犬卵巢性索间质细胞瘤病理学观察

目的 对三类犬卵巢性索间质细胞瘤进行病理学诊断和分析,探讨犬卵巢性索间质细胞瘤的病理学特点,为诊断犬卵巢性索间质细胞瘤提供资料。方法 中国农业大学国家动物海绵状脑病实验室收集来自动物医院临床犬卵巢性索间质细胞瘤病例,制成切片,H.E.染色。结果 观察比较粒层细胞瘤、卵泡膜细胞瘤和黄体瘤的组织病理学特征,总结犬卵巢性索间质细胞瘤的临床特征,为今后该类肿瘤的诊断与鉴别诊断提供有效资料。结论粒层细胞瘤、卵泡膜细胞瘤和黄体瘤为常见的卵巢性索间质细胞瘤,常见于老年犬。由于肿瘤细胞发育程度不同,呈现出不同的组织病理学特征。     

Comparative pharmacokinetics and metabolites study of seven major bioactive components of Shaoyao‐Gancao decoction in normal and polycystic ovary syndrome rats by ultra high pressure liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for simultaneous quantification of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, liquiritin, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhetinic acid, and glycyrrhizin in rat plasma after oral administration of Shaoyao‐Gancao decoction, which is traditionally used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. The plasma samples were pretreated with methanol as precipitant. The method exhibited good linearity (correlation coefficient (R²) > 0.99) with lower quantification limits of 0.595–4.69 ng/mL for all analytes. Intra‐ and interbatch precision, accuracy, recovery, and stability of the method were all within accepted criteria. The results showed that the pharmacokinetic behaviors of the seven compounds were altered in the pathological status of polycystic ovary syndrome. Furthermore, a total of 36 metabolites were structurally identified based on their accurate masses and fragment ions. The major metabolic pathway involves phase I metabolic reactions (such as hydroxylation), phase II metabolic reactions (such as sulfation and glucuronidation conjugation) as well as the combined multiple‐step metabolism. This study is the first report on the pharmacokinetic and metabolic information of Shaoyao‐Gancao decoction in both normal and model rats, which would provide scientific evidences for the bioactive chemical basis of herbal medicines and also promote the clinical application of Shaoyao‐Gancao decoction for treating polycystic ovary syndrome.     

绵羊小腔卵泡卵母细胞的分离及相关实验

用绵羊小腔卵泡及小腔卵泡卵母细胞进行了一系列实验,获得小腔卵泡及小腔卵泡卵母细胞生发泡的有效分离方法.结果显示,常规的卵母细胞脱水收缩方法、离心方法、其它卵母细胞的电融合方法均不适用于小腔卵泡卵母细胞.     

中华绒鳌蟹卵巢发育相关的新基因EJO3的克隆和特征分析

运用了抑制性差减杂交和cDNA芯片技术鉴定中华绒鳌蟹卵巢发育相关基因,并用5'和3'RACE的方法克隆了一个与Ⅱ期相比在卵巢发育的Ⅲ期高表达的新基因EJO3(GenBank登录号:AY185919).EJO3基因的开放阅读框(ORF)长1 368 bp,编码455个氨基酸.从氨基酸序列推算的EJO3的等电点和相对分子质量分别为5.79和50 000.生物信息学分析表明,EJO3可能是一个含有VWD结构域的分泌蛋白.EJO3在Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期卵巢的差异表达用Northern blot进行了进一步验证.组织表达谱分析表明EJO3在卵巢高表达,在肠、心脏、肌肉和肝胰腺中弱表达或不表达.本研究结果为进一步深入研究中华绒鳌蟹卵巢发育的分子机制奠定了重要的前期工作基础.     

多重PCR技术分析日本对虾Marsupenaeus japonicus精巢和卵巢差异表达基因

通过多重PCR方法,对采用SSH(抑制消减杂交)技术制备日本对虾卵巢特异探针并筛选卵巢cDNA全长文库所获得的8个阳性克隆进行分析,研究这些新克隆的基因在精巢和卵巢的差异表达情况。这8个基因可分为二类,一类为卵巢特异表达的基因,一类为卵巢的表达量高于精巢的差异表达基因。     

青春期多囊卵巢综合征肥胖与高雄激素临床表现的研究

目的比较青春期多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者与青春期健康对照人群、以及青春期PCOS患者中胰岛素抵抗（IR）与非IR的临床表现,以认识青春期PCOS的临床特征,为该疾病的早期诊断和治疗提供循证医学依据。方法青春期PCOS患者88例,健康对照组87例,并根据胰岛素抵抗稳态模型指数（HOMA-IR）将青春期PCOS患者分为IR组（40例）和非IR组（48例）。记录身高、体重、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、月经、多毛、痤疮等情况,并加以对照研究。结果青春期PCOS组月经均不规则,多毛、痤疮及肥胖发生率高,程度重。青春期PCOS IR组多毛、痤疮、高雄激素表现及肥胖发生率显著高于非IR组,肥胖PCOS患者IR发生率显著高于非肥胖PCOS。结论青春期PCOS患者肥胖发生率更高,肥胖放大了PCOS IR的程度和效应,控制体重为首选也是最基本的治疗方案。早期认识青春期PCOS的临床特征,有助于早期预测和诊断青春期PCOS及IR,并预防2型糖尿病、心血管疾病等远期并发症的发生。     

生长分化因子-9在大鼠卵巢中的表达

目的：探讨生长分化因子-9(GDF-9)在大鼠卵巢中的表达部位。方法：选择不同发育时期的大鼠卵巢,采用免疫组化和Western blot技术检测大鼠卵泡各发育阶段GDF-9蛋白表达情况及分布规律。结果：免疫组化方法显示,出生0～2d卵巢中未见GDF-9表达,出生3d卵巢中见部分原始卵泡卵母细胞GDF-9表达阳性,以后从初级卵泡到发育成熟的卵泡卵母细胞均明显可见GDF-9蛋白表达。Western blot技术进一步提示,出生0-2d卵巢中无GDF-9蛋白形成,第3d开始有GDF-9蛋白产生,以后在卵巢发育的各时期均有GDF-9蛋白分泌。结论：GDF-9在卵巢发育的早期即开始产生,以后在各阶段卵巢中持续表达,提示卵母细胞通过产生GDF-9等因子对卵泡的发育进行调节。     

美洲虎鲷鱼(♀)和彩鲷鱼(♂)杂交子一代卵巢发育的组织学观察

以美洲虎鲷鱼(Herosmanaguense)作为母本,彩鲷鱼(Cichiasoma trimaculatum)为父本,采用人工授精的方法,获得杂交子一代,这在国内外尚属首次.采用石蜡组织切片和HE染色法,对美洲虎鲷鱼和彩鲷鱼杂交子一代的卵巢发育进行了组织学研究,结果表明:美洲虎鲷鱼(♀)和彩鲷鱼(♂)杂交子一代的卵巢发育程序可以分为6个时期.在1～3月龄,卵巢处于第期;4～5月龄时,卵巢发育到第期;6～8月龄时发育到第期;9～11月龄时发育到第期;12月龄时达到性成熟第期,卵核位置发生偏移;没有及时繁殖的子一代过冬时卵巢退化,进入第时期,卵巢组织也回复到第期的组织学结构.研究表明该杂交鱼是可育的,为多批产卵类型,在1个生殖周期内,产卵2次.     

川金丝猴卵巢的组织学研究

对２只川金丝猴的卵巢作了组织学观察，测量分析了卵泡和卵母细胞的生长发育过程及它们之间的相互关系：川金丝猴卵泡及卵母细胞具哺乳动物双相生长的共同特点，在生长过程中仅有少数优势卵泡被确定下来，其余卵泡均在不同时期成为闭锁卵泡；透明带出现在单层卵泡细胞呈矮柱状期，随卵泡及卵母细胞的增长，透明带缓慢增厚。     

Potential Role of Quercetin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Complications: A Review

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common multisystem disease with reproductive, metabolic and psychological abnormalities. It is characterized by a high prevalence rate in women of childbearing age and highly heterogeneous clinical manifestations, which seriously harm women’s physical and mental health. Quercetin (QUR) is a natural compound of flavonoids found in a variety of foods and medicinal plants. It can intervene with the pathologic process of PCOS from multiple targets and channels and has few adverse reactions. It is mentioned in this review that QUR can improve ovulation disorder, relieve Insulin resistance (IR), reduce androgen, regulate lipid metabolism, regulate gut microbiota and improve vascular endothelial function, which is of great significance in the treatment of PCOS.