程序,同时在计算机上显示出了和实际情况相符合的截割头截割作业包络线图,验证了数学模型的正确性。     

Planck粒子、磁单极子和亚夸克超对称伴子的相互关联

 用亚规范理论和焦-官亚夸克模型、Nambu模型,唯象地算出亚夸克的质量,发现亚夸克的超对称伴子质量与宇宙大爆炸后磁单极子的质量相等,经强作用修正后,所得结果与Plarck粒子质量仅差一个量级,现时粒子的超对称伴子大质量标度将从m_T≈175 GeV一举延伸到m_pl≈1.22×10¹⁹GeV广大空白区,深化了对宇宙早期物理规律的认识.     

铁路轨道几何状态评价方法比较

为了及时掌握列车反复荷载作用下的轨道几何形位状态，各国铁路管理部门都采用了现代轨检车和计算机处理技术来监测其变化情况，并制定了相应的评价标准．在此，通过对实测数据的分析，比较不同评价方法和标准的异同点，并对我国铁路轨道几何形位的养护和评价方法提出了参考性意见．     

超重力场中微细晶须碳酸钙结晶过程及产品稳定性研究

在旋转填充床转子高速旋转产生的超重力场中，以MgCl12或H3PO4为晶形控制剂合成微细晶须碳酸钙，通过反应过程中pH值的变化以及针状晶种存在与否两种情形下晶体形貌的演变对结晶过程进行了研究，同时对产品粒子的稳定性进行了初步探讨．结果表明，无晶种存在时，微细晶须碳酸钙晶形的形成需要经历不规则外形-类纺锤形-晶须状-微细晶须状4个阶段；有晶种存在时，产品粒子倾向于在其表面或周围成核，最终所有粒子短轴与长径比趋向均匀；微细晶须碳酸钙粒子在陈化及干燥情形下表现出良好的稳定性．