宁波市道路货物运输价格指数研究

为提升宁波市道路货物运输市场供需双方交易效率,防范恶性价格竞争,改善行业监管,设计了宁波市道路货物运输价格指数体系及相应的基础数据采集方法和运价指数计算方法。实际数据测试结果表明,所设计的层次化运价指数体系不但能够充分体现宁波市道路货物运输市场特点,而且有助于为不同用户从不同角度提供个性化的信息服务;所设计的基础数据采集方法和指数计算方法能够保证宁波市道路货物运输价格指数的科学性、可靠性和实用性。     

Solving a real-world vehicle routing problem with multiple use of tractors and trailers and EU-regulations for drivers arising in air cargo road feeder services

In this paper we present two approaches for solving a real-world vehicle routing problem arising in the air cargo road feeder service business. The problem is to combine transportation tasks from a given timetable to trips which have to be assigned to tractors and which can be operated by tractor drivers respecting the restrictive rules on driving times from EC Regulation No. 561/2006. Tractor trips which start and end at the hub can be combined to multiple-trips which are operated by the same tractor. Also, to each trip a trailer has to be assigned which is compatible with all tasks in the trip. The primary objective is to minimize the number of required tractors, i.e. the number of multiple-trips. The methods developed are currently applied in practice.     

灰色支持向量机在机场吞吐量预测中的应用

在分析传统预测方法不足的基础上,利用灰色支持向量机组合分析模型,以实际值与灰色模型预测值的比值序列作为支持向量机模型的输入,选取径向基函数为核函数,并通过交叉验证法选取最优参数,利用支持向量机模型分析预测比值序列,最后通过灰色模型还原为货邮吞吐量的预测值.以上海机场货邮吞吐量为例,对灰色支持向量机模型进行了实证分析,并与灰色模型、支持向量机模型进行了对比.     

行为艺术在中国遭受拒斥原因之分析

行为艺术作为一种独特的艺术形式，本该在艺术史上处于重要地位，然而当它登陆中国之后，却遭到了高雅艺术审美和通俗大众审美的双重拒斥。这一现象，与其“表现的失当”和“过度的解构”有着密切关系，本文将对此进行细致分析。     

The capacitated p-hub median problem with integral constraints: An application to a Chinese air cargo network

Consolidation at hubs in a pure hub-and-spoke network eliminates partial center-to-center direct loads, resulting in savings in transportation costs. In this research, we propose a general capacitated p-hub median model, with economies of scale and integral constraints on the paths. This model requires the selection of a specific p among a set of candidate hubs so that the total cost on the resulting pure capacitated hub-and-spoke network is minimized while simultaneously meeting origin–destination demands, operational capacity and singular path constraints. We explored the problem structure and developed a genetic algorithm using the path for encoding. This algorithm is capable of determining local optimality within less than 0.1% of the Lagrangian relaxation lower bounds on our Chinese air cargo network testing case and has reasonable computational times. The study showed that designating airports with high pickups or deliveries as hubs resulted in a high percentage of origin–destination pairs (ODs) in direct deliveries. Furthermore, the more hubs there are, the higher the direct share and the less likely for double rehandles. Sensitivity analysis on the discount rate showed that the economies of scale on trunk lines of hub-and-spoke networks may have a substantial impact on both the operating costs and the route patterns.     

国际货物运输中电子提单的应用研究

电子及数据交换系统在国际货物运输方面的应用促成了电子提单的产生。电子提单的应用弥补了传统单证流转缓慢的缺陷,但在运作中仍存在一些法律问题、贸易环境、交易安全性及网络责任问题。但我们应认识到这些并不能改变电子提单必将取代传统提单的趋势。     

基于装载能力约束的集货车辆路径问题研究

针对物流货运过程中,集货车辆在规定时间内从各配货站集货后回到中心货站进行分类运输问题建立了多目标组合优化模型,并设计了相应的算法。通过实证模拟的方式检验了所提出了基于装载能力约束的集货车辆路径优化方案,为物流中心集货车辆的优化调度提供理论指导和实际借鉴作用。     

考虑货物冲突关系的二维装箱问题研究

货物冲突及其处理方式直接影响货箱消耗量和货物装载成效, 通过构建冲突矩阵和“冲突货物不能放置同一货箱内”处理方式, 同时考虑负载安全因素, 建立了考虑货物冲突关系的二维装箱优化模型. 设计了改进的模拟退火算法, 其运用贪心算法对货物冲突预处理, 确保初始装箱序列为可行解; 提出了兼顾当前温度和适应度影响的动态随机扰动率 方程, 增强了邻域解的搜索能力, 改善了算法整体性能. 算例分析表明模型和算法有效. 120种货物冲突稀疏度[0.1,0.9]情景下, 货箱面积利用率均值为[0.342,0.732], 降低了装载单元使用数量, 提高了资源利用率. 不同样本量情景下, 改进算法的求解质量和运行效率表现良好.     

鹿特丹规则下货物控制权的性质辨析

随着海上运输的状况有所变化,在许多贸易中,可转让运输单证的使用在迅速减少。货物控制权的设定在当今海上货物运输制度中的重要性凸显了出来。鹿特丹规则对控制权作了较为系统的规定,为一定范围内控制权制度的整合提供了一个良好的范本。文章在探讨这一新的法律概念的性质的基础上,对货物控制权相关制度进行了界定,以期对我国海运制度有所裨益。