A Modified Szilard Engine: Measurement, Information, and Maxwell's Demon

Using an isolated measurement process, we calculate the effect measurement has on entropy for the multi-cylinder Szilard engine. We find that the system of cylinders possesses an entropy associated with cylinder total energy states, and that it records information transferred at measurement. Contrary to other's results, we find that the apparatus loses entropy due to measurement. The Second Law of Thermodynamics may be preserved if Maxwell's demon gains entropy moving the engine partition.     

Metric fluctuations,entropy, and the Wheeler-deWitt equation

Quantization using quantum potentials is described in terms of momentum fluctuations, and it is related to Fisher information and entropy. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 152, No. 1, pp. 32–44, July, 2007.     

On the role of heterogeneous and imperfect information in a laboratory financial market

In this paper, we analyze the behavior of a group of heterogeneously informed investors in an laboratory asset market. Our experimental setting is inspired by Huber et al. (On the benefit of information in markets with heterogeneously informed traders: an experimental study, 2004). However, instead of their system of cumulative and exogenously given information structure, we introduce an information market where the traders can buy an imperfect prediction of the future value of the dividend with a maximum anticipation of four periods. The accuracy of the prediction decreases with the chosen time horizon, whereas its price remains constant. Our results confirm a non-strictly monotonic increasing value of the information.     

Optimal reconstruction of the solution of the wave equation from inaccurate initial data

In the present paper, we consider the problem of the optimal reconstruction of the solution of the wave equation from the approximate values of the Fourier coefficients of the function specifying the initial form of the string. For an operator defined on the weight space of vectors from l ₂, we present the solution of the more general problem of reconstruction from the approximate values of the coordinates of these vectors.     

信息技术与学科教学的整合需要研究型教师

信息技术与学科的有效整合需要教师具备整合的基本能力，并成为研究型教师。指出教师要不断更新信息技术知识和技能，利用现代教学设施，依据教学实践开展研究，从而探索出有效的整合模式。     

我国征信业面临的困境与对策

尽快在我国建立起完善的社会信用体系是整顿和规范市场经济秩序的一项治“本”之策，作为社会信用体系主体的征信业能否健康发展直接决定着我国信用体系建设工程的成败。分析了我国征信业发展中面临的诸多问题，提出了加快征信业发展的对策和建议。     

基于SVM局部后验概率融合方法研究

研究了基于支持向量机的后验概率的应用,提出了对样本集进行分解,以产生局部后验概率,根据模式的稳健性对局部后验概率进行凸组合融合的方法.     

信息技术与地理课程整合的模式研究

随着科学技术的发展,加强现代信息技术的教学应用已成为各国教学改革的重要方向.为此应大力推进信息技术在地理教学过程中的应用,促进信息技术与地理学科课程的整合,逐步实现教学内容的呈现方式、学生的学习方式、教师的教学方式和师生互动方式的变革,充分发挥信息技术的优势,为学生的学习和发展提供丰富多彩的教育环境和有力的学习工具.     

市场竞争与国有企业所有权安排

改进了张维迎对地区间竞争与国有企业民营化的分析,给出了经营者的剩余索取份额对竞争性的连续依赖关系:国有企业若要降低成本,就必须参与市场竞争,随着市场竞争的加强,国有企业经营者的剩余索取份额应该逐渐增大,而当市场竞争水平超过某一阈值,国有企业经营者拥有全部剩余索取权是最优的.     

基于内生信息的股票发售机制比较研究

本文在内生信息成本的基础上，通过引入投资银行的信息成本函数，考察了国际上主要股票发售机制的内在机理，并用一个统一的框架比较了各种发售机制的差异及演进趋势。本研究表明，在投资银行和投资者信息成本相同的情况下，由于固定价格发售机制须用额外的折价去解决投资者之间的信息问题，因而相对于累计投标询价制是一种处于劣势的机制选择。同时指出，具有信息成本优势的机构投资者的出现和发展，是固定价格发行向询价发行过渡的一个必要条件。