基于计算机视觉的汽车流量检测统计

利用计算机视觉和图像处理的方法对交通路口通行车辆进行流量统计.首先,由摄像机视场的标定原理和标定公式,得到了摄像机成像平面内的像素距离与实际三维空间距离的对应关系;然后,采用基于光流场的车辆检测方法,对所有经过设置的虚拟线圈的车辆进行实时检测和信息提取;最后,对提取的车辆信息进行统计和计算,得到实时路况信息.实验结果表明,该算法具有较高的检测概率,能够满足系统的精度和实时处理要求.     

微分干涉相衬层析显微镜的相干传递函数

通过系统在低相干光源照明情况下对生物组织成像机理的分析,探讨了系统具有很强纵深分辨能力的原因,在此基础上,利用信息光学的理论和方法研究了图像的形成和传递过程,推导了系统的相干传递函数．结果表明系统的横向成像具有低通特性,纵向成像具有带通特性．本研究工作为全视场层析探测提供了理论依据．     

光接收机调谐前端的分析

为了设计高性能的谐振式光接收机,应用场效应管模型和多种调谐网络的拓扑形式,提出了一个统一的光接收机调谐前端分析方法。推导出了对多种调谐网络通用的计算公式,用以计算谐振频率、传输函数和等效输入噪声电流密度,便于应用计算机优化光接收机的电路拓扑形式。使用该方法,编制计算机辅助程序模拟了各种不同型式的电感谐振式光接收机的特性,对于光接收机前端设计具有指导作用。     

基于光纤传感技术的桥梁承载力快速评定法

为了满足战时部队车辆装备通过民用桥梁时进行安全性快速评定的要求,在分析已有的旧桥承载力评定方法优缺点的基础上,提出了一种基于光纤传感技术的快速评定法。根据战时特点给出了进行承载力实时评估的基本标准,叙述了其实施流程和基本原理,并进行了室内模型试验,验证了该方法的可行性。结果表明,该方法符合平战结合的要求,战时便于实施,能较准确地评定既有桥梁的承载力。     

Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymer networks with nonlinear optical properties

We report the synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) exhibiting nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. The network consists of aliphatic polycarbonate urethane (PCU) and poly(methyl methacrylate-co-N,N-disubstituted urea), with a nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore incorporated into N,N-disubstituted urea. The full IPNs have only one T_g, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), together with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, suggest a single phase morphology. The thin films of IPNs are transparent and the unpoled samples produced second harmonic generation (SHG) signals at room temperature. This result indicates that the NLO chromophore is oriented noncentrosymmetrically during the IPN formation process and is tightly held between the permanent entanglements of the two component networks of the IPN. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Third-order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Octa-substituted Metal-free Phthalocyanine Thin Films

Third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility, χ⁽³⁾ of symmetrically octa-substituted metal-free phthalocyanine thin films measured by the third-harmonic generation technique are reported. The metal-free phthalocyanine has been found to show a χ⁽³⁾ (−3ω; ω,ω, ω) value as large as 7.73×10⁻¹² esu at 1.80 μm. The figure of merit, χ⁽³⁾/α, was estimated to be 4.17×10¹⁷ esu cm at 1.05 μm and 6.97×10¹⁶ esu cm at 1.65 μm. Both linear and third-order optical properties of liquid-crystalline metal-free phthalocyanines are discussed     

Design and synthesis of interpenetrating polymer networks for second-order nonlinear optics

There has been a tremendous recent interest in the development of second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) polymeric materials for photonic applications. However, a major drawback of second-order NLO polymers that prevents them from being used in device applications is the instability of their electric field induced dipolar alignment. The randomization of the dipole orientation leads to the decay of second-order optical nonlinearities. Numerous efforts have been made to increase the stability of the second-order NLO properties of polymers. The search for new approaches to develop NLO polymers with optimal properties has been an active research area since the past decade. A novel approach, combining the hybrid properties of high glass transition temperatures, extensively extensively crosslinked networks and permanent entanglements, based on interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) is introduced to develop stable second-order NLO materials. Two types of IPN systems are prepared and their properties are investigated. The designing criteria and the rationale for the selection of polymers are discussed. The IPN samples show excellent temporal stability at elevated temperatures. Long-term stability of the optical nonlinearity at 100°C has been observed in these materials. Temporal stability of the NLO properties of these IPNs is synergistically enhanced. Relaxation behavior of the optical nonlinearity of an IPN system has been studied and compared with that of a typical guest/host system. The improved temporal stability of the second-order NLO properties of this IPN system is a result of the combination of the high rigidity of the polymer backbones, crosslinked matrices and permanent entanglements of the polymer networks. A slight modification of the chemical structure resulted in an improvement of the optical quality of the sample.     

Side-chain liquid crystalline polyesters for optical information storage

Azobenzene side-chain liquid crystalline polyester structures suitable for permanent optical storage are described. The synthesis and characterization of the polyesters together with differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray investigations are discussed. Optical anisotropic investigations and holographic storage in one particular polyester are described in detail and polarized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic data complementing the optical data are presented. Optical and atomic force microscope investigations point to a laser-induced aggregation as responsible for permanent optical storage.     

新滑油滤清器的设计与试验

为进一步提高现有滤清器的过滤效率,设计开发了一种新型滑油滤清器.测试并计算了新型滤清器的压力降和原始滤清效率,并与原滤清器进行了对比.结果表明,新型滤清器的滤清效率分别比原滤清器提高5.72%和0.23%     

非对称量子阱中非线性光学吸收系数的计算

非对称量子阱中的非线性光学效应因其潜在的实用价值而引起人们的广泛关注,而量子阱内带间的光学吸收问题对研究远红外光学探测器件具有重要的理论指导意义.以Pschl-Teller势阱为例研究了影响非对称量子阱中的非线性光学吸收系数的因素.考虑到带间的电子弛豫,用量子力学中的密度矩阵算符理论导出了Pschl-Teller势阱中的线性与三阶非线性光学吸收系数的表达式.因该势阱中有两个可调参数,通过调节系统的参数,发现该系统的非线性光学吸收系数呈规律性的变化.以典型的GaAs/AlGaAs非对称量子阱为例作了数值计算,通过调节系统的参数,数值计算结果表明,入射光强以及系统的非对称性对量子阱的非线性光学吸收系数有较大的影响,从而为实验上研究非对称量子阱的非线性光学效应提供了必要的理论依据.